Multi-epoch Direct Imaging and Time-Variable Scattered Light Morphology of the HD 163296 Protoplanetary Disk

Abstract

We present H-band polarized scattered light imagery and JHK high-contrast spectroscopy of the protoplanetary disk around HD 163296 observed with the HiCIAO and SCExAO/CHARIS instruments at Subaru Observatory. The polarimetric imagery resolve a broken ring structure surrounding HD 163296 that peaks at a distance along the major axis of 0.65 (66 AU) and extends out to 0.98 (100 AU) along the major axis. Our 2011 H-band data exhibit clear axisymmetry, with the NW- and SE- side of the disk exhibiting similar intensities. Our data are clearly different than 2016 epoch H-band observations from VLT/SPHERE that found a strong 2.7x asymmetry between the NW- and SE-side of the disk. Collectively, these results indicate the presence of time variable, non-azimuthally symmetric illumination of the outer disk. Based on our 3D-MCRT modeling of contemporaneous IR spectroscopic and H-band polarized intensity imagery of the system, we suggest that while the system could plausibly host an inclined inner disk component, such a component is unlikely to be responsible for producing the observed time-dependent azimuthal variations in the outer scattered light disk of the system. While our SCExAO/CHARIS data are sensitive enough to recover the planet candidate identified from NIRC2 in the thermal IR, we fail to detect an object with a corresponding JHK brightness estimated from the atmospheric models of Baraffe et al. 2003. This suggests that the candidate is either fainter in JHK bands than model predictions, possibly due to extinction from the disk or atmospheric dust/clouds, or that it is an artifact of the dataset/data processing. Our SCExAO/CHARIS data lower the IR mass limits for planets inferred at larger stellocentric separations; however, these ALMA-predicted protoplanet candidates are currently still consistent with direct imaging constraints.

arXiv comment19 pages, 13 figures, 2 tables

References in corpus (64)

• Gaia Data Release 2. Summary of the contents and survey properties
• The Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE): Mission Description and Initial On-orbit Performance
• The Gaia mission
• Evolutionary models for cool brown dwarfs and extrasolar giant planets. The case of HD 20945
• A Non-Gray Theory of Extrasolar Giant Planets and Brown Dwarfs
• A Method of Correcting Near-Infrared Spectra for Telluric Absorption
• Angular Differential Imaging: a Powerful High-Contrast Imaging Technique
• Images of a fourth planet orbiting HR 8799
• A giant planet imaged in the disk of the young star Beta Pictoris
• Detection and Characterization of Exoplanets and Disks using Projections on Karhunen-Loeve Eigenimages
• ISO spectroscopy of circumstellar dust in 14 Herbig Ae/Be systems: towards an understanding of dust processing
• On the Luminosity of Young Jupiters
• A new algorithm for point spread function subtraction in high-contrast imaging: a demonstration with angular differential imaging
• The Subaru Coronagraphic Extreme Adaptive Optics system: enabling high-contrast imaging on solar-system scales
• Fundamental limitations of high contrast imaging set by small sample statistics
• A Kinematical Detection of Two Embedded Jupiter Mass Planets in HD 163296
• Kinematic evidence for an embedded protoplanet in a circumstellar disc
• A Combined Subaru/VLT/MMT 1--5 Micron Study of Planets Orbiting HR 8799: Implications for Atmospheric Properties, Masses, and Formation
• Imaging Spectroscopy for Extrasolar Planet Detection
• Direct Imaging of Fine Structures in Giant Planet Forming Regions of the Protoplanetary Disk around AB Aurigae
• A Spatially Resolved Vertical Temperature Gradient in the HD 163296 Disk
• A young protoplanet candidate embedded in the circumstellar disk of HD100546
• Gaia DR2 study of Herbig Ae/Be stars
• Model atmospheres for massive gas giants with thick clouds: Application to the HR 8799 planets and predictions for future detections
• The Spectral Energy Distribution of HH30 IRS: Constraining The Circumstellar Dust Size Distribution
• Detection and Characterization of Exoplanets using Projections on Karhunen-Loeve Eigenimages: Forward Modeling
• Structure of Herbig AeBe disks at the milliarcsecond scale A statistical survey in the H band using PIONIER-VLTI
• A library of near-infrared integral field spectra of young M-L dwarfs
• Parameters of Herbig Ae/Be and Vega-type stars
• Dynamical Constraints on the HR 8799 Planets with GPI
• Direct Imaging Confirmation and Characterization of a Dust-Enshrouded Candidate Exoplanet Orbiting Fomalhaut
• Three-Dimensional Radiation Transfer in Young Stellar Objects
• Millimeter imaging of HD 163296: probing the disk structure and kinematics
• The missing cavities in the SEEDS polarized scattered light images of transitional protoplanetary disks: a generic disk model
• Direct Imaging and Spectroscopy of a Candidate Companion Below/Near the Deuterium-Burning Limit In The Young Binary Star System, ROXs 42B
• Resolving the CO Snow Line in the Disk around HD 163296
• A Combined VLT and Gemini Study of the Atmosphere of the Directly-Imaged Planet, beta Pictoris b
• The mass of the young planet Pictoris b through the astrometric motion of its host star
• Relating jet structure to photometric variability: the Herbig Ae star HD 163296
• Variability of Disk Emission in Pre-Main Sequence and Related Stars. I. HD 31648 and HD 163296 - Isolated Herbig Ae Stars Driving Herbig-Haro Flows
• Polarized disk emission from Herbig Ae/Be stars observed using Gemini Planet Imager: HD 144432, HD 150193, HD 163296, and HD 169142
• Spectroscopic characterization of HD 95086 b with the Gemini Planet Imager
• The HD 163296 Circumstellar Disk in Scattered Light: Evidence of Time-Variable Self-Shadowing
• Strong Near-Infrared Emission Interior to the Dust-Sublimation Radius of Young Stellar Objects MWC275 and AB Aur
• Dust modeling of the combined ALMA and SPHERE datasets of HD163296. Is HD163296 really a Meeus group II disk?
• Evolution of Gas Giant Entropy During Formation by Runaway Accretion
• Evolution of protoplanetary disks from their taxonomy in scattered light: Group I vs. Group II
• A Model-Independent Mass and Moderate Eccentricity for $\beta$ Pic b
• Shadows and cavities in protoplanetary disks: HD163296, HD141569A, and HD150193A in polarized light
• SCExAO/CHARIS Near-Infrared Direct Imaging, Spectroscopy, and Forward-Modeling of kappa And b: A Likely Young, Low-Gravity Superjovian Companion
• New Techniques for High-Contrast Imaging with ADI: the ACORNS-ADI SEEDS Data Reduction Pipeline
• Accretion variability of Herbig Ae/Be stars observed by X-Shooter. HD 31648 and HD 163296
• Near-Infrared High-Resolution Imaging Polarimetry of FU Ori-Type Objects: Towards A Unified Scheme for Low-Mass Protostellar Evolution
• Herbig Stars' Near-Infrared Excess: An Origin in the Protostellar Disk's Magnetically-Supported Atmosphere
• Artificial incoherent speckles enable precision astrometry and photometry in high-contrast imaging
• Dust properties across the CO snowline in the HD 163296 disk from ALMA and VLA observations
• High-contrast imaging of HD 163296 with the Keck/NIRC2 L'-band vortex coronograph
• Variability of Disk Emission in Pre-Main Sequence and Related Stars. III. Exploring Structural Changes in the Pre-transitional Disk in HD 169142
• Extreme Asymmetry in the Disk of V1247 Ori
• Probing the Inner Disk Emission of the Herbig Ae Stars HD 163296 and HD 190073
• SCExAO/CHARIS Near-IR High-Contrast Imaging and Integral Field Spectroscopy of the HIP 79977 Debris Disk
• Laboratory and On-Sky Validation of the Shaped Pupil Coronagraph's Sensitivity to Low-Order Aberrations With Active Wavefront Control
• Variability of Disk Emission in Pre-Main Sequence and Related Stars IV. Investigating the Structural Changes in the Inner Disk Region of MWC 480
• Variability in the CO ro-vibrational lines from HD163296

Cited by in corpus (22)

• No Clear, Direct Evidence for Multiple Protoplanets Orbiting LkCa 15: LkCa 15 bcd are Likely Inner Disk Signals
• Gemini-LIGHTS: Herbig Ae/Be and massive T-Tauri protoplanetary disks imaged with Gemini Planet Imager
• Investigating the Relative Gas and Small Dust Grain Surface Heights in Protoplanetary Disks
• Determining mass limits around HD163296 through SPHERE direct imaging data
• Disk Illumination and Jet Variability of the Herbig Ae Star HD 163296 Using Multi-Epoch HST/STIS Optical, Near-IR, and Radio Imagery and Spectroscopy
• The GRAVITY Young Stellar Object Survey. VI. Mapping the variable inner disk of HD 163296 at sub-au scales
• Interferometric study on the temporal variability of the brightness distributions of protoplanetary disks
• The Polstar High Resolution Spectropolarimetry MIDEX Mission
• A faint companion around CrA-9: protoplanet or obscured binary?
• Characteristics of small protoplanetary disc warps in kinematic observations
• Dynamical detection of a companion driving a spiral arm in a protoplanetary disk
• A MUSE view of the asymmetric jet from HD 163296
• Vertical and radial distribution of atomic carbon in HD 163296
• The Morphology of the HD 163296 jet as a window on its planetary system
• A Chromaticity Analysis and PSF Subtraction Techniques for SCExAO/CHARIS data
• Variability of Disk Emission in Pre-Main Sequence and related Stars. V. Occultation Events from the innermost disk region of the Herbig Ae Star HD 163296
• Second-generation dust in planetary systems: The case of HD 163296
• UV Spectropolarimetry with Polstar: Protoplanetary Disks
• High-contrast integral field spectropolarimetry of planet-forming disks with SCExAO/CHARIS
• The Dynamic Inner Disk of a Planet Forming Star
• Feasibility of interferometric observations and characterization of planet-induced structures at sub au to au scales in protoplanetary disks
• Modelling shadows in scattered light observations as signals from companions in protoplanetary discs