Strong quantum computational advantage using a superconducting quantum processor

Abstract

Scaling up to a large number of qubits with high-precision control is essential in the demonstrations of quantum computational advantage to exponentially outpace the classical hardware and algorithmic improvements. Here, we develop a two-dimensional programmable superconducting quantum processor, \textit{Zuchongzhi}, which is composed of 66 functional qubits in a tunable coupling architecture. To characterize the performance of the whole system, we perform random quantum circuits sampling for benchmarking, up to a system size of 56 qubits and 20 cycles. The computational cost of the classical simulation of this task is estimated to be 2-3 orders of magnitude higher than the previous work on 53-qubit Sycamore processor [Nature \textbf{574}, 505 (2019)]. We estimate that the sampling task finished by \textit{Zuchongzhi} in about 1.2 hours will take the most powerful supercomputer at least 8 years. Our work establishes an unambiguous quantum computational advantage that is infeasible for classical computation in a reasonable amount of time. The high-precision and programmable quantum computing platform opens a new door to explore novel many-body phenomena and implement complex quantum algorithms.

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• Parametric phase modulation in superconducting circuits
• Novel Emergent Phases in a Two-Dimensional Superconductor
• Boson sampling with ultracold atoms in a programmable optical lattice
• Simulating Quantum Circuits with Tree Tensor Networks using Density-Matrix Renormalization Group Algorithm
• Four-body coupler for superconducting qubits based on Josephson parametric oscillators
• Parallel two-qubit entangling gates via a quantum nondemolition interaction controlled by rotation
• Best-practice aspects of quantum-computer calculations: A case study of hydrogen molecule
• Compressed sensing enhanced by quantum approximate optimization algorithm
• Third law of thermodynamics and the scaling of quantum computers
• Energy-saving fast-forward scaling
• Tight-Binding Energy-Phase Calculation for Topological Josephson Junction Nanowire Architecture
• Enhancement of non-Stabilizerness within Indefinite Causal Order
• Classical simulation of circuits with realistic odd-dimensional Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill states
• Parallelized Givens Ansatz for Molecular ground-states: Bridging Accuracy and Efficiency on NISQ Platforms
• Geometric Quantum Gates of Non-closed Paths Under Counterdiabatic Driving
• Quantum simulation of entanglement dynamics in a quantum processor
• Resource Efficient Boolean Function Solver on Quantum Computer
• Robustness of optimized numerical estimation schemes for noisy variational quantum algorithms
• Improving Variational Counterdiabatic Driving with Weighted Actions and Computer Algebra
• Tradeoff between noise and banding in a quantum adder with qudits
• Adaptive random compiler for Hamiltonian simulation
• Tunable Hybrid-Mode Coupler Enabling Strong Interactions between Transmons at Centimeter-Scale Distance
• Variational quantum algorithms with invariant probabilistic error cancellation on noisy quantum processors
• Symmetry-Checking in Band Structure Calculations on a Noisy Quantum Computer
• Performance-centric roadmap for building a superconducting quantum computer
• Quantum-inspired dynamical models on quantum and classical annealers
• Overcoming disorder in superconducting globally driven quantum computing
• Counterdiabatic ADAPT-VQE for molecular simulation
• Instantaneous Quantum Polynomial-Time Sampling and Verifiable Quantum Advantage: Stabilizer Scheme and Classical Security
• Loss-induced quantum nonreciprocity and entanglement in superconducting qubits
• Transmon-assisted high-fidelity controlled-Z gates for integer fluxonium qubits
• Generalized Cross-Entropy Benchmarking for Random Circuits with Ergodicity
• Averaging gate approximation error and performance of Unitary Coupled Cluster ansatz in Pre-FTQC Era
• Transpiling quantum assembly language circuits to a qudit form
• Quantum subspace verification for error correction codes
• Unsupervised detection of decoupled subspaces: many-body scars and beyond
• Leakage Mobility in Superconducting Qubits as a Leakage Reduction Unit
• Leveraging Quantum Annealer to identify an Event-topology at High Energy Colliders
• Demonstration of deterministic SWAP gate between superconducting and frequency-encoded microwave-photon qubits
• Computable and noncomputable in the quantum domain: statements and conjectures
• Efficient Quantum Circuit Simulation by Tensor Network Methods on Modern GPUs
• Realistic photon-number resolution in Gaussian boson sampling
• Classical algorithms for measurement-adaptive Gaussian circuits
• Quantum Chaos and Universal Trotterisation Behaviours in Digital Quantum Simulations
• Geometric and holonomic quantum computation
• Training continuously-coupled reconfigurable photonic chips with quantum machine learning
• Approximate Quantum Error Correction with 1D Log-Depth Circuits
• A Useful Metric for the NISQ Era: Qubit Error Probability and Its Role in Zero Noise Extrapolation
• Zero-Knowledge Proofs of Quantumness
• Towards Compact Wavefunctions from Quantum-Selected Configuration Interaction
• Macroscopic quantum phenomena and quantum computing
• Enhancing entanglement and total correlations dynamics via local unitaries
• Approximate quantum gates compiling with self-navigation algorithm
• Quantum coherence and counterdiabatic quantum computing
• Viability of quantum communication across interstellar distances
• Quantum Pattern Recognition in Photonic Circuits
• Optimizing Quantum Variational Circuits with Deep Reinforcement Learning
• Moments of Quantum Channel Ensembles
• Noisy Monitored Quantum Circuits
• Topology-Aware Block Coordinate Descent for Qubit Frequency Allocation of Superconducting Quantum Processors
• Physical reservoir computing using finitely-sampled quantum systems
• Systematic Characterization of Transmon Qubit Stability with Thermal Cycling
• Robust and optimal loading of general classical data into quantum computers
• Remote entanglement generation via enhanced quantum state transfer
• Variational Quantum Simulation of Chemical Dynamics with Quantum Computers
• Digital quantum simulation of squeezed states via enhanced bosonic encoding in a superconducting quantum processor
• Control the qubit-qubit coupling with double superconducting resonators
• Logarithmic growth of operator entanglement in a clean non-integrable circuit
• On the Fundamental Resource for Exponential Advantage in Quantum Channel Learning