Optical selection bias and projection effects in stacked galaxy cluster weak lensing

Abstract

Cosmological constraints from current and upcoming galaxy cluster surveys are limited by the accuracy of cluster mass calibration. In particular, optically identified galaxy clusters are prone to selection effects that can bias the weak lensing mass calibration. We investigate the selection bias of the stacked cluster lensing signal associated with optically selected clusters, using clusters identified by the redMaPPer algorithm in the Buzzard simulations as a case study. We find that at a given cluster halo mass, the residuals of redMaPPer richness and weak lensing signal are positively correlated. As a result, for a given richness selection, the stacked lensing signal is biased high compared with what we would expect from the underlying halo mass probability distribution. The cluster lensing selection bias can thus lead to overestimated mean cluster mass and biased cosmology results. We show that the lensing selection bias exhibits a strong scale-dependence and is approximately 20 to 60 percent for $\Delta \Sigma$ at large scales. This selection bias largely originates from spurious member galaxies within +/- 20 to 60 Mpc/h along the line of sight, highlighting the importance of quantifying projection effects associated with the broad redshift distribution of member galaxies in photometric cluster surveys. While our results qualitatively agree with those in the literature, accurate quantitative modelling of the selection bias is needed to achieve the goals of cluster lensing cosmology and will require synthetic catalogues covering a wide range of galaxy-halo connection models.

arXiv comment16 pages, 16 figures; replaced to match published version

References in corpus (81)

• Weak Gravitational Lensing
• Statistical Properties of X-ray Clusters: Analytic and Numerical Comparisons
• Dark Energy and the Accelerating Universe
• The Rockstar Phase-Space Temporal Halo Finder and the Velocity Offsets of Cluster Cores
• Observational Probes of Cosmic Acceleration
• Dark Energy Survey Year 1 Results: Cosmological Constraints from Galaxy Clustering and Weak Lensing
• Cosmological Parameters from Observations of Galaxy Clusters
• Chandra Cluster Cosmology Project III: Cosmological Parameter Constraints
• Triaxial Modeling of Halo Density Profiles with High-resolution N-body Simulations
• redMaPPer I: Algorithm and SDSS DR8 Catalog
• Cosmology with cosmic shear observations: a review
• Cosmological Constraints from the SDSS maxBCG Cluster Catalog
• Cluster Cosmology Constraints from the 2500 deg${}^2$ SPT-SZ Survey: Inclusion of Weak Gravitational Lensing Data from Magellan and the Hubble Space Telescope
• The Observed Growth of Massive Galaxy Clusters I: Statistical Methods and Cosmological Constraints
• The redMaPPer Galaxy Cluster Catalog From DES Science Verification Data
• CLASH: Weak-Lensing Shear-and-Magnification Analysis of 20 Galaxy Clusters
• Dark Energy Survey Year 1 Results: Cosmological Constraints from Cluster Abundances and Weak Lensing
• Cosmological Constraints from Galaxy Clusters in the 2500 square-degree SPT-SZ Survey
• Cosmology and Astrophysics from Relaxed Galaxy Clusters II: Cosmological Constraints
• Dark Energy Survey Year 1 Results: Weak Lensing Mass Calibration of redMaPPer Galaxy Clusters
• Dark Quest. I. Fast and Accurate Emulation of Halo Clustering Statistics and Its Application to Galaxy Clustering
• Shapes and Alignments of Galaxy Cluster Halos
• Next Generation Cosmology: Constraints from the Euclid Galaxy Cluster Survey
• Weak Lensing Measurement of the Mass--Richness Relation of SDSS redMaPPer Clusters
• Robust Optical Richness Estimation with Reduced Scatter
• Combining cluster observables and stacked weak lensing to probe dark energy: Self-calibration of systematic uncertainties
• Mass Calibration and Cosmological Analysis of the SPT-SZ Galaxy Cluster Sample Using Velocity Dispersion ${\sigma }_v$ and X-ray $Y_{\text{X}}$ Measurements
• Can the Steep Mass Profile of A1689 Be Explained by a Triaxial Dark Halo?
• redMaPPer II: X-ray and SZ Performance Benchmarks for the SDSS Catalog
• Dark Energy Survey Year 1 Results: Methods for Cluster Cosmology and Application to the SDSS
• Growth of Cosmic Structure: Probing Dark Energy Beyond Expansion
• Projection effects in cluster mass estimates : the case of MS2137
• The impact of baryons on the spins and shapes of dark matter haloes
• Cluster-galaxy weak lensing
• Constraints on the Richness-Mass Relation and the Optical-SZE Positional Offset Distribution for SZE-Selected Clusters
• A Statistical Study of Weak Lensing by Triaxial Dark Matter Halos: Consequences for Parameter Estimation
• redMaPPer IV: Photometric Membership Identification of Cluster Galaxies with 1% Precision
• Cluster Galaxy Dynamics and the Effects of Large Scale Environment
• Cosmology with the Wide-Field Infrared Survey Telescope -- Multi-Probe Strategies
• The Three-Dimensional Shapes of Galaxy Clusters
• The Dependence of Subhalo Abundance on Halo Concentration
• Cosmological Constraints from DES Y1 Cluster Abundances and SPT Multi-wavelength data
• Dark Energy Survey Year 1 Results: Cosmological Constraints from Cluster Abundances, Weak Lensing, and Galaxy Correlations
• The Abacus Cosmos: A Suite of Cosmological N-body Simulations
• The impact of baryons on massive galaxy clusters: halo structure and cluster mass estimates
• Constraints on the mass-richness relation from the abundance and weak lensing of SDSS clusters
• Mock weak lensing analysis of simulated galaxy clusters: bias and scatter in mass and concentration
• Modeling projection effects in optically-selected cluster catalogues
• Dark Energy Survey Year 1 Results: Calibration of Cluster Mis-centering in the redMaPPer Catalogs
• The mass-richness relation of optically-selected clusters from weak gravitational lensing and abundance with Subaru HSC first-year data
• Galaxy Cluster Mass Estimation from Stacked Spectroscopic Analysis
• A Model for Multi-property Galaxy Cluster Statistics
• Universality of dark matter haloes shape over six decades in mass: Insights from the Millennium XXL and SBARBINE simulations
• Halo Shapes From Weak Lensing: The Impact of Galaxy--Halo Misalignment
• Rhapsody. I. Structural Properties and Formation History From a Statistical Sample of Re-simulated Cluster-size Halos
• Calibration of bias and scatter involved in cluster mass measurements using optical weak gravitational lensing
• Orientation Bias of Optically Selected Galaxy Clusters and Its Impact on Stacked Weak Lensing Analyses
• Rhapsody. II. Subhalo Properties and the Impact of Tidal Stripping From a Statistical Sample of Cluster-Size Halos
• Stellar Property Statistics of Massive Halos from Cosmological Hydrodynamics Simulations: Common Kernel Shapes
• Stellar mass as a galaxy cluster mass proxy: application to the Dark Energy Survey redMaPPer clusters
• Joint Analysis of Gravitational Lensing, Clustering and Abundance: Toward the Unification of Large-Scale Structure Analysis
• The Effects of Halo Assembly Bias on Self-Calibration in Galaxy Cluster Surveys
• Physical Correlations of the Scatter between Galaxy Mass, Stellar Content, and Halo Mass
• Strong orientation dependence of surface mass density profiles of dark haloes at large scales
• How baryons can significantly bias cluster count cosmology
• Spectroscopic Quantification of Projection Effects in the SDSS redMaPPer Galaxy Cluster Catalogue
• Galaxy Cluster Mass Reconstruction Project - IV. Understanding the effects of imperfect membership on cluster mass estimation
• The Impact of Environment on the Stellar Mass - Halo Mass Relation
• Cosmology with Stacked Cluster Weak Lensing and Cluster-Galaxy Cross-Correlations
• Exploring the contamination of the DES-Y1 Cluster Sample with SPT-SZ selected clusters
• Statistical uncertainties and systematic errors in weak lensing mass estimates of galaxy clusters
• Combination of cluster number counts and two-point correlations: Validation on Mock Dark Energy Survey
• Mass Variance from Archival X-ray Properties of Dark Energy Survey Year-1 Galaxy Clusters
• Weak-lensing calibration of a stellar mass-based mass proxy for redMaPPer and Voronoi Tessellation clusters in SDSS Stripe 82
• The HectoMAP Cluster Survey - I. redMaPPer Clusters
• Influence of Projection in Cluster Cosmology Studies
• HeCS-red: Dense Hectospec Surveys of redMaPPer-Selected Clusters
• A clustering-based self-calibration of the richness-to-mass relation of CAMIRA galaxy clusters out to $z\approx 1.1$ in the Hyper Suprime-Cam survey
• Cosmology with galaxy cluster weak lensing: statistical limits and experimental design
• The relative impact of baryons and cluster shape on weak lensing mass estimates of galaxy clusters
• ${\mu }_{\star }$ Masses: Weak Lensing Calibration of the Dark Energy Survey Year 1 redMaPPer Clusters using Stellar Masses

Cited by in corpus (28)

• Euclid. I. Overview of the Euclid mission
• The CosmoVerse White Paper: Addressing observational tensions in cosmology with systematics and fundamental physics
• Cosmological Constraints from Galaxy Clusters and Groups in the eROSITA Final Equatorial Depth Survey
• Symphony: Cosmological Zoom-in Simulation Suites over Four Decades of Host Halo Mass
• The SRG/eROSITA All-Sky Survey: Dark Energy Survey Year 3 Weak Gravitational Lensing by eRASS1 selected Galaxy Clusters
• Cosmological Constraint Precision of the Photometric and Spectroscopic Multi-probe Surveys of China Space Station Telescope (CSST)
• Cosmological constraints from abundance, weak-lensing and clustering of galaxy clusters: application to the SDSS
• Euclid preparation. XXXII. Evaluating the weak lensing cluster mass biases using the Three Hundred Project hydrodynamical simulations
• A measurement of the mean central optical depth of galaxy clusters via the pairwise kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect with SPT-3G and DES
• AMICO galaxy clusters in KiDS-DR3: measuring the splashback radius from weak gravitational lensing
• Simulating the LOcal Web (SLOW) II: Properties of local galaxy clusters
• Optical galaxy cluster mock catalogs with realistic projection effects: Validations with the SDSS clusters
• Euclid preparation LXX. Forecasting detection limits for intracluster light in the Euclid Wide Survey
• The XMM Cluster Survey: Exploring scaling relations and completeness of the Dark Energy Survey Year 3 redMaPPer cluster catalogue
• Self-calibrating optical galaxy cluster selection bias using cluster, galaxy, and shear cross-correlations
• Euclid preparation: Determining the weak lensing mass accuracy and precision for galaxy clusters
• AMICO galaxy clusters in KiDS-1000: cosmological constraints and mass calibration from counts and weak lensing
• Satellite Content and Halo Mass of Galaxy Clusters: Comparison between Red-Sequence and Halo-based Optical Cluster Finders
• The Three Hundred Project hydrodynamical simulations: Hydrodynamical weak-lensing cluster mass biases and richnesses using different hydro models
• CHEX-MATE: Multi-probe analysis of Abell 1689
• Improving Galaxy Cluster Selection with the Outskirt Stellar Mass of Galaxies
• Impact of projection-induced optical selection bias on the weak lensing mass calibration of galaxy clusters
• The Outskirt Stellar Mass of Low-Redshift Massive Galaxies is an Excellent Halo Mass Proxy in Illustris/IllustrisTNG Simulations
• Selection Function of Clusters in Dark Energy Survey Year 3 Data from Cross-Matching with South Pole Telescope Detections
• Dark Energy Survey Year 6 Results: Intra-Cluster Light from Redshift 0.2 to 0.5
• AMICO galaxy clusters in KiDS-1000: Splashback radius from weak lensing and cluster-galaxy correlation function
• Catalogs of optically-selected clusters and photometric luminous red galaxies from the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program final year dataset
• Multi-scale weak lensing detection of galaxy clusters with source redshift tomography