paper

Integer and fractional Chern insulators in twisted bilayer MoTe2

arXiv:2305.00973 · doi:10.1038/s41586-023-06452-3

Abstract

Chern insulators, which are the lattice analogs of the quantum Hall states, can potentially manifest high-temperature topological orders at zero magnetic field to enable next-generation topological quantum devices. To date, integer Chern insulators have been experimentally demonstrated in several systems at zero magnetic field, but fractional Chern insulators have been reported only in graphene-based systems under a finite magnetic field. The emergence of semiconductor moiré materials, which support tunable topological flat bands, opens a new opportunity to realize fractional Chern insulators. Here, we report the observation of both integer and fractional Chern insulators at zero magnetic field in small-angle twisted bilayer MoTe2 by combining the local electronic compressibility and magneto-optical measurements. At hole filling factor ν=1 and 2/3, the system is incompressible and spontaneously breaks time reversal symmetry. We determine the Chern number to be 1 and 2/3 for the ν=1 and ν=2/3 gaps, respectively, from their dispersion in filling factor with applied magnetic field using the Streda formula. We further demonstrate electric-field-tuned topological phase transitions involving the Chern insulators. Our findings pave the way for demonstration of quantized fractional Hall conductance and anyonic excitation and braiding in semiconductor moiré materials.

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