Spin and spin current -- From fundamentals to recent progress

Abstract

Along with the progress of spin science and spintronics research, the flow of electron spins, (i.e. spin current), has attracted interest. New phenomena and electronic states were explained in succession using the concept of spin current. Moreover, as many of the conventionally known spintronics phenomena became well organized based on spin current, it has rapidly been recognized as an essential concept in a wide range of condensed matter physics. In this article, we focus on recent developments in the physics of spin, spin current, and their related phenomena, where the conversion between spin angular momentum and different forms of angular momentum plays an essential role. Starting with an introduction to spin current, we first discuss the recent progress in spintronic phenomena driven by spin-exchange coupling: spin pumping, topological Hall torque, and emergent inductor. We, then, extend our discussion to the interaction/interconversion of spins with heat, lattice vibrations, and charge current and address recent progress and perspectives on the spin Seebeck and Peltier effects. Next, we review the interaction between mechanical motion and electron/nuclear spins and argue the difference between the Barnett field and rotational Doppler effect. We show that the Barnett effect reveals the angular momentum compensation temperature, at which the net angular momentum is quenched in ferrimagnets.

arXiv comment23 pages, 19 figures, Introduction and References updated

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Cited by in corpus (14)

• Orbital Pumping in Ferrimagnetic Insulators
• Topological nature of the proper spin current and the spin-Hall torque
• Towards an experimental proof of the magnonic Aharonov$-$Casher effect
• Nonlinear Seebeck effect in Ni${}_{81}$Fe${}_{19}$|Pt at room temperature
• Effective model analysis of intrinsic spin Hall effect with magnetism in stacked-kagome Weyl semimetal Co3Sn2S2
• Probing the Spin-Momentum Locking in Rashba Surfaces via Spin Current
• Unconventional Spin-orbit Torques by Two-dimensional Multilayered MXenes for Future Nonvolatile Magnetic Memories
• Orbital currents in lattice multiorbital systems: Continuity equation, torques, and RKKY interaction
• Spin Pumping into two-dimensional systems
• Symmetry-driven Intrinsic Nonlinear Pure Spin Hall Effect
• Cryogenic spin Peltier effect detected by a RuO${}_2$-AlO${}_x$ on-chip microthermometer
• Low temperature spin Seebeck effect in non-magnetic vanadium dioxide
• Spin-to-charge conversion in orthorhombic RhSi topological semimetal crystalline thin films
• Field Dispersion and Strong Coupling of Nuclear-Electron Spin Excitation in MnCO${}_3$