Examining Baryonic Faber-Jackson Relation in Galaxy Groups

Abstract

We investigate the Baryonic Faber-Jackson Relation (BFJR), examining the correlation between baryonic mass and velocity dispersion in galaxy groups and clusters. Originally analysed in elliptical galaxies, the BFJR is derivable from the empirical Radial Acceleration Relation (RAR) and MOdified Newtonian Dynamics (MOND), both showcasing a characteristic acceleration scale $g_{†}=1.2\times 10^{-10}\mathrm{m}{\mathrm{s}}^{-2}$. Recent interpretations within MOND suggest that galaxy group dynamics can be explained solely by baryonic mass, hinting at a BFJR with $g_{†}$ in these systems. To explore this BFJR, we combined X-ray and optical measurements for six galaxy clusters and 13 groups, calculating baryonic masses by combining X-ray gas and stellar mass estimates. Simultaneously, we computed spatially resolved velocity dispersion profiles from membership data using the biweight scale in radial bins. Our results indicate that the BFJR in galaxy groups, using total velocity dispersion, aligns with MOND predictions. Conversely, galaxy clusters exhibit a parallel BFJR with a larger acceleration scale. Analysis using tail velocity dispersion in galaxy groups shows a leftward deviation from the BFJR. Additionally, stacked velocity dispersion profiles reveal two distinct types: declining and flat, based on two parallel BFJRs. The declining profile, if not due to the anisotropy parameters or the incomplete membership, suggests a deviation from standard dark matter density profiles. We further identify three galaxy groups with unusually low dark matter fractions.

arXiv comment12 pages, 4 figures, published in MNRAS

References in corpus (112)

• A Universal Density Profile from Hierarchical Clustering
• Observational Evidence of AGN Feedback
• The SIMBAD astronomical database
• The Optical and Near-Infrared Properties of Galaxies: I. Luminosity and Stellar Mass Functions
• The Formation of Galactic Disks
• Chandra sample of nearby relaxed galaxy clusters: mass, gas fraction, and mass-temperature relation
• The SBF Survey of Galaxy Distances. IV. SBF Magnitudes, Colors, and Distances
• Modified Newtonian Dynamics (MOND): Observational Phenomenology and Relativistic Extensions
• Tracing cosmic evolution with clusters of galaxies
• The Baryonic Tully-Fisher Relation
• The Connection between Galaxies and their Dark Matter Halos
• The Radial Acceleration Relation in Rotationally Supported Galaxies
• K-band Properties of Galaxy Clusters and Groups: Brightest Cluster Galaxies and Intracluster Light
• The Properties of Poor Groups of Galaxies: I. Spectroscopic Survey and Results
• The Baryonic Tully-Fisher Relation of Gas Rich Galaxies as a Test of LCDM and MOND
• The Ursa Major Cluster of Galaxies. V ; HI Rotation Curve Shapes and the Tully-Fisher Relations
• A Census of Baryons in Galaxy Clusters and Groups
• One Law To Rule Them All: The Radial Acceleration Relation of Galaxies
• The GEMS project: X-ray analysis and statistical properties of the group sample
• How special are Brightest Group and Cluster Galaxies?
• Stellar and total baryon mass fractions in groups and clusters since redshift 1
• Properties of spherical galaxies and clusters with an NFW density profile
• Galaxy Cluster Baryon Fractions Revisited
• The small scatter of the baryonic Tully-Fisher relation
• The intragroup medium in loose groups of galaxies
• Scaling Properties of a Complete X-ray Selected Galaxy Group Sample
• Scaling Relations of Spiral Galaxies
• The K-band luminosity function at z=1: a powerful constraint on galaxy formation theory
• Color--Mass-to-Light Ratio Relations for Disk Galaxies
• Internal and Collective Properties of Galaxies in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
• A new relativistic theory for Modified Newtonian Dynamics
• Clusters of galaxies with modified Newtonian dynamics (MOND)
• A Novel Test of the Modified Newtonian Dynamics with Gas Rich Galaxies
• The baryonic Tully-Fisher relation for different velocity definitions and implications for galaxy angular momentum
• Galaxy groups and clouds in the Local (z~0.01) universe
• A Database of Cepheid Distance Moduli and TRGB, GCLF, PNLF and SBF Data Useful for Distance Determinations
• Probing the Dark Matter and Gas Fraction in Relaxed Galaxy Groups with X-ray observations from Chandra and XMM
• MOND and the "Dearth of Dark Matter in Ordinary Elliptical Galaxies"
• Resolving the virial discrepancy in clusters of galaxies with modified Newtonian dynamics
• Fitting the radial acceleration relation to individual SPARC galaxies
• WINGS-SPE Spectroscopy in the WIde-field Nearby Galaxy-cluster Survey
• The Impact of Feedback on Disk Galaxy Scaling Relations
• Effect of environment on galaxies mass-size distribution: unveiling the transition from outside-in to inside-out evolution
• The stellar mass fraction and baryon content of galaxy clusters and groups
• From galactic bars to the Hubble tension: weighing up the astrophysical evidence for Milgromian gravity
• HIFLUGCS: Galaxy cluster scaling relations between X-ray luminosity, gas mass, cluster radius, and velocity dispersion
• On the Baryon Fractions in Clusters and Groups of Galaxies
• Testing the Strong Equivalence Principle: Detection of the External Field Effect in Rotationally Supported Galaxies
• Reconciling the Diversity and Uniformity of Galactic Rotation Curves with Self-Interacting Dark Matter
• X-ray Group and cluster mass profiles in MOND: Unexplained mass on the group scale
• The XMM Cluster Outskirts Project (X-COP)
• A catalog of Nearby Poor Clusters of Galaxies
• Statistical Tools for Classifying Galaxy Group Dynamics
• Luminosity Dependence in the Fundamental Plane Projections of Elliptical Galaxies
• Scaling Properties of Galaxy Groups
• Declining rotation curves of galaxies as a test of gravitational theory
• Redshift-distance Survey of Early-type Galaxies: the ENEARc Cluster Sample
• The Tully-Fisher and mass-size relations from halo abundance matching
• Semi-Analytical Models for the Formation of Disk Galaxies II. Dark Matter versus Modified Newtonian Dynamics
• Predictions and Outcomes for the Dynamics of Rotating Galaxies
• The Absence of Adiabatic Contraction of the Radial Dark Matter Profile in the Galaxy Cluster A2589
• MOND and the dynamics of NGC1052-DF2
• The Radial Acceleration Relation in CLASH Galaxy Clusters
• The scatter, residual correlations and curvature of the SPARC baryonic Tully-Fisher relation
• Wide-field kinematics of globular clusters in the Leo I group
• Phenomenological consequences of superfluid dark matter with baryon-phonon coupling
• MOND vs. dark matter in light of historical parallels
• The Universal Faber-Jackson Relation
• X-ray scaling relations of early-type galaxies
• The eROSITA Final Equatorial-Depth Survey (eFEDS): X-ray Properties and Scaling Relations of Galaxy Clusters and Groups
• A new formulation of the external field effect in MOND and numerical simulations of ultra-diffuse dwarf galaxies $-$ application to NGC 1052-DF2 and NGC 1052-DF4
• Testing the Strong Equivalence Principle. II. Relating the External Field Effect in Galaxy Rotation Curves to the Large-Scale Structure of the Universe
• An accurate measurement of the baryonic Tully-Fisher relation with heavily gas-dominated ALFALFA galaxies
• Kinematic constraints on the stellar and dark matter content of spiral and S0 galaxies
• Testing fundamental physics with distant star clusters: theoretical models for pressure-supported stellar systems
• The outskirts of globular clusters as modified gravity probes
• The gravitational field of X-COP galaxy clusters
• Marriage à-la-MOND: Baryonic dark matter in galaxy clusters and the cooling flow puzzle
• Generalizing MOND to explain the missing mass in galaxy clusters
• Constraints on turbulent velocity broadening for a sample of clusters, groups and elliptical galaxies using XMM-Newton
• Unifying all mass discrepancies with one effective gravity law?
• The Faber-Jackson relation and Fundamental Plane from halo abundance matching
• A Redshift Survey of the Strong Lensing Cluster Abell 383
• X-ray Halo Around the Spiral Galaxy NGC 4631 Observed with Suzaku
• MOND in galaxy groups: a superior sample
• KYDISC: Galaxy Morphology, Quenching, and Mergers in the Cluster Environment
• Internal kinematics of groups of galaxies in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey data release 7
• The radial acceleration relation in galaxy clusters
• The Galaxy Cluster Concentration-Mass Scaling Relation
• Predicted MOND velocity dispersions for a catalog of ultra-diffuse galaxies in group environments
• The radial acceleration relation in a $\Lambda$CDM universe
• The Faber-Jackson relation for early-type galaxies: Dependence on the magnitude range
• Ultra-diffuse cluster galaxies as key to the MOND cluster conundrum
• The polytropic approximation and X-ray scaling relations: constraints on gas and dark matter profiles for galaxy groups and clusters
• Yet another test of Radial Acceleration Relation for galaxy clusters
• X-ray analysis of JWST's first galaxy cluster lens SMACS J0723.3-7327
• General virial theorem for modified-gravity MOND
• Emission Line Galaxies and Active Galactic Nuclei in WINGS clusters
• The relation between the diffuse X-ray luminosity and the radio power of the central AGN in galaxy groups
• The Effect of Adiabatic Compression on Dark Matter Halos and the Radial Acceleration Relation
• A universal velocity dispersion profile for pressure supported systems: evidence for MONDian gravity across 7 orders of magnitude in mass
• Dynamics of Elliptical Galaxies with Planetary Nebulae in Modified Newtonian Dynamics
• MOND in galaxy groups
• Mass-Velocity Dispersion Relation in HIFLUGCS Galaxy Clusters
• The Shape of Velocity Dispersion Profiles and the Dynamical State of Galaxy Clusters
• The radial acceleration relation and dark baryons in MOND
• The XMM Cluster Survey: evolution of the velocity dispersion -- temperature relation over half a Hubble time
• A test of Radial Acceleration Relation for the {\it Giles et al Chandra} cluster sample
• A Spectroscopic Census of X-ray Systems in the COSMOS Field
• Mass-Velocity Dispersion Relation in MaNGA Brightest Cluster Galaxies
• Testing the Collisionless Nature of Dark Matter with the Radial Acceleration Relation in Galaxy Clusters
• Hard X-ray Emission from the NGC 5044 Group