Collider Probes of Axion-Like Particles

Abstract

Axion-like particles (ALPs), which are gauge-singlets under the Standard Model (SM), appear in many well-motivated extensions of the SM. Describing the interactions of ALPs with SM fields by means of an effective Lagrangian, we discuss ALP decays into SM particles at one-loop order, including for the first time a calculation of the $a\to \pi \pi \pi$ decay rates for ALP masses below a few GeV. We argue that, if the ALP couples to at least some SM particles with couplings of order $(0.01-1) \mbox{TeV}^{-1}$, its mass must be above 1 MeV. Taking into account the possibility of a macroscopic ALP decay length, we show that large regions of so far unconstrained parameter space can be explored by searches for the exotic, on-shell Higgs and $Z$ decays $h\to Za$, $h\to aa$ and $Z\to \gamma a$ in Run-2 of the LHC with an integrated luminosity of 300 fb${}^{-1}$. This includes the parameter space in which ALPs can explain the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon. Considering subsequent ALP decays into photons and charged leptons, we show that the LHC provides unprecedented sensitivity to the ALP-photon and ALP-lepton couplings in the mass region above a few MeV, even if the relevant ALP couplings are loop suppressed and the $a\to \gamma \gamma$ and $a\to {\ell }^{+}{\ell }^{-}$ branching ratios are significantly less than 1. We also discuss constraints on the ALP parameter space from electroweak precision tests.

63 pages, 28 figures. The presentation of constraints from ALP decays in photons and leptons is extended, benchmarks are added, limits on ALPs from a Babar search for four muon final states are computed, bounds from the non-observation of a photon bursts in supernovae are included and the validity of the Edelweiss bounds is discussed. This version matches the version published in JHEP

References in corpus (6)

• Revisiting the SN1987A gamma-ray limit on ultralight axion-like particles
• A taste of dark matter: Flavour constraints on pseudoscalar mediators
• Search for light massive gauge bosons as an explanation of the $(g-2{)}_{\mu }$ anomaly at MAMI
• A New Flavor of Searches for Axion-Like Particles
• Visible Cascade Higgs Decays to Four Photons at Hadron Colliders
• Analyzing the CP Nature of a New Scalar Particle via S->Zh Decay

Cited by in corpus (179)

• Flavor probes of axion-like particles
• The Search for Feebly-Interacting Particles
• Primordial gravitational waves in the nano-Hertz regime and PTA data -- towards solving the GW inverse problem
• The Science of the Einstein Telescope
• The Irreducible Axion Background
• Searches for Long-Lived Particles at the Future FCC-ee
• New Probes for Axion-like Particles at Hadron Colliders
• Strong supernovae bounds on ALPs from quantum loops
• Cosmological constraints on decaying axion-like particles: a global analysis
• Production of Thermal Axions across the ElectroWeak Phase Transition
• Supernova axions convert to gamma-rays in magnetic fields of progenitor stars
• Axion-like Particles Implications for High-Energy Astrophysics
• Revisiting the production of ALPs at B-factories
• ALPINIST: Axion-Like Particles In Numerous Interactions Simulated and Tabulated
• Axion Couplings in Grand Unified Theories
• Nonresonant Searches for Axion-Like Particles in Vector Boson Scattering Processes at the LHC
• Axion-like particles as mediators for dark matter: beyond freeze-out
• Displaced or invisible? ALPs from $B$ decays at Belle II
• Friction on ALP domain walls and gravitational waves
• Supernova bounds on axion-like particles coupled with nucleons and electrons
• Primordial black hole dark matter from catastrogenesis with unstable pseudo-Goldstone bosons
• Lepton-Flavor-Violating ALPs at the Electron-Ion Collider: A Golden Opportunity
• Electroweak ALP Searches at a Muon Collider
• Opportunities for new physics searches with heavy ions at colliders
• Dynamical Minimal Flavour Violating Inverse Seesaw
• Searching for the axion-like particle at the EIC
• Neutron star observations of pseudoscalar-mediated dark matter
• Report on Progress in Physics: Observation of the Breit-Wheeler Process and Vacuum Birefringence in Heavy-Ion Collisions
• Exotic Higgs Decays
• A Leptonic ALP Portal to the Dark Sector
• Production of axion-like particles via vector boson fusion at future electron-positron colliders
• Reinterpretation of searches for long-lived particles from meson decays
• Axion-like ALPs
• Search for low-mass dilepton resonances in Higgs boson decays to four-lepton final states in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13 TeV
• Enhancing Searches for Heavy QCD Axions via Dimuon Final States
• Light Scalars at FASER
• The Chiral Lagrangian of CP-Violating Axion-Like Particles
• Searching for axionlike particle at future $ep$ colliders
• Do direct detection experiments constrain axionlike particles coupled to electrons?
• ALP Searches at the LHC: FASER as a Light Shining through Walls Experiment
• ATLAS searches for additional scalars and exotic Higgs boson decays with the LHC Run 2 dataset
• Top Secrets: Long-Lived ALPs in Top Production
• Detecting Axion-Like Particles with Primordial Black Holes
• Phenomenology of axion-like particles with universal fermion couplings -- revisited
• Supersizing axions with small size instantons
• The cost of an ALP solution to the neutral $B$-anomalies
• Testing axion couplings to leptons in $Z$ decays at future $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ colliders
• Supernova limits on 'QCD axion-like particles'
• Near or Far Detectors? Optimizing Long-Lived Particle Searches at Electron-Positron Colliders
• Lepton-Flavor-Violating ALP Signals with TeV-Scale Muon Beams
• First Constraints on Heavy QCD Axions with a Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber using the ArgoNeuT Experiment
• Unitarity constraints on ALP interactions
• A global analysis of axion-like particle interactions using SMEFT fits
• Investigation of the concurrent effects of ALP-photon and ALP-electron couplings in Collider and Beam Dump Searches
• Electroweak precision test of axion-like particles
• Search for exotic Higgs boson decays H $\to$ $\mathcal{AA}$ $\to$ 4$\gamma$ with events containing two merged diphotons in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
• Phenomenology of CP-even ALP
• Is the $W$-boson mass enhanced by the axion-like particle, dark photon, or chameleon dark energy?
• ALP production in weak mesonic decays
• Probing the Interactions of Axion-Like Particles with Electroweak Bosons and the Higgs Boson in the High Energy Regime at LHC
• Probing long-lived axions at the KOTO experiment
• The Axion-Higgs Portal
• A new calculation of semi-exclusive axion-like particle production at the LHC
• Probing HNL-ALP couplings at colliders
• Precise tests of the axion coupling to tops
• Quark flavor violation and axion-like particles from top-quark decays at the LHC
• Searching new physics in rare $B$-meson decays into multiple muons
• Collider and astrophysical signatures of light scalars with enhanced $\tau$ couplings
• Lepton Phenomenology of Stueckelberg Portal to Dark Sector
• Search for short- and long-lived axion-like particles in $H\to aa\to 4\gamma$ decays with the ATLAS experiment at the LHC
• Atmospheric axion-like particles at Super-Kamiokande
• Advancing the phenomenology of GeV-scale axion-like particles
• Search for heavy resonances decaying to ZZ or ZW and axion-like particles mediating nonresonant ZZ or ZH production at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13 TeV
• Flavor Physics at the CEPC: a General Perspective
• Probing a light dark sector at future lepton colliders via invisible decays of the SM-like and dark Higgs bosons
• Searches for axion-like particles via $\gamma \gamma$ fusion at future ${\mathrm{e}}^{+}{\mathrm{e}}^{-}$ colliders
• High-precision muon decay predictions for ALP searches
• $Z$-boson decays into an invisible dark photon at the LHC, HL-LHC and future lepton colliders
• Prospects for detecting axion-like particles via the decay $Z\to af\bar{f}$ at future $Z$ factories
• New bounds on axion-like particles from MicroBooNE
• Warm inflation with a heavy QCD axion
• Gravitational waves from $\mathrm{SU}($$N$$)/Sp($$N$$)$ composite Higgs models
• Limits on ALP-neutrino couplings from loop-level processes
• ALP-Pions generalized
• New Limits on Leptophilic Axionlike Particles and Majorons from ArgoNeuT
• Running beyond ALPs: shift-breaking and CP-violating effects
• Muon g-2 and a Geocentric New Field
• Search for a ${\tau }^{+}{\tau }^{-}$ resonance in $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to {\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-}{\tau }^{+}{\tau }^{-}$ events with the Belle II experiment
• The Muon Magnetic Moment and Physics Beyond the Standard Model
• The ALP explanation to muon $(g-2)$ and its test at future Tera-$Z$ and Higgs factories
• Searching for heavy neutral leptons coupled to axion-like particles at the LHC far detectors and SHiP
• Sensitivity to Kaon Decays to ALPs at Fixed Target Experiments
• Reconstruction of decays to merged photons using end-to-end deep learning with domain continuation in the CMS detector
• Renormalization of effective field theories via on-shell methods: the case of axion-like particles
• ALP-ine quests at the LHC: hunting axion-like particles via peaks and dips in $t\bar{t}$ production
• Search for high-mass exclusive diphoton production with tagged protons in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
• Running effects on QCD axion phenomenology
• Light Axion-Like Particles at Future Lepton Colliders
• Leptophilic Axion-like Particles at Forward Detectors
• A twisted tale of the transverse-mass tail
• Dark SU(2) Stueckelberg portal
• Type-II Majoron Dark Matter
• Axion-Like Particles at future $e^{-}p$ collider
• Dark axion portal at $Z$ boson factories
• Dark Matter Freeze-In and Small-Scale Observables: Novel Mass Bounds and Viable Particle Candidates
• Wess-Zumino-Witten Interactions of Axions
• ALPs, the on-shell way
• Prospects for probing axionlike particles at a future hadron collider through top quark production
• Constraints for scalars and pseudoscalars from ${\left(g-2\right)}_l$ and existing $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ colliders
• Exploring Axion-Like Particle Couplings through Single Top $tW$-Channel and Top Pair Production at the LHC
• Sensitivity of the future ${\mathbf{e}}^{-}\mathbf{p}$ collider to the coupling of axion-like particles with vector bosons
• Search for vector-like leptons with long-lived particle decays in the CMS muon system in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
• Semi-dark Higgs decays: sweeping the Higgs neutrino floor
• A comprehensive study of ALPs from $B$-decays
• ALPs and HNLs at LHC and Muon Colliders: Uncovering New Couplings and Signals
• Searching for axions with kaon decay at rest
• Interplay of ALP Couplings at a Muon Collider
• New Directions for ALP Searches Combining Nuclear Reactors and Haloscopes
• Prospects for detecting the couplings of axion-like particle with neutrinos at the CEPC
• Untangling the spin of a dark boson in $Z$ decays
• Sensitivities to New Resonance Couplings to $W$-Bosons at the LHC
• Visible GeV ALP from TeV Vector-like Leptons
• Search for decays of the Higgs boson into a pair of pseudoscalar particles decaying into $b\bar{b}{\tau }^{+}{\tau }^{-}$ using $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV with the ATLAS detector
• Walking-dilaton hybrid inflation with $B-L$ Higgs embedded in dynamical scalegenesis
• Neural networks for boosted di-$\tau$ identification
• New Particles at the Z-Pole: Tera-Z factories as discovery and precision machines
• Gravitational Signatures of Axion Dark Matter via Parity-Violating Interactions
• $B\to K+\text{axion-like particles}$: effective versus UV-complete models and enhanced two-loop contributions
• The LHC as an Axion-Photon Collider
• Wess-Zumino-Witten Interactions of Axions: Three-Flavor
• Axion Portal to Scalar Dark Matter: Unveiling Stabilizing Symmetry Footprints
• Searching for long-lived light neutralinos and axionlike particles at the SHiNESS experiment
• Model-independent search for pair production of new bosons decaying into muons in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
• Two-loop contributions of axion-like particles to electromagnetic and chromomagnetic form factors
• Same-Sign Taus Signatures of Maximally Flavor-Violating Scalars at the LHC
• Constraints on axion-like particles using lattice QCD calculations of the rate for $J/\psi \to \gamma a$
• Bounds on ALP-Mediated Dark Matter Models from Celestial Objects
• Small Progenitors, Large Couplings: Type Ic Supernova Constraints on Radiatively Decaying Particles
• QCD sum rule studies on the possible double-peak structure of the $X17$ particle
• Direct Collapse Black Hole Candidates from Decaying Dark Matter
• Constraining axion-gluon coupling in monohadron processes
• Prospects for exotic $h\to 4\tau$ decays in single and di-Higgs boson production at the LHC and future hadron colliders
• Implications of recent ${\left(g-2\right)}_{\mu }$ measurements for MeV-GeV dark sector searches
• Rare few-body decays of the Standard Model Higgs boson
• Prospects for sub-EW-scale ALP searches via $\gamma +b\bar{b}$ signatures at the LHC using jet substructure techniques
• Shining Light on Cosmogenic Axions with Neutrino Experiments
• Invisible neutron decay and light BSM particles
• A minimal axion model for mass matrices with five texture-zeros
• Axion Couplings in Gauged $U(1{)}^{\prime }$ Extensions of the Standard Model
• A global analysis of ALP-mediated multiboson production at the LHC
• Charting the new physics through one-loop effects in the muon magnetic dipole moment
• Searching for displaced vertices with a gaseous tracker for a future e${}^{+}$e${}^{-}$ Higgs factory
• Hyper Stealth Dark Matter and Long-Lived Particles
• Top observables as precise probes of the ALP
• Exotic $h\to Za$ Higgs decays into $\tau$ leptons
• New physics particles mixing with mesons: production in the fragmentation chain
• Probing ALP-portal fermionic dark matter at the $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ colliders
• The Forward Physics Facility at the High-Luminosity LHC
• Search for an Axion-Like Particle in $B\to K^{(\ast )}a(\to \gamma \gamma )$ Decays at Belle
• Finding BSM Needles in Electromagnetic Haystacks at DUNE
• INTEGRAL, eROSITA and Voyager Constraints on Light Bosonic Dark Matter: ALPs, Dark Photons, Scalars, $B-L$ and $L_i-L_j$ Vectors
• Search for decays of the Higgs boson into scalar particles decaying into four or six $b$-quarks using $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13\mathrm{TeV}$ with the ATLAS detector
• Mixing Particle Production for Relaxion Mechanism
• New Physics Searches at Kaon and Hyperon Factories
• Searching for long-lived axion-like particles via displaced vertices at the HL-LHC
• Long-Lived HNLs via ALP Portal at the LHC
• One-loop corrections to ALP couplings
• Positivity and partial wave unitarity bounds on ALP theories via amplitude methods
• New Physics Searches via Beam Normal Spin Asymmetry in Bhabha Scattering
• Probing axion-like particles coupling to gluons at the LHC
• Search for exotic Higgs boson decays H $\to$ $\mathcal{AA}$ with $\mathcal{AA}$ $\to$ $\gamma \gamma$ in events with a semi-merged topology in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
• Reconstruction and identification of pairs of collimated $\tau$-leptons decaying hadronically using $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV $pp$ collision data with the ATLAS detector
• Beyond thermal approximations: Precise cosmological bounds on Axion-Like Particles
• Echoes in multi-ALP scenarios
• Loop-Level Lepton Flavor Violation and Diphoton Signals in the Minimal Left-Right Symmetric Model
• Enhanced extragalactic photon flux by PBH in a stimulated axion/ALP decay scenario
• ALPs and Heavy Hadron Chiral Perturbation Theory
• Effective ALP-Photon Coupling in External Magnetic Fields
• Di-decay signature of new physics particles at intensity frontier experiments