Gap-opening Planets Make Dust Rings Wider

Abstract

As one of the most commonly observed disk substructures, dust rings from high-resolution disk surveys appear to have different radial widths. Recent observations on PDS 70 and AB Aur reveal not only planets in the disk, but also the accompanying wide dust rings. We use three-dimensional dust-and-gas disk simulations to study whether gap-opening planets are responsible for the large ring width in disk observations. We find that gap-opening planets can widen rings of dust trapped at the pressure bump via planetary perturbations, even with the mid-plane dust-to-gas ratio approaching order unity and with the dust back-reaction accounted for. We show that the planet-related widening effect of dust rings can be quantified using diffusion-advection theory, and provide a generalized criterion for an equilibrated dust ring width in three-dimensional disk models. We also suggest that the ring width can be estimated using the gas turbulent viscosity ${\alpha }_{\mathrm{turb}}$, but with cautions about the Schmidt number greater than order unity.

17 pages, 6+3 figures, 2 tables, accepted in ApJ

References in corpus (17)

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Cited by in corpus (5)

• Three-temperature radiation hydrodynamics with PLUTO: Thermal and kinematic signatures of accreting protoplanets
• Distinguishing Magnetized Disc Winds from Turbulent Viscosity through Substructure Morphology in Planet-forming Discs
• On Secular Gravitational Instability in Vertically Stratified Disks
• How two-dimensional are planet-disc interactions? II. Radiation hydrodynamics and suitable cooling prescriptions
• Planetesimal formation at the gas pressure bump following a migrating planet II. Effects of dust growth