Gravitational waves from a holographic phase transition

Abstract

We investigate first order phase transitions in a holographic setting of five-dimensional Einstein gravity coupled to a scalar field, constructing phase diagrams of the dual field theory at finite temperature. We scan over the two-dimensional parameter space of a simple bottom-up model and map out important quantities for the phase transition: the region where first order phase transitions take place; the latent heat, the transition strength parameter $\alpha$, and the stiffness. We find that $\alpha$ is generically in the range 0.1 to 0.3, and is strongly correlated with the stiffness (the square of the sound speed in a barotropic fluid). Using the LISA Cosmology Working Group gravitational wave power spectrum model corrected for kinetic energy suppression at large $\alpha$ and non-conformal stiffness, we outline the observational prospects at the future space-based detectors LISA and TianQin. A TeV-scale hidden sector with a phase transition described by the model could be observable at both detectors.

36 pages, 17 figures

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• Holographic Bubbles with Jecco: Expanding, Collapsing and Critical
• Gravitational Waves at Strong Coupling from an Effective Action
• Effective actions and bubble nucleation from holography
• Criterion for ultra-fast bubble walls: the impact of hydrodynamic obstruction
• Primordial Black Hole Formation during a Strongly Coupled Crossover
• Black brane evaporation through D-brane bubble nucleation
• Gravitational waves from holographic QCD phase transition with gluon condensate
• Droplet collapse during strongly supercooled transitions
• General bubble expansion at strong coupling
• Thermal Emission of Gravitational Waves from Weak to Strong Coupling
• Confined-deconfined interface tension and latent heat in SU(N) gauge theory
• Thermal evolution of dark matter and gravitational-wave production in the early universe from a symplectic glueball model
• Radion dynamics, heavy Kaluza-Klein resonances and gravitational waves
• Bubbles kick off primordial black holes to form more binaries
• Hydrodynamics of Relativistic Superheated Bubbles