Calibration of bias and scatter involved in cluster mass measurements using optical weak gravitational lensing

Abstract

Cosmological inference from cluster number counts is systematically limited by the accuracy of the mass calibration, i.e. the empirical determination of the mapping between cluster selection observables and halo mass. In this work we demonstrate a method to quantitatively determine the bias and uncertainties in weak-lensing mass calibration. To this end, we extract a library of projected matter density profiles from hydrodynamical simulations. Accounting for shear bias and noise, photometric redshift uncertainties, mis-centering, cluster member contamination, cluster morphological diversity, and line-of-sight projections, we produce a library of shear profiles. Fitting a one-parameter model to these profiles, we extract the so-called \emph{weak lensing mass} $M_{\text{WL}}$. Relating the weak-lensing mass to the halo mass from gravity-only simulations with the same initial conditions as the hydrodynamical simulations allows us to estimate the impact of hydrodynamical effects on cluster number counts experiments. Creating new shear libraries for $\sim$1000 different realizations of the systematics, provides a distribution of the parameters of the weak-lensing to halo mass relation, reflecting their systematic uncertainty. This result can be used as a prior for cosmological inference. We also discuss the impact of the inner fitting radius on the accuracy, and determine the outer fitting radius necessary to exclude the signal from neighboring structures. Our method is currently being applied to different Stage~III lensing surveys, and can easily be extended to Stage~IV lensing surveys.

20 pages, 12 figures, 3 tables, 2 appendices

References in corpus (14)

• Galaxy Clusters Discovered via the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect in the 2500-square-degree SPT-SZ survey
• Weighing the Giants IV: Cosmology and Neutrino Mass
• The galaxy cluster mass scale and its impact on cosmological constraints from the cluster population
• Cosmology and Astrophysics from Relaxed Galaxy Clusters II: Cosmological Constraints
• Modelling baryonic feedback for survey cosmology
• Cluster-galaxy weak lensing
• On the impact of baryons on the halo mass function, bias, and cluster cosmology
• Simultaneous modelling of matter power spectrum and bispectrum in the presence of baryons
• Mass calibration of distant SPT galaxy clusters through expanded weak lensing follow-up observations with HST, VLT & Gemini-South
• How baryons can significantly bias cluster count cosmology
• Constraining the masses of high-redshift clusters with weak lensing: Revised shape calibration testing for the impact of stronger shears and increased blending
• HIFLUGCS: X-ray luminosity -- dynamical mass relation and its implications for mass calibrations with the SPIDERS and 4MOST surveys
• Ellipticity of Brightest Cluster Galaxies as tracer of halo orientation and weak-lensing mass bias
• The clustering of baryonic matter. II: halo model and hydrodynamic simulations

Cited by in corpus (32)

• The CosmoVerse White Paper: Addressing observational tensions in cosmology with systematics and fundamental physics
• The SRG/eROSITA all-sky survey: Cosmology constraints from cluster abundances in the western Galactic hemisphere
• The eROSITA Final Equatorial-Depth Survey (eFEDS): X-ray Observable-to-Mass-and-Redshift Relations of Galaxy Clusters and Groups with Weak-Lensing Mass Calibration from the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program Survey
• Cosmological Constraints from Galaxy Clusters and Groups in the eROSITA Final Equatorial Depth Survey
• Optical selection bias and projection effects in stacked galaxy cluster weak lensing
• The SRG/eROSITA All-Sky Survey: Dark Energy Survey Year 3 Weak Gravitational Lensing by eRASS1 selected Galaxy Clusters
• Euclid preparation. XXXII. Evaluating the weak lensing cluster mass biases using the Three Hundred Project hydrodynamical simulations
• First measurement of the characteristic depletion radius of dark matter haloes from weak lensing
• Halo Properties and Mass Functions of Groups/Clusters from the DESI Legacy Imaging Surveys DR9
• Weak lensing mass modeling bias and the impact of miscentring
• Extending empirical constraints on the SZ-mass scaling relation to higher redshifts via HST weak lensing measurements of nine clusters from the SPT-SZ survey at $z\gtrsim 1$
• The SRG-eROSITA All-Sky Survey : Constraints on f(R) Gravity from Cluster Abundance
• The SRG/eROSITA All-Sky Survey: Weak-Lensing of eRASS1 Galaxy Clusters in KiDS-1000 and Consistency Checks with DES Y3 & HSC-Y3
• Towards 1% accurate galaxy cluster masses: Including baryons in weak-lensing mass inference
• Hydrostatic Mass Profiles of Galaxy Clusters in the eROSITA Survey
• The eROSITA Final Equatorial-Depth Survey (eFEDS) -- Splashback radius of X-ray galaxy clusters using galaxies from HSC survey
• Why are we still using 3D masses for cluster cosmology?
• Probing interacting dark sector models with future weak lensing-informed galaxy cluster abundance constraints from SPT-3G and CMB-S4
• Correlations of Dark Matter, Gas and Stellar Profiles in Dark Matter Halos
• Euclid preparation: Determining the weak lensing mass accuracy and precision for galaxy clusters
• AMICO galaxy clusters in KiDS-1000: cosmological constraints and mass calibration from counts and weak lensing
• The Three Hundred Project hydrodynamical simulations: Hydrodynamical weak-lensing cluster mass biases and richnesses using different hydro models
• CHEX-MATE: Multi-probe analysis of Abell 1689
• The SRG/eROSITA All-Sky Survey. The Weak-Lensing Mass Calibration and the Stellar Mass-to-Halo Mass Relation from the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program
• Galaxy cluster count cosmology with simulation-based inference
• The SRG/eROSITA all-sky survey: Constraints on Ultra-light Axion Dark Matter through Galaxy Cluster Number Counts
• Impact of projection-induced optical selection bias on the weak lensing mass calibration of galaxy clusters
• Directional miscentering dependence in weak lensing mass bias
• Gas thermodynamics meets galaxy kinematics: Joint mass measurements for eROSITA galaxy clusters
• Constraints on the normal branch of DGP gravity from SPT galaxy clusters with DES and HST weak-lensing mass calibration and from Planck PR4 CMB anisotropies
• Euclid: Early Release Observations. Weak gravitational lensing analysis of Abell 2390
• CLASH-VLT: The Fifth Force in Chameleon Gravity from Joint Lensing and Kinematics Cluster Mass Profiles