The 3D thermal, dynamical and chemical structure of the atmosphere of HD 189733b: implications of wind-driven chemistry for the emission phase curve

Abstract

In this paper we present three-dimensional atmospheric simulations of the hot Jupiter HD~189733b under two different scenarios: local chemical equilibrium and including advection of the chemistry by the resolved wind. Our model consistently couples the treatment of dynamics, radiative transfer and chemistry, completing the feedback cycle between these three important processes. The effect of wind--driven advection on the chemical composition is qualitatively similar to our previous results for the warmer atmosphere of HD~209458b, found using the same model. However, we find more significant alterations to both the thermal and dynamical structure for the cooler atmosphere of HD~189733b, with changes in both the temperature and wind velocities reaching $\sim 10\%$. We also present the contribution function, diagnosed from our simulations, and show that wind--driven chemistry has a significant impact on its three--dimensional structure, particularly for regions where methane is an important absorber. Finally, we present emission phase curves from our simulations and show the significant effect of wind--driven chemistry on the thermal emission, particularly within the 3.6 \textmu m Spitzer/IRAC channel.

arXiv commentAccepted in ApJ

References in corpus (54)

• The chemical composition of the Sun
• A continuum from clear to cloudy hot-Jupiter exoplanets without primordial water depletion
• The orbital motion, absolute mass, and high-altitude winds of exoplanet HD209458b
• Atmospheric Circulation and Tides of "51Peg b-like" Planets
• Atmospheric circulation of hot Jupiters: Coupled radiative-dynamical general circulation model simulations of HD 189733b and HD 209458b
• A Temperature and Abundance Retrieval Method for Exoplanet Atmospheres
• Detection of atmospheric haze on an extrasolar planet: The 0.55 - 1.05 micron transmission spectrum of HD189733b with the Hubble Space Telescope
• Disequilibrium Carbon, Oxygen, and Nitrogen Chemistry in the Atmospheres of HD 189733b and HD 209458b
• The prevalence of dust on the exoplanet HD 189733b from Hubble and Spitzer observations
• 3.6 and 4.5 Micron Phase Curves and Evidence for Non-Equilibrium Chemistry in the Atmosphere of Extrasolar Planet HD 189733b
• Transitions in the cloud composition of hot Jupiters
• Homogeneous studies of transiting extrasolar planets. III. Additional planets and stellar models
• Tau-REx I: A next generation retrieval code for exoplanetary atmospheres
• Comparative Planetary Atmospheres: Models of TrES-1 and HD209458b
• Multi-Wavelength Constraints on the Day-Night Circulation Patterns of HD 189733b
• A chemical model for the atmosphere of hot Jupiters
• Dynamics and Disequilibrium Carbon Chemistry in Hot Jupiter Atmospheres, With Application to HD 209458b
• Methane, Carbon Monoxide, and Ammonia in Brown Dwarfs and Self-Luminous Giant Planets
• Atmospheric circulation of tidally locked exoplanets: a suite of benchmark tests for dynamical solvers
• VULCAN: an Open-Source, Validated Chemical Kinetics Python Code for Exoplanetary Atmospheres
• A Time-Dependent Radiative Model of HD209458b
• A consistent retrieval analysis of 10 Hot Jupiters observed in transmission
• The atmospheric circulation of a nine-hot Jupiter sample: Probing circulation and chemistry over a wide phase space
• Accuracy tests of radiation schemes used in hot Jupiter global circulation models
• Atmospheric Circulation of Hot Jupiters: A Shallow Three-Dimensional Model
• Spatially resolved eastward winds and rotation of HD 189733b
• Three-Dimensional Atmospheric Circulation Models of HD 189733b and HD 209458b with Consistent Magnetic Drag and Ohmic Dissipation
• Dust in Brown Dwarfs and Extra-solar Planets I. Chemical composition and spectral appearance of quasi-static cloud layers
• Model atmospheres for massive gas giants with thick clouds: Application to the HR 8799 planets and predictions for future detections
• The Effects of Consistent Chemical Kinetics Calculations on the Pressure-Temperature Profiles and Emission Spectra of Hot Jupiters
• Atmospheric Dynamics of Short-period Extra Solar Gas Giant Planets I: Dependence of Night-Side Temperature on Opacity
• Dynamic mineral clouds on HD 189733b I. 3D RHD with kinetic, non-equilibrium cloud formation
• The 4.5 $\mu$m full-orbit phase curve of the hot Jupiter HD 209458b
• An absolute sodium abundance for a cloud-free 'hot Saturn' exoplanet
• Phase-Dependent Properties of Extrasolar Planet Atmospheres
• Pseudo 2D chemical model of hot Jupiter atmospheres: application to HD 209458b and HD 189733b
• Three Dimensional Radiative Hydrodynamical Simulations of the Highly Irradiated Short Period Exoplanet HD189733b
• Advection of potential temperature in the atmosphere of irradiated exoplanets: a robust mechanism to explain radius inflation
• Treatment of overlapping gaseous absorption with the correlated-k method in hot Jupiter and brown dwarf atmosphere models
• Exploring the climate of Proxima B with the Met Office Unified Model
• A library of ATMO forward model transmission spectra for hot Jupiter exoplanets
• High Temperature Photochemistry in the Atmosphere of HD189733b
• The UK Met Office GCM with a sophisticated radiation scheme applied to the hot Jupiter HD 209458b
• Simulating the cloudy atmospheres of HD 209458 b and HD 189733 b with the 3D Met Office Unified Model
• Detection of a Westward Hotspot Offset in the Atmosphere of a Hot Gas Giant CoRoT-2b
• Results from a set of three-dimensional numerical experiments of a hot Jupiter atmosphere
• Observable signatures of wind--driven chemistry with a fully consistent three dimensional radiative hydrodynamics model of HD 209458b
• Towards Consistent Modeling of Atmospheric Chemistry and Dynamics in Exoplanets: Validation and Generalization of Chemical Relaxation Method
• The effect of metallicity on the atmospheres of exoplanets with fully coupled 3D hydrodynamics, equilibrium chemistry, and radiative transfer
• Exonephology: Transmission spectra from a 3D simulated cloudy atmosphere of HD209458b
• Modeling the effects of inhomogeneous aerosols on the hot Jupiter Kepler-7b's atmospheric circulation
• The influence of a sub-stellar continent on the climate of a tidally-locked exoplanet
• Wavelength Does Not Equal Pressure: Vertical Contribution Functions and their Implications for Mapping Hot Jupiters
• Dynamic mineral clouds on HD 189733b II. Monte Carlo radiative transfer for 3D cloudy exoplanet atmospheres: combining scattering and emission spectra

Cited by in corpus (47)

• Beyond Equilibrium Temperature: How the Atmosphere/Interior Connection Affects the Onset of Methane, Ammonia, and Clouds in Warm Transiting Giant Planets
• The cloudy shape of hot Jupiter thermal phase curves
• Hot Jupiters: Origins, Structure, Atmospheres
• Atmospheric Dynamics of Hot Giant Planets and Brown Dwarfs
• Aerosols in Exoplanet Atmospheres
• The High-Resolution Transmission Spectrum of HD 189733b Interpreted with Atmospheric Doppler Shifts from Three-Dimensional General Circulation Models
• Implications of three-dimensional chemical transport in hot Jupiter atmospheres: results from a consistently coupled chemistry-radiation-hydrodynamics model
• Vertically resolved magma ocean-protoatmosphere evolution: H${}_2$, H${}_2$O, CO${}_2$, CH${}_4$, CO, O${}_2$, and N${}_2$ as primary absorbers
• Exoplanet atmospheres with GIANO II. Detection of molecular absorption in the dayside spectrum of HD 102195b
• Vertical Tracer Mixing in Hot Jupiter Atmospheres
• 2.5-D retrieval of atmospheric properties from exoplanet phase curves: Application to WASP-43b observations
• The Effect of 3D Transport-Induced Disequilibrium Carbon Chemistry on the Atmospheric Structure and Phase Curves and Emission Spectra of Hot Jupiter HD 189733b
• A Library of Self-Consistent Simulated Exoplanet Atmospheres
• Grid of Pseudo-2D Chemistry Models for Tidally-Locked Exoplanets. I. The Role of Vertical and Horizontal Mixing
• Observability of signatures of transport-induced chemistry in clear atmospheres of hot gas giant exoplanets
• 3D radiative-transfer for exoplanet atmospheres. gCMCRT: a GPU accelerated MCRT code
• WASP-127b transmission spectrum]{Abundance measurements of H${}_2$O and carbon-bearing species in the atmosphere of WASP-127b confirm its super-solar metallicity
• Overcast on Osiris: 3D radiative-hydrodynamical simulations of a cloudy hot Jupiter using the parameterised, phase-equilibrium cloud formation code EddySed
• Sulfur Chemistry in the Atmospheres of Warm and Hot Jupiters
• Implementation of disequilibrium chemistry to spectral retrieval code ARCiS and application to sixteen exoplanet transmission spectra: Indication of disequilibrium chemistry for HD 209458b and WASP-39b
• 3D modelling of the impact of stellar activity on tidally locked terrestrial exoplanets: atmospheric composition and habitability
• 2D Retrieval Frameworks for Hot Jupiter Phase Curves
• Detection of Na, K and H${}_2$O in the hazy atmosphere of WASP-6b
• THOR 2.0: Major Improvements to the Open-Source General Circulation Model
• Mineral cloud and hydrocarbon haze particles in the atmosphere of the hot Jupiter JWST target WASP-43b
• The Impact of Mixing Treatments on Cloud Modelling in 3D Simulations of Hot Jupiters
• Grid of pseudo-2D chemistry models for tidally locked exoplanets -- II. The role of photochemistry
• A reduced chemical scheme for modelling warm to hot hydrogen-dominated atmospheres
• Exoplanet weather and climate regimes with clouds and thermal ionospheres: A model grid study in support of large-scale observational campaigns
• The carbon-to-oxygen ratio: implications for the spectra of hydrogen-dominated exoplanet atmospheres
• MOVES IV. Modelling the influence of stellar XUV-flux, cosmic rays, and stellar energetic particles on the atmospheric composition of the hot Jupiter HD 189733b
• Photochemical hazes dramatically alter temperature structure and atmospheric circulation in 3D simulations of hot Jupiters
• Beyond runaway: initiation of the post-runaway greenhouse state on rocky exoplanets
• Implications of different stellar spectra for the climate of tidally-locked Earth-like exoplanets
• Understanding the atmospheric properties and chemical composition of the ultra-hot Jupiter HAT-P-7b II. Mapping the effects of gas kinetics
• Stellar impact on disequilibrium chemistry and on observed spectra of hot Jupiter atmospheres
• The Acceleration of Superrotation in Simulated Hot Jupiter Atmospheres
• Mapping Exoplanets
• A Direct Comparison between the use of Double Gray and Multiwavelength Radiative Transfer in a General Circulation Model with and without Radiatively Active Clouds
• A formally motivated retrieval framework applied to the high resolution transmission spectrum of HD 189733 b
• Photodissociation and induced chemical asymmetries on ultra-hot gas giants. A case study of HCN on WASP-76 b
• ARES VI: Viability of one-dimensional retrieval models for transmission spectroscopy characterization of exo-atmospheres in the era of JWST and Ariel
• Signature of the atmospheric asymmetries of hot and ultra-hot Jupiters in lightcurves
• Examining NHD vs QHD in the GCM THOR with non-grey radiative transfer for the hot Jupiter regime
• Global flow regimes of hot Jupiters
• Global Chemistry and Thermal Structure Models for the Hot Jupiter WASP-43b and Predictions for JWST
• GCM-Motivated Multidimensional Temperature Parametrization Scheme for Phasecurve Retrieval