Fitting the radial acceleration relation to individual SPARC galaxies

Abstract

Galaxies follow a tight radial acceleration relation (RAR): the acceleration observed at every radius correlates with that expected from the distribution of baryons. We use the Markov Chain Monte Carlo method to fit the mean RAR to 175 individual galaxies in the SPARC database, marginalizing over stellar mass-to-light ratio (${{\rm Y}}_{\star }$), galaxy distance, and disk inclination. Acceptable fits with astrophysically reasonable parameters are found for the vast majority of galaxies. The residuals around these fits have an rms scatter of only 0.057 dex ($\sim$13$\%$). This is in agreement with the predictions of modified Newtonian dynamics (MOND). We further consider a generalized version of the RAR that, unlike MOND, permits galaxy-to-galaxy variation in the critical acceleration scale. The fits are not improved with this additional freedom: there is no credible indication of variation in the critical acceleration scale. The data are consistent with the action of a single effective force law. The apparent universality of the acceleration scale and the small residual scatter are key to understanding galaxies.

12 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables. Accepted for publication in A&A. The same as the first version with typos corrected. A set of 175 figures is available at http://astroweb.cwru.edu/SPARC/

References in corpus (19)

• High-Resolution Rotation Curves and Galaxy Mass Models from THINGS
• SPARC: Mass Models for 175 Disk Galaxies with Spitzer Photometry and Accurate Rotation Curves
• The Radial Acceleration Relation in Rotationally Supported Galaxies
• One Law To Rule Them All: The Radial Acceleration Relation of Galaxies
• Color--Mass-to-Light Ratio Relations for Disk Galaxies
• The rotation curves shapes of late-type dwarf galaxies
• Weighing Galaxy Disks with the Baryonic Tully-Fisher Relation
• THINGS about MOND
• Model of Dark Matter and Dark Energy Based on Gravitational Polarization
• An Alternative to Particle Dark Matter
• A statistical investigation of the mass discrepancy-acceleration relation
• Λ CDM is Consistent with SPARC Radial Acceleration Relation
• The scatter, residual correlations and curvature of the SPARC baryonic Tully-Fisher relation
• Testing Verlinde's Emergent Gravity with the Radial Acceleration Relation
• The Third Law of Galactic Rotation
• The distribution of dark and luminous matter inferred from extended rotation curves
• Global Deep-MOND Parameter as a Theory Discriminant
• Being WISE II: Reducing the Influence of Star Formation History on the Mass-to-Light Ratio of Quiescent Galaxies
• Radial acceleration relation and dissipative dark matter

Cited by in corpus (122)

• The baryonic Tully-Fisher relation for different velocity definitions and implications for galaxy angular momentum
• From galactic bars to the Hubble tension: weighing up the astrophysical evidence for Milgromian gravity
• Reconciling the Diversity and Uniformity of Galactic Rotation Curves with Self-Interacting Dark Matter
• Baryonic clues to the puzzling diversity of dwarf galaxy rotation curves
• Peak star formation efficiency and no missing baryons in massive spirals
• Dark matters on the scale of galaxies
• Absence of a fundamental acceleration scale in galaxies
• A massive blow for $\Lambda$CDM $-$ the high redshift, mass, and collision velocity of the interacting galaxy cluster El Gordo contradicts concordance cosmology
• Predictions and Outcomes for the Dynamics of Rotating Galaxies
• Testing Gravity with wide binary stars like $\alpha$ Centauri
• The Weak Lensing Radial Acceleration Relation: Constraining Modified Gravity and Cold Dark Matter theories with KiDS-1000
• The Radial Acceleration Relation in CLASH Galaxy Clusters
• MOND vs. dark matter in light of historical parallels
• The distribution and morphologies of Fornax Cluster dwarf galaxies suggest they lack dark matter
• Strong constraints on the gravitational law from $Gaia$ DR3 wide binaries
• The gravitational field of X-COP galaxy clusters
• A constant characteristic volume density of dark matter haloes from SPARC rotation curve fits
• MOND in galaxy groups: a superior sample
• Gas dynamics in dwarf galaxies as testbeds for dark matter and galaxy evolution
• NIHAO XVIII: Origin of the MOND phenomenology of galactic rotation curves in a LCDM universe
• The Radial Acceleration Relation (RAR): the crucial cases of Dwarf Discs and of Low Surface Brightness galaxies
• 3D hydrodynamic simulations for the formation of the Local Group satellite planes
• A common Milgromian acceleration scale in nature
• Modified Gravity (MOG) fits to observed radial acceleration of SPARC galaxies
• The global stability of M33 in MOND
• Dark matter-baryon scaling relations from Einasto halo fits to SPARC galaxy rotation curves
• Barred spiral galaxies in modified gravity theories
• Constraints on Chameleon f(R)-Gravity from Galaxy Rotation Curves of the SPARC Sample
• Is there a fundamental acceleration scale in galaxies?
• Probing the radial acceleration relation and the strong equivalence principle with the Coma cluster ultra-diffuse galaxies
• The Star Formation History and Dynamics of the Ultra-diffuse Galaxy Dragonfly 44 in MOND and MOG
• Cotton gravity and 84 galaxy rotation curves
• Yet another test of Radial Acceleration Relation for galaxy clusters
• Dark matter profiles of SPARC galaxies: a challenge to fuzzy dark matter
• Distinguishing Dark Matter, Modified Gravity, and Modified Inertia with the Inner and Outer Parts of Galactic Rotation Curves
• The Imprint of Spiral Arms on the Galactic Rotation Curve
• X-ray analysis of JWST's first galaxy cluster lens SMACS J0723.3-7327
• A first attempt to differentiate between modified gravity and modified inertia with galaxy rotation curves
• The phantom dark matter halos of the Local Volume in the context of modified Newtonian dynamics
• Scale-Invariant Dynamics of Galaxies, MOND, Dark Matter, and the Dwarf Spheroidals
• A fundamental test for MOND
• Measuring galaxy cluster mass profiles into the low acceleration regime with galaxy kinematics
• Dark Matter Superfluidity
• Long Range Effects in Gravity Theories with Vainshtein Screening
• On the functional form of the radial acceleration relation
• Newtonian Fractional-Dimension Gravity and Rotationally Supported Galaxies
• Newtonian Fractional-Dimension Gravity and MOND
• Reply to "Presence of a fundamental acceleration scale in galaxies" and "A common Milgromian acceleration scale in nature"
• Galaxy rotation curves and universal scaling relations: comparison between phenomenological and fermionic dark matter profiles
• A new line on the wide binary test of gravity
• Study of gravitational fields and globular cluster systems of early-type galaxies
• From spirals to lenticulars: evidence from the rotation curves and mass models of three early-type galaxies
• Newtonian Fractional-Dimension Gravity and Disk Galaxies
• Gravothermal collapse and the diversity of galactic rotation curves
• Normalized additional velocity distribution: testing the radial profile of dark matter halos and MOND
• Searching for a possible dipole anisotropy on acceleration scale with 147 rotationally supported galaxies
• The Kennicutt-Schmidt law and the main sequence of galaxies in Newtonian and Milgromian dynamics
• Solar System limits on gravitational dipoles
• Directly testing gravity with Proxima Centauri
• Dynamics of DiskMass Survey galaxies in refracted gravity
• A cautionary tale in fitting galaxy rotation curves with Bayesian techniques: does Newton's constant vary from galaxy to galaxy?
• Baryon-Interacting Dark Matter: heating dark matter and the emergence of galaxy scaling relations
• MOND in galaxy groups
• The solar system test for the general modified gravity theories
• Halo Acceleration Relation
• The underlying radial acceleration relation
• Mass-Velocity Dispersion Relation in HIFLUGCS Galaxy Clusters
• On the absence of backsplash analogues to NGC 3109 in the $\Lambda$CDM framework
• Looking for Traces of Non-minimally Coupled Dark Matter in the X-COP Galaxy Clusters Sample
• Predictions for the sky-averaged depth of the 21cm absorption signal at high redshift in cosmologies with and without non-baryonic cold dark matter
• Empirical Evidence of Non-Minimally Coupled Dark Matter in the Dynamics of Local Spiral Galaxies?
• Dark Matter in Fractional Gravity I: Astrophysical Tests on Galactic Scales
• The ultra-diffuse galaxy AGC 114905 needs dark matter
• Galactic Mass-to-Light Ratios With Superfluid Dark Matter
• The radial acceleration relation and dark baryons in MOND
• Testing gravity with interstellar precursor missions
• Reply to: Overconfidence in Bayesian analyses of galaxy rotation curves
• Bose-Einstein Condensate dark matter models in the presence of baryonic matter and random confining potentials
• A test of Radial Acceleration Relation for the {\it Giles et al Chandra} cluster sample
• A test of constancy of dark matter halo surface density and radial acceleration relation in relaxed galaxy groups
• There is no universal acceleration scale in galaxies
• Acceleration Relations in the Milky Way as Differentiators of Modified Gravity Theories
• A Distinct Radial Acceleration Relation across Brightest Cluster Galaxies and Galaxy Clusters
• A Cusp-Core like challenge for Modified Newtonian Dynamics
• ΛCDM with baryons vs. MOND: the time evolution of the universal acceleration scale in the Magneticum simulations
• MIGHTEE-HI: The radial acceleration relation with resolved stellar mass measurements
• Bar formation in submaximal discs: a challenge for ΛCDM
• Emergence of extended Newtonian gravity from thermodynamics
• Low-surface-brightness spheroidal galaxies as Milgromian isothermal spheres
• Scale-invariant dynamics in the Solar System
• Galactic rotation curves of spiral galaxies and dark matter in f(R,T) gravity theory
• Newtonian Fractional-Dimension Gravity and the External Field Effect
• HI 21 cm observation and mass models of the extremely thin galaxy FGC 1440
• Dwarf galaxies with central cores in modified Newtonian dynamics (MOND) gravity
• Quantum Modified Gravity at Low Energy in the Ricci Flow of Quantum Spacetime
• Dark Coincidences: Small-Scale Solutions with Refracted Gravity and MOND
• Challenges to a sharp change in $G$ as a solution to the Hubble tension
• Improved SED-Fitting Assumptions Result in Inside-Out Quenching at $z\sim 0.5$ and Quenching at All Radii Simultaneously at $z\sim 1$
• The radial acceleration relation at the EDGE of galaxy formation: testing its universality in low-mass dwarf galaxies
• Testing Cotton gravity as dark matter substitute with weak lensing
• Crossover in extended Newtonian gravity emerging from thermodynamics
• Bounding the Cosmological Constant using Galactic Rotation Curves from the SPARC Dataset
• HI-bearing dark galaxies predictions from constrained Local Group simulations: how many and where to find them
• Exploring Milky Way rotation curves with Gaia DR3: a comparison between $\Lambda$CDM, MOND, and General Relativistic approaches
• Peculiar dark matter halos inferred from gravitational lensing as a manifestation of modified gravity
• Gas thermodynamics meets galaxy kinematics: Joint mass measurements for eROSITA galaxy clusters
• Field equation of thermodynamic gravity and galactic rotational curves
• The radial acceleration relation and its emergent nature
• A Toy Model for the Dynamical Discrepancies on Galactic Scales
• The galactic acceleration scale is imprinted on globular cluster systems of early-type galaxies of most masses and on red and blue globular cluster subpopulations
• Renzo's rule revisited: A statistical study of galaxies' baryon - dark matter coupling
• The analytic radial acceleration relation for galaxy clusters
• Refracted Gravity Solutions from Small to Large Scales
• On the Presence of Angular-Velocity Offsets in Disk Galaxies
• A bar stability criterion distinguishing between modified gravity and dark matter in galaxies
• The odd primordial halo of the Milky Way implied by Gaia. A shallow core, but a steep decline
• Examining Baryonic Faber-Jackson Relation in Galaxy Groups
• Overestimated inclinations of Milgromian disc galaxies: the case of the ultradiffuse galaxy AGC 114905
• No evidence for Keplerian taper of far-out galactic rotation
• Tensorial solution of the Poisson equation and the dark matter amount and distribution of UGC 8490 and UGC 9753
• Comparison of Modeling SPARC spiral galaxies' rotation curves: halo models vs MOND
• Local Short-Time Acceleration induced Spectral Line Broadening and Possible Implications in Cosmology