A first test of CUPID prototypal light detectors with NTD-Ge sensors in a pulse-tube cryostat

Abstract

CUPID is a next-generation bolometric experiment aiming at searching for neutrinoless double-beta decay with ~250 kg of isotopic mass of ${}^{100}$Mo. It will operate at $\sim$10 mK in a cryostat currently hosting a similar-scale bolometric array for the CUORE experiment at the Gran Sasso National Laboratory (Italy). CUPID will be based on large-volume scintillating bolometers consisting of ${}^{100}$Mo-enriched Li${}_2$MoO${}_4$ crystals, facing thin Ge-wafer-based bolometric light detectors. In the CUPID design, the detector structure is novel and needs to be validated. In particular, the CUORE cryostat presents a high level of mechanical vibrations due to the use of pulse tubes and the effect of vibrations on the detector performance must be investigated. In this paper we report the first test of the CUPID-design bolometric light detectors with NTD-Ge sensors in a dilution refrigerator equipped with a pulse tube in an above-ground lab. Light detectors are characterized in terms of sensitivity, energy resolution, pulse time constants, and noise power spectrum. Despite the challenging noisy environment due to pulse-tube-induced vibrations, we demonstrate that all the four tested light detectors comply with the CUPID goal in terms of intrinsic energy resolution of 100 eV RMS baseline noise. Indeed, we have measured 70--90 eV RMS for the four devices, which show an excellent reproducibility. We have also obtained outstanding energy resolutions at the 356 keV line from a ${}^{133}$Ba source with one light detector achieving 0.71(5) keV FWHM, which is -- to our knowledge -- the best ever obtained when compared to $\gamma$ detectors of any technology in this energy range.

arXiv commentPrepared for submission to JINST; 16 pages, 7 figures, and 1 table

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• CUPID, the CUORE Upgrade with Particle IDentification
• A novel mechanical design of a bolometric array for the CROSS double-beta decay experiment
• Vibrational sensing at mK temperatures in dry dilution refrigerators using commercial accelerometers for diverse fundamental physics applications
• Cryogenic light detectors with thermal signal amplification for $0\nu \beta \beta$ search experiments
• Exploring the keV-scale physics potential of CUORE