Inhomogeneous quantum quenches in the sine-Gordon theory
arXiv:2109.06869 · doi:10.21468/SciPostPhys.12.5.144
Abstract
We study inhomogeneous quantum quenches in the attractive regime of the sine-Gordon model. In our protocol, the system is prepared in an inhomogeneous initial state in finite volume by coupling the topological charge density operator to a Gaussian external field. After switching off the external field, the subsequent time evolution is governed by the homogeneous sine-Gordon Hamiltonian. Varying either the interaction strength of the sine-Gordon model or the amplitude of the external source field, an interesting transition is observed in the expectation value of the soliton density. This affects both the initial profile of the density and its time evolution and can be summarised as a steep transition between behaviours reminiscent of the Klein-Gordon, and the free massive Dirac fermion theory with initial external fields of high enough magnitude. The transition in the initial state is also displayed by the classical sine-Gordon theory and hence can be understood by semi-classical considerations in terms of the presence of small amplitude field configurations and the appearance of soliton excitations, which are naturally associated with bosonic and fermionic excitations on the quantum level, respectively. Features of the quantum dynamics are also consistent with this correspondence and comparing them to the classical evolution of the density profile reveals that quantum effects become markedly pronounced during the time evolution. These results suggest a crossover between the dominance of bosonic and fermionic degrees of freedom whose precise identification in terms of the fundamental particle excitations can be rather non-trivial. Nevertheless, their interplay is expected to influence the sine-Gordon dynamics in arbitrary inhomogeneous settings.
arXiv comment26+18 pages, 12+4 figures
References in corpus (80)
- Nonequilibrium dynamics of closed interacting quantum systems
- Time-dependence of correlation functions following a quantum quench
- Equilibration, thermalisation, and the emergence of statistical mechanics in closed quantum systems
- Transport in Out-of-Equilibrium XXZ Chains: Exact Profiles of Charges and Currents
- Experimental Observation of a Generalized Gibbs Ensemble
- Emergent hydrodynamics in integrable quantum systems out of equilibrium
- Quantum Algorithms for Quantum Field Theories
- Spin transport in a one-dimensional anisotropic Heisenberg model
- Generalized HydroDynamics on an Atom Chip
- Spin diffusion from an inhomogeneous quench in an integrable system
- Bethe-Boltzmann Hydrodynamics and Spin Transport in the XXZ Chain
- Soliton gases and generalized hydrodynamics
- Real-time dynamics in spin-1/2 chains with adaptive time-dependent DMRG
- On solving quantum many-body problems by experiment
- Diffusion and ballistic transport in one-dimensional quantum systems
- Solvable Hydrodynamics of Quantum Integrable Systems
- Transport in the XX chain at zero temperature: Emergence of flat magnetization profiles
- Large-scale description of interacting one-dimensional Bose gases: generalized hydrodynamics supersedes conventional hydrodynamics
- Microscopic origin of ideal conductivity in integrable quantum models
- Ballistic transport in the one-dimensional Hubbard model: the hydrodynamic approach
- A note on generalized hydrodynamics: inhomogeneous fields and other concepts
- Dynamics of hard rods with initial domain wall state
- A geometric viewpoint on generalized hydrodynamics
- Linear response theory for a pair of coupled one-dimensional condensates of interacting atoms
- A Cheap Alternative to the Lattice?
- Real-time Dynamics in U(1) Lattice Gauge Theories with Tensor Networks
- Non-equilibrium spin transport in integrable spin chains: persistent currents and emergence of magnetic domains
- Real-time and real-space spin- and energy dynamics in one-dimensional spin-1/2 systems induced by local quantum quenches at finite temperatures
- Recurrences in an isolated quantum many-body system
- Relaxation to a Phase-locked Equilibrium State in a One-dimensional Bosonic Josephson Junction
- Quantum Quenches in an XXZ Spin Chain from a Spatially Inhomogeneous Initial State
- Nonlinear Integral Equation and Finite Volume Spectrum of Sine-Gordon Theory
- Spectroscopy of Collective Excitations in Interacting Low-Dimensional Many-Body Systems Using Quench Dynamics
- Hydrodynamics of the interacting Bose gas in the Quantum Newton Cradle setup
- Schwinger pair production with ultracold atoms
- Hamiltonian truncation approach to quenches in the Ising field theory
- Dynamic scaling of fronts in the quantum XX chain
- Truncated Conformal Space at c=1, Nonlinear Integral Equation and Quantization Rules for Multi-Soliton States
- Inhomogeneous Quantum Quenches
- Thermalisation of a trapped one-dimensional Bose gas via diffusion
- Universal Rephasing Dynamics after a Quantum Quench via Sudden Coupling of Two Initially Independent Condensates
- A Numerical Renormalization Group for Continuum One-Dimensional Systems
- Relaxation in the XX quantum chain
- Real-time dynamics of string breaking in quantum spin chains
- Correlation Functions of the Quantum Sine-Gordon Model in and out of Equilibrium
- Transport in the sine-Gordon field theory: from generalized hydrodynamics to semiclassics
- Spin transport in the XXZ chain at finite temperature and momentum
- The quantum sine-Gordon model with quantum circuits
- Designing Arbitrary One-dimensional Potentials on an Atom Chip
- Current operators in Bethe Ansatz and Generalized Hydrodynamics: An exact quantum/classical correspondence
- Overlaps after quantum quenches in the sine-Gordon model
- Fate of the false vacuum: towards realization with ultra-cold atoms
- Energy transport in an integrable parafermionic chain via generalized hydrodynamics
- Non-equilibrium time evolution and rephasing in the quantum sine-Gordon model
- The renormalisation group for the truncated conformal space approach on the cylinder
- Extracting the field theory description of a quantum many-body system from experimental data
- Excited state TBA and renormalized TCSA in the scaling Potts model
- Quench dynamics of the Ising field theory in a magnetic field
- Decay and recurrence of non-Gaussian correlations in a quantum many-body system
- Low-Temperature Transport in Out-of-Equilibrium XXZ Chains
- Subdiffusive front scaling in interacting integrable models
- The universe on a table top: engineering quantum decay of a relativistic scalar field from a metastable vacuum
- Non-equilibrium dynamics of coupled Luttinger liquids
- Nonlinear Dynamics of the Cold Atom Analog False Vacuum
- Analytical Pendulum Model for a Bosonic Josephson Junction
- Relaxation dynamics of two coherently coupled one-dimensional bosonic gases
- The fate of the false vacuum: Finite temperature, entropy and topological phase in quantum simulations of the early universe
- Quantum quench in 1D: Coherent inhomogeneity amplification and 'supersolitons'
- thermalization, prethermalization and impact of the temperature in the quench dynamics of two unequal Luttinger liquids
- Kibble-Zurek mechanism in the Ising Field Theory
- Self-consistent time-dependent harmonic approximation for the sine-Gordon model out of equilibrium
- A Renormalisation group for TCSA
- Semiclassical theory of front propagation and front equilibration following an inhomogeneous quantum quench
- Josephson oscillations in split one-dimensional Bose gases
- Relaxation in an Extended Bosonic Josephson Junction
- Simulating a quantum commensurate-incommensurate phase transition using two Raman coupled one dimensional condensates
- One-point functions in finite volume/temperature: a case study
- Thermalization Dynamics of Two Correlated Bosonic Quantum Wires After a Split
- On the Hydrodynamics of Unstable Excitations
- Quantum Generalized Hydrodynamics of the Tonks-Girardeau gas: density fluctuations and entanglement entropy