Protoplanetary Disk Masses in the Young NGC 2024 Cluster

Abstract

We present the results from a Submillimeter Array survey of the 887 micron continuum emission from the protoplanetary disks around 95 young stars in the young cluster NGC 2024. Emission was detected from 22 infrared sources, with flux densities from ~5 to 330 mJy; upper limits (at 3sigma) for the other 73 sources range from 3 to 24 mJy. For standard assumptions, the corresponding disk masses range from ~0.003 to 0.2Msolar, with upper limits at 0.002--0.01Msolar. The NGC 2024 sample has a slightly more populated tail at the high end of its disk mass distribution compared to other clusters, but without more information on the nature of the sample hosts it remains unclear if this difference is statistically significant or a superficial selection effect. Unlike in the Orion Trapezium, there is no evidence for a disk mass dependence on the (projected) separation from the massive star IRS2b in the NGC 2024 cluster. We suggest that this is due to either the cluster youth or a comparatively weaker photoionizing radiation field.

arXiv commentApJ, in press

References in corpus (42)

• Embedded Clusters in Molecular Clouds
• The Spitzer c2d Legacy Results: Star Formation Rates and Efficiencies; Evolution and Lifetimes
• Circumstellar Dust Disks in Taurus-Auriga: The Submillimeter Perspective
• The Mass Dependence Between Protoplanetary Disks and their Stellar Hosts
• Protoplanetary Disk Structures in Ophiuchus
• The Submillimeter Array
• High-Mass Proto-Stellar Candidates - II : Density structure from dust continuum and CS emission
• On the Submillimeter Opacity of Protoplanetary Disks
• High-Mass Proto-Stellar Candidates - I : The Sample and Initial Results
• Photoevaporation of Circumstellar Disks due to External FUV Radiation in Stellar Aggregates
• The hierarchical formation of a stellar cluster
• Protoplanetary Disk Structures in Ophiuchus II: Extension to Fainter Sources
• The SCUBA Legacy Catalogue: Continuum Objects Detected by SCUBA
• Dust Properties of Protoplanetary Disks in the Taurus-Auriga Star Forming Region from Millimeter Wavelengths
• The Physics of Star Formation
• A Submillimeter View of Circumstellar Dust Disks in $\rho$ Ophiuchus
• Dust grain growth in rho-Ophiuchi protoplanetary disks
• Destruction of protoplanetary disks in the Orion Nebula Cluster
• A Resolved Census of Millimeter Emission from Taurus Multiple Star Systems
• A Catalog of Young Stellar Groups and Clusters Within 1kpc of the Sun
• A Multi-color Optical Survey of the Orion Nebula Cluster. II. the H-R diagram
• Viscous diffusion and photoevaporation of stellar disks
• ALMA Observations of the Orion Proplyds
• A Near-Infrared L Band Survey of the Young Embedded Cluster NGC 2024
• Quantitative Evidence for an Intrinsic Age Spread in the Orion Nebula Cluster
• Proplyds and Massive Disks in the Orion Nebula Cluster Imaged with CARMA and SMA
• A Submillimeter Array Survey of Protoplanetary Disks in the Orion Nebula Cluster
• Massive Protoplanetary Disks in the Trapezium Region
• The Masses of the Orion Proplyds from Submillimeter Dust Emission
• Identification of the ionizing source of NGC 2024
• Circumstellar Disks Around Binary Stars in Taurus
• A Mid-Infrared Study of the Young Stellar Population in the NGC 2024 Cluster
• Low Mass Stars and Brown Dwarfs in NGC 2024: Constraints on the Substellar Mass Function
• The Circumstellar Disk Mass Distribution in the Orion Trapezium Cluster
• Distribution of Circumstellar Disk Masses in the Young Cluster NGC 2024
• Disk Masses at the end of the main accretion phase: CARMA Observations and Multi-Wavelength Modeling of Class I Protostars
• A SCUBA-2 850 micron survey of protoplanetary discs in the sigma Orionis cluster
• The (sub-)millimeter SED of protoplanetary disks in the outskirts of the Orion Nebula Cluster
• Constraining the Disk Masses of the Class I Binary Protostar GV Tau
• A Cluster of Compact Radio Sources in NGC 2024 (Orion B)
• The Astrophysical Environment of the Solar Birthplace
• The mm-colors of a young binary disk system in the Orion Nebula Cluster

Cited by in corpus (32)

• Gravitational Instabilities in Circumstellar Disks
• An ALMA Survey of Protoplanetary Disks in the $\sigma$ Orionis Cluster
• Protoplanetary disc truncation mechanisms in stellar clusters: comparing external photoevaporation and tidal encounters
• Protoplanetary Disk Properties in the Orion Nebula Cluster: Initial Results from Deep, High-Resolution ALMA Observations
• External photoevaporation of protoplanetary discs in sparse stellar groups: the impact of dust growth
• Observations of Solids in Protoplanetary Disks
• Orbital Architectures of Planet-Hosting Binaries: I. Forming Five Small Planets in the Truncated Disk of Kepler-444A
• Proplyds around a B1 star - 42 Orionis in NGC 1977
• Spontaneous ring formation in wind-emitting accretion discs
• Collision velocity of dust grains in self-gravitating protoplanetary discs
• Protoplanetary disk masses in NGC 2024: Evidence for two populations
• Protoplanetary Disks in the Orion OMC1 Region Imaged with ALMA
• No evidence for protoplanetary disk destruction by OB stars in the MYStIX sample
• Magnetorotational instability and dynamo action in gravitoturbulent astrophysical discs
• Gravitoturbulent dynamos in astrophysical discs
• Resolved Gas Interior to the Dust Rings of the HD 141569 Disk
• The GRAVITY young stellar object survey. II. First spatially resolved observations of the CO bandhead emission in a high-mass YSO
• External photoevaporation of protoplanetary discs: does location matter?
• Spiral structures in gravito-turbulent gaseous disks
• Testing external photoevaporation in the $\sigma$-Orionis cluster with spectroscopy and disk mass measurements
• Kaleidoscope of irradiated disks: MUSE observations of proplyds in the Orion Nebula Cluster. I. Sample presentation and ionization front sizes
• The Effect of Protoplanetary Disk Cooling Times on the Formation of Gas Giant Planets by Gravitational Instability
• Unveiling a cluster of protostellar disks around the massive protostar GGD27 MM1
• Dust dynamics and vertical settling in gravitoturbulent protoplanetary discs
• Fragmentation of protoplanetary disks around M-dwarfs
• Spiral density waves and vertical circulation in protoplanetary discs
• Hydrodynamic ablation of protoplanetary disks via supernovae
• The JCMT Gould Belt Survey: A First Look at the Auriga-California Molecular Cloud with SCUBA-2
• Gravito-turbulence and dynamo in poorly ionised protostellar discs. I. Zero-net-flux case
• Chandra Observations of Six Peter Pan Disks: Diversity of X-ray-driven Internal Photoevaporation Rates Doesn't Explain Their Rare Longevity
• On the diversification and dissipation of protoplanetary disks
• Impact of the initial disk mass function on the disk fraction