The Gaia-ESO Survey: Stellar content and elemental abundances in the massive cluster NGC 6705

Abstract

Chemically inhomogeneous populations are observed in most globular clusters, but not in open clusters. Cluster mass seems to play a key role in the existence of multiple populations. Studying the chemical homogeneity of the most massive open clusters is necessary to better understand the mechanism of their formation and determine the mass limit under which clusters cannot host multiple populations. Here we studied NGC6705, that is a young and massive open cluster located towards the inner region of the Milky Way. This cluster is located inside the solar circle. This makes it an important tracer of the inner disk abundance gradient. This study makes use of BVI and ri photometry and comparisons with theoretical isochrones to derive the age of NGC6705. We study the density profile of the cluster and the mass function to infer the cluster mass. Based on abundances of the chemical elements distributed in the first internal data release of the Gaia-ESO Survey, we study elemental ratios and the chemical homogeneity of the red clump stars. Radial velocities enable us to study the rotation and internal kinematics of the cluster. The estimated ages range from 250 to 316Myr, depending on the adopted stellar model. Luminosity profiles and mass functions show strong signs of mass segregation. We derive the mass of the cluster from its luminosity function and from the kinematics, finding values between 3700 M${}_{\odot }$ and 11 000 M${}_{\odot }$. After selecting the cluster members from their radial velocities, we obtain a metallicity of [Fe/H]=0.10$\pm$0.06 based on 21 candidate members. Moreover, NGC6705 shows no sign of the typical correlations or anti-correlations between Al, Mg, Si, and Na, that are expected in multiple populations. This is consistent with our cluster mass estimate, which is lower than the required mass limit proposed in literature to develop multiple populations.

References in corpus (52)

• Maps of Dust IR Emission for Use in Estimation of Reddening and CMBR Foregrounds
• On the variation of the Initial Mass Function
• PARSEC: stellar tracks and isochrones with the PAdova and TRieste Stellar Evolution Code
• Correcting for the Effects of Interstellar Extinction
• A grid of MARCS model atmospheres for late-type stars I. Methods and general properties
• The Dartmouth Stellar Evolution Database
• Multiple populations in globular clusters. Lessons learned from the Milky Way globular clusters
• Na-O Anticorrelation and HB. VII. The chemical composition of first and second-generation stars in 15 globular clusters from GIRAFFE spectra
• Fast rotating massive stars and the origin of the abundance patterns in galactic globular clusters
• Formation and Dynamical Evolution of Multiple Stellar Generations in Globular Clusters
• Na-O Anticorrelation and HB. VIII. Proton-capture elements and metallicities in 17 globular clusters from UVES spectra
• The O-Na and Mg-Al Anticorrelations in Turn-Off and early Subgiants in Globular Clusters
• Properties of stellar generations in Globular Clusters and relations with global parameters
• Predictions for self-pollution in globular cluster stars
• Non-LTE calculations for neutral Na in late-type stars using improved atomic data
• Spectroscopic and Photometric evidence of two stellar populations in the Galactic Globular Cluster NGC6121 (M4)
• Empirical extinction coefficients for the GALEX, SDSS, 2MASS and WISE passbands
• Multiple Stellar Populations in the Globular Cluster omega Centauri as Tracers of a Merger Event
• Chemical Abundances for 855 Giants in the Globular Cluster Omega Centauri (NGC 5139)
• Gaia FGK Benchmark Stars - Metallicity
• Early Disc Accretion as the Origin of Abundance Anomalies in Globular Clusters
• Signatures of intrinsic Li depletion and Li-Na anti-correlation in the metal-poor globular cluster NGC6397
• Multiple stellar populations in 47 Tucanae
• The VST Photometric Halpha Survey of the Southern Galactic Plane and Bulge (VPHAS+)
• Planets around evolved intermediate-mass stars. I. Two substellar companions in the open clusters NGC 2423 and NGC 4349
• Using the minimum spanning tree to trace mass segregation
• Internal Kinematics of the Fornax Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy
• Abundances in Stars from the Red Giant Branch Tip to Near the Main Sequence Turn Off in M71: III. Abundance Ratios
• The two metallicity groups of the globular cluster M22: a chemical perspective
• The evolution of the Galactic metallicity gradient from high-resolution spectroscopy of open clusters
• Abundance trends in kinematical groups of the Milky Way's disk
• Building the Galactic halo from globular clusters: evidence from chemically unusual red giants
• Ruprecht 106: the first single population Globular Cluster?
• Rotating Globular Clusters
• Na-O anticorrelation and HB. IX. Kinematics of the program clusters. A link between systemic rotation and HB morphology?
• The Gaia-ESO Survey: processing of the FLAMES-UVES spectra
• Searching for multiple stellar populations in the massive, old open cluster Berkeley 39
• Terzan 8: a Sagittarius-flavoured globular cluster
• The Unique Na:O Abundance Distribution in NGC 6791: The First Open(?) Cluster with Multiple Populations
• The influence of multiple stars on the high-mass stellar initial mass function and age-dating of young massive star clusters
• Lithium and proton-capture elements in Globular Cluster dwarfs: the case of 47 Tuc
• Chemical signatures of the first star clusters
• The Gaia-ESO Survey: Abundance ratios in the inner-disk open clusters Trumpler 20, NGC 4815, NGC 6705
• Constraints on possible age spreads within young massive clusters in the Large Magellanic Cloud
• Open clusters towards the Galactic center: chemistry and dynamics. A VLT spectroscopic study of NGC6192, NGC6404, NGC6583
• DYNAMICS OF THE GALACTIC GLOBULAR CLUSTER NGC 3201
• Structure and stellar content analysis of the open cluster M11 with 2MASS photometry
• Central energy equipartition in multi-mass models of globular clusters
• New algorithms and technologies for the un-supervised reduction of Optical/IR images
• RACE-OC Project: Rotation and variability in the open cluster M11 (NGC6705)
• The anticentre old open clusters Berkeley 27, Berkeley 34, and Berkeley 36: new additions to the BOCCE project
• Variable stars in the Open Cluster M11 (NGC 6705)

Cited by in corpus (53)

• A Gaia DR2 view of the Open Cluster population in the Milky Way
• Painting a portrait of the Galactic disc with its stellar clusters
• Clusters and mirages: cataloguing stellar aggregates in the Milky Way
• What is a globular cluster? An observational perspective
• Gaia-ESO Survey: The analysis of high-resolution UVES spectra of FGK-type stars
• The Gaia-ESO Public Spectroscopic Survey: Implementation, data products, open cluster survey, science, and legacy
• ASteCA - Automated Stellar Cluster Analysis
• The Gaia-ESO Survey: radial distribution of abundances in the Galactic disc from open clusters and young field stars
• Gas expulsion in massive star clusters? Constraints from observations of young and gas-free objects
• Cannibals in the thick disk: the young $\alpha -$rich stars as evolved blue stragglers
• The Gaia-ESO Survey: the present-day radial metallicity distribution of the Galactic disc probed by pre-main-sequence clusters
• The Gaia-ESO survey: the non-universality of the age-chemical-clocks-metallicity relations in the Galactic disc
• Open clusters in APOGEE and GALAH: Combining Gaia and ground-based spectroscopic surveys
• The Gaia-ESO Survey: Sodium and aluminium abundances in giants and dwarfs - Implications for stellar and Galactic chemical evolution
• Discovery of extended main sequence turn offs in Galactic open clusters
• The Gaia-ESO Survey: Probes of the inner disk abundance gradient
• Characterising Open Clusters in the solar neighbourhood with the Tycho-Gaia Astrometric Solution
• Preparing the next gravitational million-body simulations: Evolution of single and binary stars in Nbody6++GPU, MOCCA and McLuster
• The Gaia-ESO Survey: double, triple and quadruple-line spectroscopic binary candidates
• The Gaia-ESO survey: impact of extra-mixing on C- and N-abundances of giant stars
• Newly detected open clusters in the Galactic disk using Gaia EDR3
• The Gaia-ESO survey: Calibrating a relationship between Age and the [C/N] abundance ratio with open clusters
• The Gaia-ESO Survey: CNO abundances in the open clusters Trumpler 20, NGC 4815, and NGC 6705
• NGC 6535: the lowest mass Milky Way globular cluster with a Na-O anti-correlation? Cluster mass and age in the multiple population context
• The Gaia-ESO Survey: Membership probabilities for stars in 63 open and 7 globular clusters from 3D kinematics
• The Gaia-ESO Survey: Insights on the inner-disc evolution from open clusters
• The Gaia-ESO Survey: the origin and evolution of s-process elements
• A catalogue of 74 new open clusters found in Gaia Data-Release 2
• OCCASO III. Iron peak and $\alpha$ elements of 18 open clusters. Comparison with chemical evolution models and field stars
• Gaia-ESO Survey: The analysis of pre-main sequence stellar spectra
• The OCCASO survey: Presentation and radial velocities of twelve Milky Way Open Clusters
• OCCASO II. Physical parameters and Fe abundances of Red Clump stars in 18 Open Clusters
• NGC 6067: a young and massive open cluster with high metallicity
• The Gaia-ESO Survey: Target selection of open cluster stars
• The Gaia-ESO Survey: Calibrating the lithium-age relation with open clusters and associations. I. Cluster age range and initial membership selections
• Abundances and kinematics for ten anticentre open clusters
• The Gaia-ESO Survey: detection and characterization of single line spectroscopic binaries
• OCCASO V. Chemical-abundance trends with Galactocentric distance and age
• The Gaia-ESO Survey: the inner disk, intermediate-age open cluster Trumpler 23
• Stellar Population Astrophysics (SPA) with TNG. The old open clusters Collinder 350, Gulliver 51, NGC 7044, and Ruprecht 171
• Migration in the shearing sheet and estimates for young open cluster migration
• The $Gaia$-ESO Survey: the inner disk intermediate-age open cluster NGC 6802
• NGC 6705 a young $\alpha$-enhanced Open Cluster from OCCASO data
• Stellar Open Clusters' Membership Probabilities: an N-Dimensional Geometrical Approach
• Deep secrets of intermediate-mass giants and supergiants: Models with rotation seem to overestimate mixing effects on the surface abundances of C, N, and Na
• CNO abundances and carbon isotope ratios in evolved stars of the open clusters NGC 2324, NGC 2477, and NGC 3960
• The Gaia-ESO Survey: The inner disc, intermediate-age open cluster Pismis 18
• Extended main sequence turn-off originated from a broad range of stellar rotational velocities
• Stellar populations in star clusters
• Radial velocities and metallicities from infrared Ca II triplet spectroscopy of open clusters II. Berkeley 23, King 1, NGC 559, NGC 6603 and NGC 7245
• Chemical abundances of the young inner-disk open cluster NGC 6705 observed by APOGEE: sodium-rich and not $\alpha$-enhanced
• A massive open cluster hiding in full sight
• Double-lined spectroscopic binaries in M11