HIP 33609 b: An Eccentric Brown Dwarf Transiting a V=7.3 Rapidly Rotating B-Star

Abstract

We present the discovery and characterization of HIP 33609 b, a transiting warm brown dwarf orbiting a late B star, discovered by NASA's Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite TESS as TOI-588 b. HIP 33609 b is a large (R${}_b$ = 1.580${}_{-0.070}^{+0.074}$ R${}_J$) brown dwarf on a highly eccentric (e = 0.560${}_{-0.031}^{+0.029}$) orbit with a 39-day period. The host star is a bright (V = 7.3 mag), T${}_{eff}$ = 10,400${}_{-660}^{+800}$ K star with a mass of M${}_{\ast }$ = 2.383${}_{-0.095}^{+0.10}$ M${}_{\odot }$ and radius of R${}_{\ast }$ = 1.863${}_{-0.082}^{+0.087}$ R${}_{\odot }$, making it the hottest transiting brown dwarf host star discovered to date. We obtained radial velocity measurements from the CHIRON spectrograph confirming the companion's mass of M${}_b$ = 68.0${}_{-7.1}^{+7.4}$ M${}_J$ as well as the host star's rotation rate ($vsin{i}_{\ast }=55.6\pm 1.8$ km/s). We also present the discovery of a new comoving group of stars, designated as MELANGE-6, and determine that HIP 33609 is a member. We use a combination of rotation periods and isochrone models fit to the cluster members to estimate an age of 150 $\pm$ 25 Myr. With a measured mass, radius, and age, HIP 33609 b becomes a benchmark for substellar evolutionary models.

arXiv comment16 pages, 5 figures, 4 tables, Submitted to AAS Journals

References in corpus (106)

• Maps of Dust IR Emission for Use in Estimation of Reddening and CMBR Foregrounds
• emcee: The MCMC Hammer
• Measuring Reddening with SDSS Stellar Spectra and Recalibrating SFD
• Modules for Experiments in Stellar Astrophysics (MESA)
• Modules for Experiments in Stellar Astrophysics (MESA): Giant Planets, Oscillations, Rotation, and Massive Stars
• Modules for Experiments in Stellar Astrophysics (MESA): Binaries, Pulsations, and Explosions
• MESA Isochrones and Stellar Tracks (MIST). I: Solar-Scaled Models
• Analytic Lightcurves for Planetary Transit Searches
• Gaia Data Release 2: The astrometric solution
• MESA Isochrones and Stellar Tracks (MIST) 0: Methods for the construction of stellar isochrones
• The Dartmouth Stellar Evolution Database
• The K2 Mission: Characterization and Early results
• Evolutionary models for cool brown dwarfs and extrasolar giant planets. The case of HD 20945
• Accurate masses and radii of normal stars: modern results and applications
• Shrinking binary and planetary orbits by Kozai cycles with tidal friction
• Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network
• Kepler Presearch Data Conditioning II - A Bayesian Approach to Systematic Error Correction
• Gaia Early Data Release 3: Parallax bias versus magnitude, colour, and position
• Efficient, uninformative sampling of limb darkening coefficients for two-parameter laws
• The Theory of Brown Dwarfs and Extrasolar Giant Planets
• Kepler Presearch Data Conditioning I - Architecture and Algorithms for Error Correction in Kepler Light Curves
• EXOFAST: A fast exoplanetary fitting suite in IDL
• Hot Stars with Hot Jupiters Have High Obliquities
• The TESS Input Catalog and Candidate Target List
• AstroImageJ: Image Processing and Photometric Extraction for Ultra-Precise Astronomical Light Curves
• AstroImageJ: Image Processing and Photometric Extraction for Ultra-Precise Astronomical Light Curves (Expanded Edition)
• On the rotational evolution of solar- and late-type stars, its magnetic origins, and the possibility of stellar gyrochronology
• The Evolution of L and T Dwarfs in Color-Magnitude Diagrams
• Evolutionary models for low-mass stars and brown dwarfs: uncertainties and limits at very young ages
• A Technique for Extracting Highly Precise Photometry for the Two-Wheeled Kepler Mission
• On the radiative equilibrium of irradiated planetary atmospheres
• Accurate, Empirical Radii and Masses of Planets and their Host Stars with Gaia Parallaxes
• False positive probabilties for all Kepler Objects of Interest: 1284 newly validated planets and 428 likely false positives
• Secular Chaos and the Production of Hot Jupiters
• HAT-P-11b: A Super-Neptune Planet Transiting a Bright K Star in the Kepler Field
• The TESS Objects of Interest Catalog from the TESS Prime Mission
• Evidence for a systematic offset of -80 micro-arcseconds in the Gaia DR2 parallaxes
• Limb and gravity-darkening coefficients for the TESS satellite at several metallicities, surface gravities, and microturbulent velocities
• A new set of atmosphere and evolution models for cool T-Y brown dwarfs and giant exoplanets
• The Deuterium-Burning Mass Limit for Brown Dwarfs and Giant Planets
• Line-profile tomography of exoplanet transits -- II. A gas-giant planet transiting a rapidly-rotating A5 star
• Understanding The Effects Of Stellar Multiplicity On The Derived Planet Radii From Transit Surveys: Implications for Kepler, K2, and TESS
• CHIRON - A Fiber Fed Spectrometer for Precise Radial Velocities
• KELT-1b: A Strongly Irradiated, Highly Inflated, Short Period, 27 Jupiter-mass Companion Transiting a mid-F Star
• Evidence of Possible Spin-Orbit Misalignment Along the Line of Sight in Transiting Exoplanet Systems
• Parallax Systematics and Photocenter Motions of Benchmark Eclipsing Binaries in Gaia EDR3
• Orbital Migration and Mass Accretion of Protoplanets in 3D Global Computations with Nested Grids
• A giant planet undergoing extreme ultraviolet irradiation by its hot massive-star host
• Atomic iron and titanium in the atmosphere of the exoplanet KELT-9b
• SOAR TESS Survey. I: Sculpting of TESS planetary systems by stellar companions
• Rotation in the Pleiades with K2: I. Data and First Results
• Untangling the Galaxy I: Local Structure and Star Formation History of the Milky Way
• Eclipsing Binary Stars as Benchmarks for Trigonometric Parallaxes in the Gaia Era
• An extended hydrogen envelope of the extremely hot giant exoplanet KELT-9b
• Bayesian Analysis of Hot Jupiter Radius Anomalies: Evidence for Ohmic Dissipation?
• Changing Phases of Alien Worlds: Probing Atmospheres of Kepler Planets with High-Precision Photometry
• Ten years of speckle interferometry at SOAR
• TESS Hunt for Young and Maturing Exoplanets (THYME): A planet in the 45 Myr Tucana-Horologium association
• Transit Lightcurves of Extrasolar Planets Orbiting Rapidly-Rotating Stars
• TESS Spots a Compact System of Super-Earths around the Naked-Eye Star HR 858
• Atmospheric Characterization of the Hot Jupiter Kepler-13Ab
• Two new HATNet hot Jupiters around A stars, and the first glimpse at the occurrence rate of hot Jupiters from TESS
• Transiting exoplanets from the CoRoT space mission. XV. CoRoT-15b: a brown dwarf transiting companion
• Stellar Companions of Exoplanet Host Stars in K2
• Age Determination in Upper Scorpius with Eclipsing Binaries
• New low-mass eclipsing binary systems in Praesepe discovered by K2
• KELT-20b: A giant planet with a period of P~ 3.5 days transiting the V~ 7.6 early A star HD 185603
• The Solar Neighborhood XLIX: Nine Giant Planets Orbiting Nearby K Dwarfs, and the CHIRON Spectrograph's Radial Velocity Performance
• Kepler-14b: A massive hot Jupiter transiting an F star in a close visual binary
• Self-Consistent Magnetic Stellar Evolution Models of the Detached, Solar-Type Eclipsing Binary EF Aquarii
• Speckle Observations of TESS Exoplanet Host Stars. II. Stellar Companions at 1-1000 AU and Implications for Small Planet Detection
• Empirical limb-darkening coefficients & transit parameters of known exoplanets from TESS
• TESS Hunt for Young and Maturing Exoplanets (THYME) VI: an 11 Myr giant planet transiting a very low-mass star in Lower Centaurus Crux
• The secondary eclipses of WASP-19b as seen by the ASTEP 400 telescope from Antarctica
• Origins of Hot Jupiters from the Stellar Obliquity Distribution
• KELT-17b: A hot-Jupiter transiting an A-star in a misaligned orbit detected with Doppler tomography
• SOPHIE velocimetry of Kepler transit candidates IX. KOI-415 b: a long-period, eccentric transiting brown dwarf to an evolved Sun
• TraMoS V. Updated ephemeris and multi-epoch monitoring of the hot Jupiters WASP-18Ab, WASP-19b, and WASP-77Ab
• TESS Hunt for Young and Maturing Exoplanets (THYME) V: A Sub-Neptune Transiting a Young Star in a Newly Discovered 250 Myr Association
• Spitzer and z' Secondary Eclipse Observations of the Highly Irradiated Transiting Brown Dwarf KELT-1b
• Improved parameters of seven Kepler giant companions characterized with SOPHIE and HARPS-N
• A well aligned orbit for the 45 Myr old transiting Neptune DS Tuc Ab
• MASCARA-1 b: A hot Jupiter transiting a bright $m_V=8.3$ A-star in a misaligned orbit
• Spi-OPS: Spitzer and CHEOPS confirm the near-polar orbit of MASCARA-1 b and reveal a hint of dayside reflection
• Populating the brown dwarf and stellar boundary: Five stars with transiting companions near the hydrogen-burning mass limit
• TOI-811b and TOI-852b: New transiting brown dwarfs with similar masses and very different radii and ages from the TESS mission
• The unpopular Package: a Data-driven Approach to De-trend TESS Full Frame Image Light Curves
• A Significant Over-Luminosity in the Transiting Brown Dwarf CWW 89Ab
• The warm Neptunes around HD 106315 have low stellar obliquities
• KELT-21b: A Hot Jupiter Transiting the Rapidly-Rotating Metal-Poor Late-A Primary of a Likely Hierarchical Triple System
• Transiting exoplanets from the CoRoT space mission: XIII. CoRoT-14b: an unusually dense very hot Jupiter
• Three K2 Campaigns Yield Rotation Periods for 1013 Stars in Praesepe
• WASP-South hot Jupiters: WASP-178b, WASP-184b, WASP-185b & WASP-192b
• MASCARA-4 b/bRing-1b - A retrograde hot Jupiter around the bright A3V star HD 85628
• Transiting exoplanets from the CoRoT space mission XXV. CoRoT-27b: a massive and dense planet on a short-period orbit
• Another Shipment of Six Short-Period Giant Planets from TESS
• Three new brown dwarfs and a massive hot Jupiter revealed by TESS around early-type stars
• The obliquity and atmosphere of the ultra-hot Jupiter TOI-1431b (MASCARA-5b): A misaligned orbit and no signs of atomic ormolecular absorptions
• TOI-2119: A transiting brown dwarf orbiting an active M-dwarf from NASA's TESS mission
• Sub-stellar Companions of Intermediate-mass Stars with CoRoT: CoRoT-34b, CoRoT-35b, and CoRoT-36b
• A Young, Low-Density Stellar Stream in the Milky Way Disk: Theia 456
• HATS-39b, HATS-40b, HATS-41b, and HATS-42b: Three Inflated Hot Jupiters and a Super-Jupiter Transiting F Stars
• An Extreme-mass Ratio, Short-period Eclipsing Binary Consisting of a B Dwarf Primary and a Pre-main Sequence M Star Companion Discovered by KELT
• TIC-320687387 B: a long-period eclipsing M-dwarf close to the hydrogen burning limit
• HD 56414 b: A Warm Neptune Transiting an A-type Star
• Two transiting hot Jupiters from the WASP survey: WASP-150b and WASP-176b

Cited by in corpus (6)

• Using the Gaia excess uncertainty as a proxy for stellar variability and age
• Multiples among B stars in the Scorpius-Centaurus association
• The OATMEAL Survey. I. Low Stellar Obliquity in the Transiting Brown Dwarf System GPX-1
• Planets around evolved intermediate-mass stars III. Planet candidates and long-term activity signals in six open clusters
• The OATMEAL Survey. III. An Aligned Transiting Warm Brown Dwarf and Evidence for Quiescent Brown Dwarf Migration
• Secondary eclipses of two brown dwarfs in the K2 fields: detection by multiple dataset merging