On-demand electrical control of spin qubits

Abstract

Once called a "classically non-describable two-valuedness" by Pauli , the electron spin is a natural resource for long-lived quantum information since it is mostly impervious to electric fluctuations and can be replicated in large arrays using silicon quantum dots, which offer high-fidelity control. Paradoxically, one of the most convenient control strategies is the integration of nanoscale magnets to artificially enhance the coupling between spins and electric field, which in turn hampers the spin's noise immunity and adds architectural complexity. Here we demonstrate a technique that enables a \emph{switchable} interaction between spins and orbital motion of electrons in silicon quantum dots, without the presence of a micromagnet. The naturally weak effects of the relativistic spin-orbit interaction in silicon are enhanced by more than three orders of magnitude by controlling the energy quantisation of electrons in the nanostructure, enhancing the orbital motion. Fast electrical control is demonstrated in multiple devices and electronic configurations, highlighting the utility of the technique. Using the electrical drive we achieve coherence time $T_{2,\mathrm{Hahn}}\approx 50\mu$s, fast single-qubit gates with $T_{\pi /2}=3$ ns and gate fidelities of 99.93 % probed by randomised benchmarking. The higher gate speeds and better compatibility with CMOS manufacturing enabled by on-demand electric control improve the prospects for realising scalable silicon quantum processors.

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Cited by in corpus (26)

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• Simulation of 1/f charge noise affecting a quantum dot in a Si/SiGe structure
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• Compromise-Free Scaling of Qubit Speed and Coherence
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• Non-reciprocal Pauli Spin Blockade in a Silicon Double Quantum Dot
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• Neural-network-designed three-qubit gates robust against charge noise and crosstalk in silicon
• Noise Correlations in a 1D Silicon Spin Qubit Array
• Experimental online quantum dots charge autotuning using neural networks
• All-electrical operation of a spin qubit coupled to a high-Q resonator
• Interface engineering of van der Waals heterostructures towards energy-efficient quantum devices operating at high temperatures
• Integration of Cobalt Ferromagnetic Control Gates for Electrical and Magnetic Manipulation of Semiconductor Quantum Dots
• Interplay of Zeeman Splitting and Tunnel Coupling in Coherent Spin Qubit Shuttling
• Correcting on-chip distortion of control pulses with silicon spin qubits
• Giant Rabi frequencies between qubit and excited hole states in silicon quantum dots
• Direct measurement of spin-flip rates in single-electron tunneling
• Using near-flat-band electrons for read-out of molecular spin qubit entangled states
• Robust shaped pulses for arrays of superconducting or semiconductor spin qubits with fixed Ising coupling