Electron-Capture and Low-Mass Iron-Core-Collapse Supernovae: New Neutrino-Radiation-Hydrodynamics Simulations

Abstract

We present new 1D (spherical) and 2D (axisymmetric) simulations of electron-capture (EC) and low-mass iron-core-collapse supernovae (SN). We consider six progenitor models: the ECSN progenitor from Nomoto (1984, 1987); two ECSN-like low-mass low-metallicity iron core progenitors from Heger (private communication); and the 9-, 10-, and 11-$M_{\odot }$ (zero-age main sequence) progenitors from Sukhbold et al. (2016). We confirm that the ECSN and ESCN-like progenitors explode easily even in 1D with explosion energies of up to a 0.15 Bethes ($1\mathrm{B}\equiv 10^{51}\mathrm{erg}$), and are a viable mechanism for the production of very low-mass neutron stars. However, the 9-, 10-, and 11-$M_{\odot }$ progenitors do not explode in 1D and are not even necessarily easier to explode than higher-mass progenitor stars in 2D. We study the effect of perturbations and of changes to the microphysics and we find that relatively small changes can result in qualitatively different outcomes, even in 1D, for models sufficiently close to the explosion threshold. Finally, we revisit the impact of convection below the protoneutron star (PNS) surface. We analyze, 1D and 2D evolutions of PNSs subject to the same boundary conditions. We find that the impact of PNS convection has been underestimated in previous studies and could result in an increase of the neutrino luminosity by up to factors of two.

arXiv comment18 pages, 17 figures, 3 tables. Major revisions following a fix in the code input physics. Accepted on ApJ

References in corpus (88)

• How Massive Single Stars End their Life
• Core-Collapse Supernovae from 9 to 120 Solar Masses Based on Neutrino-powered Explosions
• Black Hole Formation in Failing Core-Collapse Supernovae
• Nucleosynthesis and Remnants in Massive Stars of Solar Metallicity
• Stability of Standing Accretion Shocks, With an Eye Toward Core Collapse Supernovae
• On the Nature of Core Collapse Supernova Explosions
• Explosions of O-Ne-Mg Cores, the Crab Supernova, and Subluminous Type II-P Supernovae
• Protoneutron star evolution and the neutrino driven wind in general relativistic neutrino radiation hydrodynamics simulations
• Neutrino Signal of Electron-Capture Supernovae from Core Collapse to Cooling
• Relativistic Equation of State of Nuclear Matter for Supernova Explosion
• Delayed neutrino-driven supernova explosions aided by the standing accretion-shock instability
• A two-parameter criterion for classifying the explodability of massive stars by the neutrino-driven mechanism
• The Neutron Star and Black Hole Initial Mass Function
• Shock Breakout in Core-Collapse Supernovae and its Neutrino Signature
• The Remarkable Deaths of 9 - 11 Solar Mass Stars
• A New Multi-Dimensional General Relativistic Neutrino Hydrodynamics Code of Core-Collapse Supernovae III. Gravitational Wave Signals from Supernova Explosion Models
• Two-Dimensional Hydrodynamic Core-Collapse Supernova Simulations with Spectral Neutrino Transport II. Models for Different Progenitor Stars
• Three-dimensional core-collapse supernova simulated using a 15 $M_{\odot }$ progenitor
• Electron-capture supernovae as the origin of elements beyond iron
• Exploring the relativistic regime with Newtonian hydrodynamics: An improved effective gravitational potential for supernova simulations
• Instability of a stalled accretion shock: evidence for the advective-acoustic cycle
• Pulsar J0453+1559: A Double Neutron Star System with a Large Mass Asymmetry
• Super and massive AGB stars - IV. Final fates - Initial to final mass relation
• Low Luminosity Type II Supernovae: Spectroscopic and Photometric Evolution
• Neutrino-driven explosion of a 20 solar-mass star in three dimensions enabled by strange-quark contributions to neutrino-nucleon scattering
• Neutrino Opacities in Nuclear Matter
• Weak magnetism for antineutrinos in supernovae
• A New Multi-Dimensional General Relativistic Neutrino Hydrodynamics Code for Core-Collapse Supernovae II. Relativistic Explosion Models of Core-Collapse Supernovae
• The Landscape of the Neutrino Mechanism of Core-Collapse Supernovae: Neutron Star and Black Hole Mass Functions, Explosion Energies and Nickel Yields
• Truncated Moment Formalism for Radiation Hydrodynamics in Numerical Relativity
• SASI Activity in Three-Dimensional Neutrino-Hydrodynamics Simulations of Supernova Cores
• Effects of Strong and Electromagnetic Correlations on Neutrino Interactions in Dense Matter
• Non-Radial Instabilities and Progenitor Asphericities in Core-Collapse Supernovae
• Three-dimensional Hydrodynamic Core-Collapse Supernova Simulations for an $11.2M_{\odot }$ Star with Spectral Neutrino Transport
• Revival of The Stalled Core-Collapse Supernova Shock Triggered by Precollapse Asphericity in the Progenitor Star
• The Status of Multi-Dimensional Core-Collapse Supernova Models
• An Open-Source Neutrino Radiation Hydrodynamics Code for Core-Collapse Supernovae
• Neutrino-driven supernova of a low-mass iron-core progenitor boosted by three-dimensional turbulent convection
• Charged-current weak interaction processes in hot and dense matter and its impact on the spectra of neutrinos emitted from proto-neutron star cooling
• Criteria for Core-Collapse Supernova Explosions by the Neutrino Mechanism
• Advanced burning stages and fate of 8-10 Mo stars
• Medium modification of the charged current neutrino opacity and its implications
• Neutrino-driven convection versus advection in core collapse supernovae
• General-Relativistic Simulations of Three-Dimensional Core-Collapse Supernovae
• Axisymmetric Ab Initio Core-Collapse Supernova Simulations of 12-25 M_sol Stars
• The Development of Explosions in Axisymmetric Ab Initio Core-Collapse Supernova Simulations of 12-25 $M_{\odot }$ Stars
• Underluminous Type II Plateau Supernovae: II. Pointing towards moderate mass precursors
• New Two-Dimensional Models of Supernova Explosions by the Neutrino-Heating Mechanism: Evidence for Different Instability Regimes in Collapsing Stellar Cores
• Self-sustained asymmetry of lepton-number emission: A new phenomenon during the supernova shock-accretion phase in three dimensions
• The Progenitor Dependence of the Preexplosion Neutrino Emission in Core-Collapse Supernovae
• A new multidimensional, energy-dependent two-moment transport code for neutrino-hydrodynamics
• Supernova Neutrino Light Curves and Spectra for Various Progenitor Stars: From Core Collapse to Proto-neutron Star Cooling
• Proto-Neutron Star Cooling with Convection: The Effect of the Symmetry Energy
• General Relativistic Three-Dimensional Multi-Group Neutrino Radiation-Hydrodynamics Simulations of Core-Collapse Supernovae
• The Dynamics of Neutrino-Driven Supernova Explosions after Shock Revival in 2D and 3D
• The Dominance of Neutrino-Driven Convection in Core-Collapse Supernovae
• The Three Dimensional Evolution to Core Collapse of a Massive Star
• Multi-Dimensional Radiation/Hydrodynamic Simulations of Protoneutron Star Convection
• The Crab Nebula and the class of Type IIn-P supernovae caused by sub-energetic electron capture explosions
• Dynamics of shock propagation and nucleosynthesis conditions in O-Ne-Mg core supernovae
• Systematic Features of Axisymmetric Neutrino-Driven Core-Collapse Supernova Models in Multiple Progenitors
• High-Resolution Three-Dimensional Simulations of Core-Collapse Supernovae in Multiple Progenitors
• Do electron-capture supernovae make neutron stars? First multidimensional hydrodynamic simulations of the oxygen deflagration
• The Last Minutes of Oxygen Shell Burning in a Massive Star
• Progenitor-dependent Explosion Dynamics in Self-consistent, Axisymmetric Simulations of Neutrino-driven Core-collapse Supernovae
• An Investigation into the Character of Pre-Explosion Core-Collapse Supernova Shock Motion
• Dimensional Dependence of the Hydrodynamics of Core-Collapse Supernovae
• Two-Dimensional Core-Collapse Supernova Models with Multi-Dimensional Transport
• Many-Body Corrections to Charged-Current Neutrino Absorption Rates in Nuclear Matter
• Evolution of progenitors for electron capture supernovae
• Neutrino-nucleon scattering in supernova matter from the virial expansion
• Supernova Explosions of Super-Asymptotic Giant Branch Stars: Multicolor Light Curves of Electron-Capture Supernovae
• A New Multi-Dimensional General Relativistic Neutrino Hydrodynamics Code for Core-Collapse Supernovae IV. The Neutrino Signal
• A New Code for Proto-Neutron Star Evolution
• Neutrino-driven Turbulent Convection and Standing Accretion Shock Instability in Three-Dimensional Core-Collapse Supernovae
• Should One Use the Ray-by-Ray Approximation in Core-Collapse Supernova Simulations?
• Mu and Tau Neutrino Thermalization and Production in Supernovae: Processes and Timescales
• Characterizing SASI- and Convection-Dominated Core-Collapse Supernova Explosions in Two Dimensions
• Dynamics of a Spherical Accretion Shock with Neutrino Heating and Alpha-Particle Recombination
• Nucleosynthesis in O-Ne-Mg Supernovae
• Shock-Turbulence Interaction in Core-Collapse Supernovae
• The criterion of supernova explosion revisited: the mass accretion history
• Charged current neutrino interactions in core-collapse supernovae in a virial expansion
• Erratum: Progenitor-explosion connection and remnant birth masses for neutrino-driven supernovae of iron-core progenitors (2012, ApJ, 757, 69)
• Type IIP supernova 2008in: the explosion of a normal red supergiant
• An Integral Condition for Core-Collapse Supernova Explosions
• Links between the shock instability in core-collapse supernovae and asymmetric accretions of envelopes
• Shock Revival in Core-Collapse Supernovae: A Phase-Diagram Analysis

Cited by in corpus (84)

• Science Case for the Einstein Telescope
• Formation of Double Neutron Star Systems
• GW170817: Joint Constraint on the Neutron Star Equation of State from Multimessenger Observations
• Core-Collapse Supernova Explosion Theory
• The Overarching Framework of Core-Collapse Supernova Explosions as Revealed by 3D Fornax Simulations
• Exploring Fundamentally Three-dimensional Phenomena in High-fidelity Simulations of Core-collapse Supernovae
• Characterizing the Gravitational Wave Signal from Core-Collapse Supernovae
• A Successful 3D Core-Collapse Supernova Explosion Model
• The gravitational wave signal from core-collapse supernovae
• Measuring the Progenitor Masses and Dense Circumstellar Material of Type II Supernovae
• Super-AGB Stars and their role as Electron Capture Supernova progenitors
• Global Comparison of Core-Collapse Supernova Simulations in Spherical Symmetry
• Three-Dimensional Supernova Explosion Simulations of 9-, 10-, 11-, 12-, and 13-M${}_{\odot }$ Stars
• On the minimum mass of neutron stars
• What can be learned from a future supernova neutrino detection?
• Three-dimensional Models of Core-collapse Supernovae From Low-mass Progenitors With Implications for Crab
• The Progenitor Dependence of Three-Dimensional Core-Collapse Supernovae
• Neutrino oscillations in supernovae: angular moments and fast instabilities
• Low-Energy Supernovae Severely Constrain Radiative Particle Decays
• Crucial Physical Dependencies of the Core-Collapse Supernova Mechanism
• Two Dimensional Core-Collapse Supernova Explosions Aided by General Relativity with Multidimensional Neutrino Transport
• Temporal and Angular Variations of 3D Core-Collapse Supernova Emissions and their Physical Correlations
• Hydrodynamical Neutron-star Kicks in Electron-capture Supernovae and Implications for the CRAB Supernova
• Revival of the Fittest: Exploding Core-Collapse Supernovae from 12 to 25 M${}_{\odot }$
• Three-Dimensional Core-Collapse Supernova Simulations with Multi-Dimensional Neutrino Transport Compared to the Ray-by-Ray-plus Approximation
• A systematic study of proto-neutron star convection in three-dimensional core-collapse supernova simulations
• Fast Neutrino Flavor Conversions can Help and Hinder Neutrino-Driven Explosions
• Constraining the dense matter equation of state with new NICER mass-radius measurements and new chiral effective field theory inputs
• Core-collapse supernova simulations in one and two dimensions: comparison of codes and approximations
• Multi-D Simulations of Ultra-Stripped Supernovae to Shock Breakout
• Supernova Model Discrimination with Hyper-Kamiokande
• Core-collapse supernova neutrino emission and detection informed by state-of-the-art three-dimensional numerical models
• Stellar Collapse Diversity and the Diffuse Supernova Neutrino Background
• Neutrino emission characteristics of black hole formation in three-dimensional simulations of stellar collapse
• Exciting Prospects for Detecting Late-Time Neutrinos from Core-Collapse Supernovae
• Gravitational Waves from Neutrino Asymmetries in Core-Collapse Supernovae
• Turbulence in Core-Collapse Supernovae
• Core-collapse supernova simulations and the formation of neutron stars, hybrid stars, and black holes
• Towards an Understanding of the Resolution Dependence of Core-Collapse Supernova Simulations
• Matter Mixing in Aspherical Core-collapse Supernovae: Three-dimensional Simulations with Single Star and Binary Merger Progenitor Models for SN 1987A
• Evolution of ONeMg Core in Super-AGB Stars towards Electron-Capture Supernovae: Effects of Updated Electron-Capture Rate
• How Turbulence Enables Core-Collapse Supernova Explosions
• Classifications of Twin Star Solutions for a Constant Speed of Sound Parameterized Equation of State
• Comparing treatments of weak reactions with nuclei in simulations of core-collapse supernovae
• Binary-Stripped Stars as Core-Collapse Supernovae Progenitors
• Supernova neutrino signals based on long-term axisymmetric simulations
• Neutrino Signals of Core-Collapse Supernovae in Underground Detectors
• The Evolution towards Electron-capture Supernovae: the Flame Propagation and the Pre-bounce Electron-neutrino Radiation
• The Impact of Different Neutrino Transport Methods on Multidimensional Core-collapse Supernova Simulations
• Magnetic support for neutrino-driven explosion of 3D non-rotating core-collapse supernova models
• Three-Dimensional Boltzmann-Hydro Code for core-collapse in massive stars III. A New method for momentum feedback from neutrino to matter
• Progenitor Mass Distribution for Core-Collapse Supernova Remnants in M31 and M33
• Applications of Machine Learning to Predicting Core-collapse Supernova Explosion Outcomes
• Synthetic observables for electron-capture supernovae and low-mass core collapse supernovae
• A 3D Simulation of a Type II-P Supernova: from Core Bounce to Beyond Shock Breakout
• The Progenitor Age and Mass of the Black-Hole-Formation Candidate N6946-BH1
• Hydrodynamic Simulations of Electron-capture Supernovae: Progenitor and Dimension Dependence
• A Comparison of Explosion Energies for Simulated and Observed Core-Collapse Supernovae
• The impact of vorticity waves on the shock dynamics in core-collapse supernovae
• Helium giant stars as progenitors of rapidly fading Type Ibc supernovae
• Nuclear Weak Rates and Nuclear Weak Processes in Stars
• Long-term gravitational wave asteroseismology of supernova: from core collapse to 20 seconds postbounce
• Tracer particles for core-collapse supernova nucleosynthesis: The advantages of moving backward
• Numerical Study of Stellar Core Collapse and Neutrino Emission Using the Nuclear Equation of State Obtained by the Variational Method
• Impact of neutrino pair-production rates in Core-Collapse Supernovae
• Neutrino transport with Monte Carlo method: I. Towards fully consistent implementation of nucleon recoils in core-collapse supernova simulations
• Probing fermionic asymmetric dark matter cores using global neutron star properties
• Impact of late-time neutrino emission on the diffuse supernova neutrino background
• The jittering jets explosion mechanism (JJEM) in electron capture supernovae
• On the importance of progenitor asymmetry to shock revival in core-collapse supernovae
• A Force Explosion Condition for Spherically Symmetric Core-collapse Supernovae
• The Force Explosion Condition is Consistent with Spherically Symmetric CCSN Explosions
• Near-critical supernova outflows and their neutrino signatures
• Theoretical X-ray light curves of young SNe II: the example of SN 2013ej
• Explosion Energies for Core-collapse Supernovae I: Analytic, Spherically Symmetric Solutions
• Gravitational-Wave Signatures of Nonstandard Neutrino Properties in Collapsing Stellar Cores
• Equation-of-state-informed pulse profile modeling
• Neutrino flavour as a test of the explosion mechanism of core-collapse supernovae
• Hunting isolated neutron stars with proper motions from wide-area optical surveys
• Long-term neutrino emission from a core-collapse supernova with axion-photon coupling
• Developing an end-to-end simulation framework of supernova neutrino detection
• Toward First-Principles Multi-Messenger Predictions: Coupling Nuclear Networks with GR Radiation-MHD in {\tt Gmunu}
• The influence of rotation and metallicity on the explodability of massive stars
• Loop-Level Lepton Flavor Violation and Diphoton Signals in the Minimal Left-Right Symmetric Model