Generalized HydroDynamics on an Atom Chip

Abstract

The emergence of a special type of fluid-like behavior at large scales in one-dimensional (1d) quantum integrable systems, theoretically predicted in 2016, is established experimentally, by monitoring the time evolution of the in situ density profile of a single 1d cloud of ${}^{87}\mathrm{Rb}$ atoms trapped on an atom chip after a quench of the longitudinal trapping potential. The theory can be viewed as a dynamical extension of the thermodynamics of Yang and Yang, and applies to the whole range of repulsion strength and temperature of the gas. The measurements, performed on weakly interacting atomic clouds that lie at the crossover between the quasicondensate and the ideal Bose gas regimes, are in very good agreement with the 2016 theory. This contrasts with the previously existing 'conventional' hydrodynamic approach---that relies on the assumption of local thermal equilibrium---, which is unable to reproduce the experimental data.

v1: 6+11 pages, 4+4 figures. v2: published version, 6+11 pages, 4+6 figures

References in corpus (43)

• Atomic Scattering in Presence of an External Confinement and a Gas of Impenetrable Bosons
• Transport in Out-of-Equilibrium XXZ Chains: Exact Profiles of Charges and Currents
• Emergent hydrodynamics in integrable quantum systems out of equilibrium
• Fermi gases in one dimension: From Bethe Ansatz to experiments
• Dynamics and statistical mechanics of ultra-cold Bose gases using c-field techniques
• A one-dimensional liquid of fermions with tunable spin
• Bosonizing one-dimensional cold atomic gases
• Hydrodynamic Diffusion in Integrable Systems
• Extension of Bogoliubov theory to quasi-condensates
• Quasilocal charges in integrable lattice systems
• Collective oscillations of a 1D trapped Bose gas
• Bethe-Boltzmann Hydrodynamics and Spin Transport in the XXZ Chain
• Soliton gases and generalized hydrodynamics
• Yang-Yang thermodynamics on an atom chip
• Pair correlations in a finite-temperature 1D Bose gas
• Solvable Hydrodynamics of Quantum Integrable Systems
• Thermalization near integrability in a dipolar quantum Newton's cradle
• Large-scale description of interacting one-dimensional Bose gases: generalized hydrodynamics supersedes conventional hydrodynamics
• Microscopic origin of ideal conductivity in integrable quantum models
• Ballistic transport in the one-dimensional Hubbard model: the hydrodynamic approach
• Analytic solution of the Domain Wall non-equilibrium stationary state
• Transport in out-of-equilibrium XXZ chains: non-ballistic behavior and correlation functions
• Sub-Poissonian fluctuations in a 1D Bose gas: from the quantum quasi-condensate to the strongly interacting regime
• Dynamics of Bose condensed gases in highly deformed traps
• A note on generalized hydrodynamics: inhomogeneous fields and other concepts
• Dynamics of hard rods with initial domain wall state
• A geometric viewpoint on generalized hydrodynamics
• Drude Weight for the Lieb-Liniger Bose Gas
• Non-equilibrium spin transport in integrable spin chains: persistent currents and emergence of magnetic domains
• Generalized TBA and generalized Gibbs
• Higher-Order Hydrodynamics in 1D: a Promising Direction and a Null Result
• Generalized hydrodynamics of classical integrable field theory: the sinh-Gordon model
• A comparison between microscopic methods for finite temperature Bose gases
• Thermodynamics of Strongly Correlated One-Dimensional Bose Gases
• Momentum distribution of 1D Bose gases at the quasi-condensation crossover: theoretical and experimental investigation
• Coherence properties of a continuous atom laser
• From the sinh-Gordon field theory to the one-dimensional Bose gas: exact local correlations and full counting statistics
• Two-body momentum correlations in a weakly interacting one-dimensional Bose gas
• Finite-temperature hydrodynamics for one-dimensional Bose gases: Breathing mode oscillations as a case study
• Exact nonequilibrium dynamics of finite-temperature Tonks-Girardeau gases
• On Classical Integrability of the Hydrodynamics of Quantum Integrable Systems
• Quantum Shock Waves and Population Inversion in Collisions of Ultracold Atomic Clouds
• Hydrodynamic VS collisionless dynamics of a 1D harmonically trapped Bose gas

Cited by in corpus (197)

• Finite-temperature transport in one-dimensional quantum lattice models
• Diffusion in generalized hydrodynamics and quasiparticle scattering
• Roadmap on Atomtronics: State of the art and perspective
• Lecture notes on Generalised Hydrodynamics
• Generalized hydrodynamics in strongly interacting 1D Bose gases
• Quantum Generalized Hydrodynamics
• Generalized hydrodynamics with space-time inhomogeneous interactions
• Detection of Kardar-Parisi-Zhang hydrodynamics in a quantum Heisenberg spin-$1/2$ chain
• Superdiffusion in spin chains
• Diffusive hydrodynamics from integrability breaking
• Observation of Dynamical Fermionization
• Correlation functions and transport coefficients in generalised hydrodynamics
• Anomalous spin diffusion in one-dimensional antiferromagnets
• Generalized Hydrodynamics in the 1D Bose gas: theory and experiments
• Extension of the Generalized Hydrodynamics to the Dimensional Crossover Regime
• Non-Equilibrium Dynamics and Weakly Broken Integrability
• Hydrodynamics of weak integrability breaking
• Entanglement evolution and generalised hydrodynamics: interacting integrable systems
• Hydrodynamic approach to two-dimensional electron systems
• Few-body Bose gases in low dimensions -- a laboratory for quantum dynamics
• Breakdown of hydrodynamics below four dimensions in a fracton fluid
• Constructing Integrable Lindblad Superoperators
• Kardar-Parisi-Zhang universality from soft gauge modes
• Emergent hydrodynamics in a strongly interacting dipolar spin ensemble
• Thermalisation of a trapped one-dimensional Bose gas via diffusion
• Open Quantum Symmetric Simple Exclusion Process
• Stability of superdiffusion in nearly integrable spin chains
• Fluctuations in ballistic transport from Euler hydrodynamics
• The effect of atom losses on the distribution of rapidities in the one-dimensional Bose gas
• Transport fluctuations in integrable models out of equilibrium
• Generalised hydrodynamics with dephasing noise
• Current operators in Bethe Ansatz and Generalized Hydrodynamics: An exact quantum/classical correspondence
• Anomalous relaxation and the high-temperature structure factor of XXZ spin chains
• Strong correlations in lossy one-dimensional quantum gases: from the quantum Zeno effect to the generalized Gibbs ensemble
• Conformal field theory on top of a breathing one-dimensional gas of hard core bosons
• Integrable many-body quantum Floquet-Thouless pumps
• Universality classes of spin transport in one-dimensional isotropic magnets: the onset of logarithmic anomalies
• Ballistic macroscopic fluctuation theory
• The Folded Spin-1/2 XXZ Model: II. Thermodynamics and Hydrodynamics with a Minimal Set of Charges
• Locally quasi-stationary states in noninteracting spin chains
• Onset of many-body quantum chaos due to breaking integrability
• A short introduction to Generalized Hydrodynamics
• Absence of Normal Fluctuations in an Integrable Magnet
• Hydrodynamic projections and the emergence of linearised Euler equations in one-dimensional isolated systems
• Generalized hydrodynamics of the KdV soliton gas
• Generalized hydrodynamics regime from the thermodynamic bootstrap program
• Emergence of hydrodynamic spatial long-range correlations in nonequilibrium many-body systems
• Domain wall problem in the quantum XXZ chain and semiclassical behavior close to the isotropic point
• Form factors and generalized hydrodynamics for integrable systems
• Generalized hydrodynamics: a perspective
• Anomalous transport from hot quasiparticles in interacting spin chains
• Temporal Entanglement in Chaotic Quantum Circuits
• Emergent Pauli blocking in a weakly interacting Bose gas
• Direct observation of hydrodynamization and local prethermalization
• Hydrodynamics of nonintegrable systems from a relaxation-time approximation
• Introducing iFluid: a numerical framework for solving hydrodynamical equations in integrable models
• Generalized Hydrodynamic approach to charge and energy currents in the one-dimensional Hubbard model
• Kinetic theory of quantum and classical Toda lattices
• The one-dimensional Bose gas with strong two-body losses: the effect of the harmonic confinement
• Relaxation of Bosons in One Dimension and the Onset of Dimensional Crossover
• Strongly interacting trapped one-dimensional quantum gases: an exact solution
• Statistical mechanics of an integrable system
• Quench action and large deviations: work statistics in the one-dimensional Bose gas
• Generalized Hydrodynamics of the attractive Non-Linear Schroedinger Equation
• Exact entanglement growth of a one-dimensional hard-core quantum gas during a free expansion
• Exact hydrodynamic solution of a double domain wall melting in the spin-1/2 XXZ model
• Hydrodynamic gauge fixing and higher order hydrodynamic expansion
• Generalized hydrodynamics study of the one-dimensional Hubbard model: Stationary clogging and proportionality of spin, charge, and energy currents
• Thermalization of a quantum Newton's cradle in a one-dimensional quasicondensate
• Exact Thermodynamics and Transport in the Classical Sine-Gordon Model
• $Large-scale$ thermalization, prethermalization and impact of the temperature in the quench dynamics of two unequal Luttinger liquids
• Ballistic transport and boundary resistances in inhomogeneous quantum spin chains
• Exact out-of-equilibrium steady states in the semiclassical limit of the interacting Bose gas
• Microscopic theory of the fluctuating hydrodynamics in nonlinear lattices
• Diffusive Hydrodynamics of Inhomogenous Hamiltonians
• Euler-scale dynamical correlations in integrable systems with fluid motion
• Real-time spin-charge separation in one-dimensional Fermi gases from generalized hydrodynamics
• Thermal transport in $T\bar{T}$-deformed conformal field theories: from integrability to holography
• Exact hydrodynamic description of symmetry-resolved Rényi entropies after a quantum quench
• Thermalization of interacting quasi-one-dimensional systems
• Prethermalisation and Thermalisation in the Entanglement Dynamics
• Adiabatic formation of bound states in the 1d Bose gas
• Exploiting disorder to probe spin and energy hydrodynamics
• Density Oscillations Induced by Individual Ultracold Two-Body Collisions
• The sine-Gordon model from coupled condensates: a Generalized Hydrodynamics viewpoint
• Integrable quenches in the Hubbard model
• Real-Time Evolution in the Hubbard Model with Infinite Repulsion
• Entanglement spreading and quasiparticle picture beyond the pair structure
• The GGE averaged currents of the classical Toda chain
• Generalized thermalization in quantum-chaotic quadratic Hamiltonians
• Emergence and disruption of spin-charge separation in one-dimensional repulsive fermions
• Solution of the BEC to BCS Quench in One Dimension
• Spatiotemporal Crossover between Low- and High-Temperature Dynamical Regimes in the Quantum Heisenberg Magnet
• Linearized regime of the generalized hydrodynamics with diffusion
• Engineering generalized Gibbs ensembles with trapped ions
• Euler-scale dynamical fluctuations in non-equilibrium interacting integrable systems
• Probing the local rapidity distribution of a 1D Bose gas
• How generalized hydrodynamics time evolution arises from a form factor expansion
• Hydrodynamic Equations for the Toda Lattice
• Molecular dynamics simulation of entanglement spreading in generalized hydrodynamics
• Superdiffusion from nonabelian symmetries in nearly integrable systems
• Finite temperature dynamics in gapped 1D models in the sine-Gordon family
• Interplay between transport and quantum coherences in free fermionic systems
• The dissipative Generalized Hydrodynamic equations and their numerical solution
• Integrability breaking in the one dimensional Bose gas: Atomic losses and energy loss
• Variational optimization of continuous matrix product states
• Systematic strong coupling expansion for out-of-equilibrium dynamics in the Lieb-Liniger model
• Full Counting Statistics of Charge in Quenched Quantum Gases
• Thermodynamics and fractal Drude weights in the sine-Gordon model
• BBGKY Hierarchy and Generalised Hydrodynamics
• Scaling of fronts and entanglement spreading during a domain wall melting
• Diffusive hydrodynamics from long-range correlations
• Effects of atom losses on a one-dimensional lattice gas of hardcore bosons
• Free energy fluxes and the Kubo-Martin-Schwinger relation
• Emergent ballistic transport of Bose-Fermi mixtures in one dimension
• Anisotropic Landau-Lifshitz Model in Discrete Space-Time
• Non-equilibrium dynamics of the anyonic Tonks-Girardeau gas at finite temperature
• Hydrodynamics of massless integrable RG flows and a non-equilibrium c-theorem
• Correlation and entanglement spreading in nested spin chains
• The Whitham approach to Generalized Hydrodynamics
• Transport and entanglement across integrable impurities from Generalized Hydrodynamics
• Popcorn Drude weights from quantum symmetry
• Long-lived Solitons and Their Signatures in the Classical Heisenberg Chain
• Dynamics of Spin Helices in the One-Dimensional $XX$ Model
• Spatio-temporal spread of perturbations in power-law models at low temperatures: Exact results for OTOC
• Slow relaxation of out-of-time-ordered correlators in interacting integrable and nonintegrable spin-1/2 XYZ chains
• Dynamical fermionization in a one-dimensional Bose-Fermi mixture
• New classical integrable systems from generalized $T\bar{T}$-deformations
• Integrability breaking from backscattering
• Platforms for the realization and characterization of Tomonaga-Luttinger liquids
• The two particle-hole pairs contribution to the dynamic correlation functions of quantum integrable models
• Generalized-Hydrodynamic approach to Inhomogeneous Quenches: Correlations, Entanglement and Quantum Effects
• Iterative construction of conserved quantities in dissipative nearly integrable systems
• Benchmarks of Generalized Hydrodynamics for 1D Bose Gases
• One-particle density matrix and momentum distribution of the out-of-equilibrium 1D Tonks-Girardeau gas: Analytical results at large $N$
• On the Hydrodynamics of Unstable Excitations
• Navier-Stokes equations for nearly integrable quantum gases
• Characterising transport in a quantum gas by measuring Drude weights
• Revised Enskog equation for hard rods
• Hydrodynamics of quantum spin liquids
• Thermodynamic Bethe Ansatz and Generalised Hydrodynamics in the sine-Gordon model
• Wigner dynamics for quantum gases under inhomogeneous gain and loss processes with dephasing
• Duality between weak and strong interactions in quantum gases
• Quantum corrections to the classical field approximation for one-dimensional quantum many-body systems in equilibrium
• Navier-Stokes Equations for Low-Temperature One-Dimensional Fluids
• The Staircase Model: Massless Flows and Hydrodynamics
• The propagator of the finite XXZ spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ chain
• Soliton gas of the integrable Boussinesq equation and its generalised hydrodynamics
• Quantum jamming brings quantum mechanics to macroscopic scales
• Connected correlations in partitioning protocols: a case study and beyond
• Exact spectral function of the Tonks-Girardeau gas at finite temperature
• Dynamical fermionization in one-dimensional spinor gases at finite temperature
• Identifying diffusive length scales in one-dimensional Bose gases
• Spin incoherent liquid and interaction-driven criticality in 1D Hubbard model
• Viscous Flow in a 1D Spin-Polarized Fermi Gas: the Role of Integrability on Viscosity
• The Theory of Generalised Hydrodynamics for the One-dimensional Bose Gas
• Experimental Investigation of a Bipartite Quench in a 1D Bose gas
• Dynamical separation of charge and energy transport in one-dimensional Mott insulators
• Emergent Infrared Conformal Dynamics in Strongly Interacting Quantum Gases
• Quantum Generalized Hydrodynamics of the Tonks-Girardeau gas: density fluctuations and entanglement entropy
• Emergence of generalized hydrodynamics in the non-local Luttinger model
• Exact Spin Correlators of Integrable Quantum Circuits from Algebraic Geometry
• Integrable hydrodynamics of Toda chain: case of small systems
• Phase-space stochastic quantum hydrodynamics for interacting Bose gases
• Simulating generalised fluids via interacting wave packets evolution
• Conserved densities of hard rods: microscopic to hydrodynamic solutions
• A hydrodynamic approach to Stark localization
• Wavelet representation of hardcore bosons
• Nonequilibrium dynamics in one-dimensional strongly interacting two-component gases
• Quasicondensation and off-diagonal long-range order of hard-core bosons during a free expansion
• Quantum fluctuating theory for one-dimensional shock waves
• Chapman-Enskog theory and crossover between diffusion and superdiffusion for nearly integrable quantum gases
• Anomalous charge transport in the sine-Gordon model
• Strong interaction induced dimensional crossover in 1D quantum gas
• Non-Equilibrium Steady State of the Lieb-Liniger model: exact treatment of the Tonks Girardeau limit
• Hydrodynamic non-linear response of interacting integrable systems
• On computing non-equilibrium dynamics following a quench
• Tails of Instability and Decay: a Hydrodynamic Perspective
• Dynamic structure factor of quantum hard rods from exact form-factors
• Caustics in the sine-Gordon model from quenches in coupled 1D Bose gases
• Exact solution to a Bhatnagar-Gross-Krook-type equation for quantum lattice gases with dephasing noise
• Timescales and necessary conditions for hydrodynamization in one-dimensional Bose gases
• Inhomogeneous quantum quenches in the sine-Gordon theory
• Entanglement dynamics of a hard-core quantum gas during a Joule expansion
• Particle-hole origin of thermal beating in dipole-compression modes of a 1D Bose gas
• Effects of intertube dipole-dipole interactions in nearly integrable one-dimensional ${}^{162}$Dy gases
• Symmetry-based nonlinear fluctuating hydrodynamics in one dimension
• Enhanced performance of sudden-quench quantum Otto cycles via multi-parameter control
• Bound-state confinement after trap-expansion dynamics in integrable systems
• Exotic critical states as fractional Fermi seas in the one-dimensional Bose gas
• Reflection phase shifts of bouncing Bogoliubov waves
• Inhomogeneous quenches and GHD in the $\nu =1$ QSSEP model
• Macroscopic Quantum States and Universal Correlations in a Disorder-Order Interface Propagating over a 1D Ground State
• Nonlinear dispersive regularization of inviscid gas dynamics
• Lax random matrices from Calogero systems
• Quantum transport in 1D Hubbard model: Drude weights and Seebeck effect
• Volume-law entanglement entropy of typical pure quantum states