Strangeness in Nuclei and Neutron Stars

Abstract

We review the present status of the experimental and theoretical developments in the field of strangeness in nuclei and neutron stars. We start by discussing the $\bar{K}N$ interaction, that is governed by the presence of the $\Lambda (1405)$. We continue by showing the two-pole nature of the $\Lambda (1405)$, and the production mechanisms in photon-, pion-, kaon-induced reactions as well as proton-proton collisions, while discussing the formation of $\bar{K}NN$ bound states. We then move to the theoretical and experimental analysis of the properties of kaons and antikaons in dense nuclear matter, paying a special attention to kaonic atoms and the analysis of strangeness creation and propagation in nuclear collisions. Next, we examine the $\varphi$ meson and the advances in photoproduction, proton-induced and pion-induced reactions, so as to understand its properties in dense matter. Finally, we address the dynamics of hyperons with nucleons and nuclear matter, and the connection to the phases of dense matter with strangeness in the interior of neutron stars.

103 pages, 53 figures, 3 tables, invited review to appear in Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics

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• Shapiro delay measurement of a two solar mass neutron star
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• Lattice QCD Evidence that the Lambda(1405) Resonance is an Antikaon-Nucleon Molecule
• Nuclear Physics from Lattice QCD
• Estimation of the effect of hyperonic three-body forces on the maximum mass of neutron stars
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• Constraints on the chiral unitary $\bar{K}N$ amplitude from $\pi \Sigma K^{+}$ photoproduction data
• On the Strangeness -1 S-wave Meson-Baryon Scattering
• Hyperon-Nucleon Scattering from Fully-Dynamical Lattice QCD
• Deep sub-threshold ${\Xi }^{-}$ production in Ar+KCl reactions at 1.76A GeV
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• Lineshape of the Lambda(1405) Hyperon Measured Through its Sigma0 pion0 Decay
• Observation of Lambda H-4 hyperhydrogen by decay-pion spectroscopy in electron scattering
• Equation of State for Nucleonic and Hyperonic Neutron Stars with Mass and Radius Constraints
• Energy dependence of barKN interactions and resonance pole of strange dibaryons
• DN interaction from meson exchange
• Lambda-Lambda interaction from relativistic heavy-ion collisions
• The Equation of State for the Nucleonic and Hyperonic Core of Neutron Stars
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• Kaonic production of Lambda(1405) off deuteron target in chiral dynamics
• Measurement of the in-medium phi-meson width in proton-nucleus collisions
• Predictions for the ${\Lambda }_b\to J/\psi \Lambda (1405)$ decay
• Neutron stars with small radii -- the role of delta resonances
• Peeling off neutron skins from neutron-rich nuclei: Constraints on the symmetry energy from neutron-removal cross sections
• $K^{-}N$ amplitudes below threshold constrained by multinucleon absorption
• A study of hyperons in nuclear matter based on chiral effective field theory
• Antikaons and hyperons in nuclear matter with saturation
• K^0 and Λproduction in Ni + Ni collisions near threshold
• Measurement of the in-medium K0 inclusive cross section in pi- -induced reactions at 1.15 GeV/c
• A 1.05 $M_{\odot }$ Companion to PSR J2222-0137: The Coolest Known White Dwarf?
• Lambda hyperon production and polarization in collisions of p(3.5 GeV) + Nb
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• $\Lambda N$ correlations from the stopped $K^{-}$ reaction on ${}^4$He
• Isospin dependence of relative yields of $K^{+}$ and $K^0$ mesons at 1.528 AGeV
• Lambda-nucleon scattering in baryon chiral perturbation theory
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• Constraints on the nuclear symmetry energy from asymmetric-matter calculations with chiral NN and 3N interactions
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• A variational study of two-nucleon systems with lattice QCD
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• Measurement of the lifetime and $\Lambda$ separation energy of ${}_{\Lambda }^3\mathrm{H}$
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• Rotating Neutron Stars in F(R) Gravity with Axions
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• New insights into the pole parameters of the $\Lambda (1380)$, the $\Lambda (1405)$ and the $\Sigma (1385)$
• Baryonic dense matter in view of gravitational-wave observations
• Pulse Profile Modeling of Thermonuclear Burst Oscillations I: The Effect of Neglecting Variability
• Study of the p$-$p$-$K${}^{+}$ and p$-$p$-$K${}^{-}$ dynamics using the femtoscopy technique
• SU(3) parity doubling in cold neutron star matter
• Prospects to study hyperon-nucleon interactions at BESIII
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