Real-time spin-charge separation in one-dimensional Fermi gases from generalized hydrodynamics

Abstract

We revisit early suggestions to observe spin-charge separation (SCS) in cold-atom settings {in the time domain} by studying one-dimensional repulsive Fermi gases in a harmonic potential, where pulse perturbations are initially created at the center of the trap. We analyze the subsequent evolution using generalized hydrodynamics (GHD), which provides an exact description, at large space-time scales, for arbitrary temperature $T$, particle density, and interactions. At $T=0$ and vanishing magnetic field, we find that, after a nontrivial transient regime, spin and charge dynamically decouple up to perturbatively small corrections which we quantify. In this limit, our results can be understood based on a simple phase-space hydrodynamic picture. At finite temperature, we solve numerically the GHD equations, showing that for low $T>0$ effects of SCS survive and {characterize} explicitly the value of $T$ for which the two distinguishable excitations melt.

12 pages, 7 figures; v2: modified layout; corrected some typos

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Cited by in corpus (18)

• Hydrodynamic gauge fixing and higher order hydrodynamic expansion
• The sine-Gordon model from coupled condensates: a Generalized Hydrodynamics viewpoint
• Integrable quenches in the Hubbard model
• Real-Time Evolution in the Hubbard Model with Infinite Repulsion
• Scaling of fronts and entanglement spreading during a domain wall melting
• Transport and entanglement across integrable impurities from Generalized Hydrodynamics
• Dynamical fermionization in a one-dimensional Bose-Fermi mixture
• Generalized-Hydrodynamic approach to Inhomogeneous Quenches: Correlations, Entanglement and Quantum Effects
• Navier-Stokes Equations for Low-Temperature One-Dimensional Fluids
• Dynamical fermionization in one-dimensional spinor gases at finite temperature
• Dynamical separation of charge and energy transport in one-dimensional Mott insulators
• Spin-charge correlations in finite one-dimensional multi-band Fermi systems
• Particle Scattering and Fusion for the Ablowitz-Ladik Chain
• Quantum fluctuating theory for one-dimensional shock waves
• Nonequilibrium dynamics in one-dimensional strongly interacting two-component gases
• Loss-induced quantum information jet in an infinite temperature Hubbard chain
• Nonlinear effects on charge fractionalization in critical chains
• Expansion of one-dimensional spinor gases from power-law traps