New perspective in searching for axion-like particles from flavor physics

Abstract

We propose new perspective in searching for axion-like particles (ALPs) from quark and lepton flavor physics: measurements of the time-dependent CP asymmetry in $B^0\to K_S^0{\pi }^0\gamma$ and the branching ratio of $B_s\to e^{\pm }{\mu }^{\mp }$ decay possess, along with the anomalous magnetic moment of muon. In the mass range of sub-GeV, accessible by the flavorful ALPs search, the experimental sensitivity for these flavor observables reaches the maximum at around the pion mass scale (called the {\it sweetest} spots), where a couple of loopholes (unexplored regions) for the ALP parameter space have heretofore been present, because of an unavoidable contamination with pion background events. The proposed complementary probes can precisely determine the ALP coupling to photon at these {\it sweetest} spots/loopholes, and will significantly help cover whole parameter spaces in the ALP search including the present loopholes in the future.

arXiv comment14 pages, 5 figures, v3: text and Figs. 3 and 4 (correspond to previous Figs. 4 and 5) are improved, previous Fig. 2 is deleted, and new figure, Fig. 5, is added

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• Leptoflavorgenesis: baryon asymmetry of the Universe from lepton flavor violation
• Axion-like particles resolve the $B\to \pi K$ and g-2 anomalies
• ALP-Pions generalized
• Probing an intrinsically flavorful ALP via tau-lepton flavor physics