Gas thermodynamics meets galaxy kinematics: Joint mass measurements for eROSITA galaxy clusters

Abstract

The mass of galaxy clusters is a critical quantity for probing cluster cosmology and testing theories of gravity, but its measurement could be biased given assumptions are inevitable. In this paper, we employ and compare two mass proxies for galaxy clusters: thermodynamics of the intracluster medium and kinematics of member galaxies. We select 22 galaxy clusters from the cluster catalog in the first SRG/eROSITA All-Sky Survey (eRASS1) that have sufficient optical and near-infrared observations. We generate multi-band images in the energy range of (0.3, 7) keV for each cluster, and derive their temperature profiles, gas mass profiles and hydrostatic mass profiles using a parametric approach that does not assume dark matter halo models. With spectroscopically confirmed member galaxies collected from multiple surveys, we numerically solve the spherical Jeans equation for their dynamical mass profiles. Our results quantify the correlation between dynamical mass and line-of-sight velocity dispersion with an rms scatter of 0.14 dex. We find the two mass proxies lead to roughly the same total mass, with no observed systematic bias. As such, the ${\sigma }_8$ tension is not specific to hydrostatic mass or weak lensing shears, but also appears with galaxy kinematics. We also compare our hydrostatic masses with the latest weak lensing masses inferred with scaling relations. The comparison shows the weak lensing mass is significantly higher than our hydrostatic mass by $\sim$110%. This might explain the significantly larger value of ${\sigma }_8$ from the latest measurement using eRASS1 clusters than almost all previous estimates in the literature. Finally, we test the radial acceleration relation (RAR) established in disk galaxies. We confirm the missing baryon problem in the inner region of galaxy clusters using three independent mass proxies for the first time.

arXiv comment14 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables, with 12-page appendix for additional figures and tables. Accepted for publication in A&A

References in corpus (120)

• emcee: The MCMC Hammer
• Planck 2015 results. XIII. Cosmological parameters
• Nine-Year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) Observations: Cosmological Parameter Results
• The Eleventh and Twelfth Data Releases of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: Final Data from SDSS-III
• The 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey: Spectra and redshifts
• The Average Star Formation Histories of Galaxies in Dark Matter Halos from z=0-8
• Overview of the DESI Legacy Imaging Surveys
• First results from the IllustrisTNG simulations: matter and galaxy clustering
• First results from the IllustrisTNG simulations: the stellar mass content of groups and clusters of galaxies
• First results from the IllustrisTNG simulations: the galaxy color bimodality
• The Sixteenth Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Surveys: First Release from the APOGEE-2 Southern Survey and Full Release of eBOSS Spectra
• Galactic star formation and accretion histories from matching galaxies to dark matter haloes
• Chandra sample of nearby relaxed galaxy clusters: mass, gas fraction, and mass-temperature relation
• The Hyper Suprime-Cam SSP Survey: Overview and Survey Design
• The 6dF Galaxy Survey: Final Redshift Release (DR3) and Southern Large-Scale Structures
• zCOSMOS: A Large VLT/VIMOS redshift survey covering 0 < z < 3 in the COSMOS field
• Cold dark matter haloes in the Planck era: evolution of structural parameters for Einasto and NFW profiles
• The eROSITA X-ray telescope on SRG
• The Baryonic Tully-Fisher Relation
• redMaPPer I: Algorithm and SDSS DR8 Catalog
• Planck 2018 results. VIII. Gravitational lensing
• The DEEP2 Galaxy Redshift Survey: Design, Observations, Data Reduction, and Redshifts
• Concentration, Spin and Shape of Dark Matter Haloes as a Function of the Cosmological Model: WMAP1, WMAP3 and WMAP5 results
• The Radial Acceleration Relation in Rotationally Supported Galaxies
• The ROSAT-ESO Flux Limited X-ray (REFLEX) Galaxy Cluster Survey. V. The cluster catalogue
• The Cores of Dwarf Galaxy Halos
• The MCXC: a Meta-Catalogue of X-ray detected Clusters of galaxies
• The Northern ROSAT All-Sky (NORAS) Galaxy Cluster Survey I: X-ray Properties of Clusters Detected as Extended X-ray Sources
• The 6dF Galaxy Survey: Samples, Observational Techniques and the First Data Release
• Structural Properties of Pseudo-Bulges, Classical Bulges and Elliptical Galaxies: an SDSS Perspective
• Planck 2013 results. XXIX. Planck catalogue of Sunyaev-Zeldovich sources
• Dark Energy Survey Year 3 Results: Cosmology from Cosmic Shear and Robustness to Data Calibration
• Residual Gas Motions in the Intracluster Medium and Bias in Hydrostatic Measurements of Mass Profiles of Clusters
• The Canadian Cluster Comparison Project: detailed study of systematics and updated weak lensing masses
• Dark Energy Survey Year 3 Results: Cosmology from Cosmic Shear and Robustness to Modeling Uncertainty
• The SRG/eROSITA all-sky survey: First X-ray catalogues and data release of the western Galactic hemisphere
• One Law To Rule Them All: The Radial Acceleration Relation of Galaxies
• Cluster Cosmology Constraints from the 2500 deg${}^2$ SPT-SZ Survey: Inclusion of Weak Gravitational Lensing Data from Magellan and the Hubble Space Telescope
• The eROSITA Final Equatorial Depth Survey (eFEDS): The X-ray catalog
• The redMaPPer Galaxy Cluster Catalog From DES Science Verification Data
• The PRIsm MUlti-Object Survey (PRIMUS) I: Survey Overview and Characteristics
• The fourth data release of the Kilo-Degree Survey: ugri imaging and nine-band optical-IR photometry over 1000 square degrees
• Dark matter cores all the way down
• Stellar mass -- halo mass relation and star formation efficiency in high-mass halos
• The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: A Catalog of > 4000 Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Galaxy Clusters
• Weighing simulated galaxy clusters using lensing and X-ray
• The Eighteenth Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Surveys: Targeting and First Spectra from SDSS-V
• Statistics of X-ray observables for the cooling-core and non-cooling core galaxy clusters
• The relation between velocity dispersion and mass in simulated clusters of galaxies: dependence on the tracer and the baryonic physics
• On the Cluster Physics of Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Surveys I: The Influence of Feedback, Non-thermal Pressure and Cluster Shapes on Y-M Scaling Relations
• Robust Weak-lensing Mass Calibration of Planck Galaxy Clusters
• Lensing and X-ray mass estimates of clusters (SIMULATION)
• On the efficiency and reliability of cluster mass estimates based on member galaxies
• Clusters of galaxies with modified Newtonian dynamics (MOND)
• On the nature of hydrostatic equilibrium in galaxy clusters
• Turbulent Motions and Shocks Waves in Galaxy Clusters simulated with AMR
• The SPTpol Extended Cluster Survey
• Universal thermodynamic properties of the intracluster medium over two decades in radius in the X-COP sample
• Total mass biases in X-ray galaxy clusters
• MAMPOSSt: Modelling Anisotropy and Mass Profiles of Observed Spherical Systems. I. Gaussian 3D velocities
• Non-thermal pressure support in X-COP galaxy clusters
• CLASH-VLT: The mass, velocity-anisotropy, and pseudo-phase-space density profiles of the z=0.44 galaxy cluster MACS 1206.2-0847
• The 2dF-SDSS LRG and QSO (2SLAQ) Luminous Red Galaxy Survey
• The PRIsm MUlti-object Survey (PRIMUS). II. Data Reduction and Redshift Fitting
• A cluster finding algorithm based on the multiband identification of red sequence galaxies
• Hydrodynamic Simulation of Non-thermal Pressure Profiles of Galaxy Clusters
• The XMM Cluster Survey: Optical analysis methodology and the first data release
• KiDS-1000 catalogue: Redshift distributions and their calibration
• KiDS-1000 catalogue: Weak gravitational lensing shear measurements
• Fitting the radial acceleration relation to individual SPARC galaxies
• Hydrostatic mass profiles in X-COP galaxy clusters
• Toward Unbiased Galaxy Cluster Masses from Line of Sight Velocity Dispersions
• The eROSITA Final Equatorial-Depth Survey (eFEDS): Catalog of galaxy clusters and groups
• The case for a cold dark matter cusp in Draco
• CLASH-X: A Comparison of Lensing and X-ray Techniques for Measuring the Mass Profiles of Galaxy Clusters
• The Redshift Evolution of the Mean Temperature, Pressure, and Entropy Profiles in 80 SPT-Selected Galaxy Clusters
• A comprehensive catalog of dark matter halo models for SPARC galaxies
• Photometric Redshift Calibration with Self Organising Maps
• The SRG/eROSITA all-sky survey: Cosmology constraints from cluster abundances in the western Galactic hemisphere
• X-ray Group and cluster mass profiles in MOND: Unexplained mass on the group scale
• The XMM Cluster Outskirts Project (X-COP)
• How to break the density-anisotropy degeneracy in spherical stellar systems
• HeCS-SZ: The Hectospec Survey of Sunyaev-Zeldovich Selected Clusters
• The origin of the mass discrepancy-acceleration relation in $\Lambda$CDM
• The three-year shear catalog of the Subaru Hyper Suprime-Cam SSP Survey
• Temperature Structure of the Intra-Cluster Medium from SPH and AMR simulations
• Hydrostatic Chandra X-ray analysis of SPT-selected galaxy clusters - I. Evolution of profiles and core properties
• The Three Hundred Project: correcting for the hydrostatic-equilibrium mass bias in X-ray and SZ surveys
• KiDS-1000: cosmic shear with enhanced redshift calibration
• The Radial Acceleration Relation in CLASH Galaxy Clusters
• Calibrating the Planck Cluster Mass Scale with CLASH
• Calibration of bias and scatter involved in cluster mass measurements using optical weak gravitational lensing
• Andromeda XXI -- a dwarf galaxy in a low density dark matter halo
• To beta or not to beta: can higher-order Jeans analysis break the mass-anisotropy degeneracy in simulated dwarfs?
• Breaking Beta: A comparison of mass modelling methods for spherical systems
• Testing Verlinde's Emergent Gravity with the Radial Acceleration Relation
• The gravitational field of X-COP galaxy clusters
• Marriage à-la-MOND: Baryonic dark matter in galaxy clusters and the cooling flow puzzle
• CoMaLit - II. The scaling relation between mass and Sunyaev-Zel'dovich signal for Planck selected galaxy clusters
• The SRG/eROSITA All-Sky Survey: Dark Energy Survey Year 3 Weak Gravitational Lensing by eRASS1 selected Galaxy Clusters
• Characterizing hydrostatic mass bias with Mock-X
• Hydrostatic and Caustic Mass Profiles of Galaxy Clusters
• The X-CLASS survey: A catalogue of 1646 X-ray-selected galaxy clusters up to z$\sim$1.5
• CLUMP-3D. Three dimensional lensing and multi-probe analysis of MACS J1206.2-0847, a remarkably regular cluster
• Inside a Beehive: the Multiple Merging Processes in the Galaxy Cluster Abell 2142
• First results on the cluster galaxy population from the Subaru Hyper Suprime-Cam survey. II. Faint end color-magnitude diagrams and radial profiles of red and blue galaxies at $0.1<z<1.1$
• X-ray analysis of JWST's first galaxy cluster lens SMACS J0723.3-7327
• Radial acceleration relation of galaxies with joint kinematic and weak-lensing data
• Measuring galaxy cluster mass profiles into the low acceleration regime with galaxy kinematics
• The SRG/eROSITA All-Sky Survey: SRG/eROSITA cross-calibration with Chandra and XMM-Newton using galaxy cluster gas temperatures
• Searching for bulk motions in the ICM of massive, merging clusters with Chandra CCD data
• The Effect of Adiabatic Compression on Dark Matter Halos and the Radial Acceleration Relation
• Incorporating baryon-driven contraction of dark matter halos in rotation curve fits
• Comparing different mass estimators for a large subsample of the {\it Planck}-ESZ clusters
• Comparison of hydrostatic and dynamical masses of distant X-ray luminous galaxy clusters
• From spirals to lenticulars: evidence from the rotation curves and mass models of three early-type galaxies
• A cautionary tale in fitting galaxy rotation curves with Bayesian techniques: does Newton's constant vary from galaxy to galaxy?
• Mass-Velocity Dispersion Relation in HIFLUGCS Galaxy Clusters
• The underlying radial acceleration relation
• A Distinct Radial Acceleration Relation across Brightest Cluster Galaxies and Galaxy Clusters