Topological surface state in the Kondo Insulator Samarium Hexaboride

Abstract

Strongly correlated electron systems show many exotic properties such as unconventional superconductity, quantum criticality, and Kondo insulating behavior. In addition, the Kondo insulator SmB6 has been predicted theoretically to be a 3D topological insulator with a metallic surface state. We report here transport measurements on doped SmB6, which show that ~3% magnetic and non-magnetic dopants in SmB6 exhibit clearly contrasting behavior, evidence that the metallic surface state is only destroyed when time reversal symmetry is broken. We find as well a quantum percolation limit of impurity concentration which transform the topological insulator into a conventional band insulator by forming impurity band. Our careful thickness dependence results show that SmB6 is the first demonstatrated perfect 3D topological insulator with virtually zero residual bulk conductivity.

17 pages, 7 figures

References in corpus (5)

• A topological Dirac insulator in a quantum spin Hall phase : Experimental observation of first strong topological insulator
• Quantum criticality
• Correlated Topological Insulators with Mixed Valence
• Topological Crystalline Kondo Insulator in Mixed Valence Ytterbium Borides
• Polarity-driven surface metallicity in SmB${}_6$

Cited by in corpus (168)

• Colloquium: Topological Band Theory
• Interacting topological insulators: a review
• Consequences of breaking time reversal symmetry in LaSb: a resistivity plateau and extreme magnetoresistance
• Topological quantum matter with cold atoms
• Topological Kondo Insulators
• Direct observation of the spin texture in strongly correlated SmB6 as evidence of the topological Kondo insulator
• Quantum Materials for Spin and Charge Conversion
• The Challenge of Spin-Orbit-Tuned Ground States in Iridates
• Magnetotransport of single crystalline YSb
• Tuning bulk and surface conduction in topological Kondo insulator SmB6
• Hybridization gap and Fano resonance in SmB${}_6$
• Quantum Oscillations of Electrical Resistivity in an Insulator
• Kondo Breakdown in Topological Kondo Insulators
• Field-induced resistivity plateau and unsaturated negative magnetoresistance in topological semimetal TaSb2
• Kondo Breakdown and Quantum Oscillations in SmB${}_6$
• One-dimensional edge state transport in a topological Kondo insulator
• Correlation between bulk thermodynamic measurements and the low temperature resistance plateau in SmB6
• Samarium hexaboride: A trivial surface conductor
• The translational side of topological band insulators
• Skyrme insulators: insulators at the brink of superconductivity
• Möbius Kondo Insulators
• Possible Weyl fermions in the magnetic Kondo system CeSb
• Electronic structures of transition metal dipnictides $XP{n}_2$ ($X$=Ta, Nb; $Pn$=P, As, Sb)
• Additional energy scale in SmB${}_6$ at low temperature
• Low carrier concentration crystals of the topological insulator Bi${}_{2-x}$Sb${}_x$Te${}_{3-y}$Se${}_y$: a magnetotransport study
• Imaging emergent heavy Dirac fermions of a topological Kondo insulator
• Weak Antilocalization and Linear Magnetoresistance in The Surface State of SmB6
• Surface Theory of a Family of Topological Kondo Insulators
• Anomalous 3D bulk AC conduction within the Kondo gap of SmB${}_6$ single crystals
• Exotic Kondo crossover in a wide temperature region in the topological Kondo insulator SmB6 revealed by high-resolution ARPES
• Non-Kondo-like Electronic Structure in the Correlated Rare-Earth Hexaboride YbB${}_6$
• Heavy surface state in a possible topological Kondo insulator: Magneto-thermoelectric transport on the (011)-plane of SmB${}_6$
• Topological surface states interacting with bulk excitations in the Kondo insulator SmB${}_6$ revealed via planar tunneling spectroscopy
• Composition-spread Growth and the Robust Topological Surface State of Kondo insulator SmB6 Thin Films
• 4$f$ crystal field ground state of the strongly correlated topological insulator SmB${}_6$
• Coexistence of light and heavy surface states in a topological multi-band Kondo insulator
• Magnetotransport Measurements of the Surface States of Samarium Hexaboride using Corbino Structures
• Hysteretic Magnetotransport in SmB6 at Low Magnetic Fields
• Fermi Surface Topology and Hotspots Distribution in Kondo Lattice System CeB6
• Spin Injection and Inverse Edelstein Effect in the Surface States of Topological Kondo Insulator SmB6
• CeRu${}_4$Sn${}_6$: a strongly correlated material with nontrivial topology
• Magnetic and defect probes of the SmB${}_6$ surface state
• Self-organized pseudo-graphene on grain boundaries in topological band insulators
• Band symmetries of mixed-valence topological insulator: SmB6
• Electronic structure of YbB${}_6$: Is it a Topological Insulator or not?
• Bulk and surface electronic properties of SmB6: a hard x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy study
• Surface state reconstruction in ion-damaged SmB_6
• Pressure-induced quantum phase transitions in topological insulator YbB6
• Lattice instability and enhancement of superconductivity in YB${}_6$
• Topological properties and the dynamical crossover from mixed-valence to Kondo-lattice behavior in golden phase of SmS
• Scanning tunneling spectroscopy and surface quasiparticle interference in models for the strongly correlated topological insulators SmB6 and PuB6
• Distinct topological crystalline phases in models for the strongly correlated topological insulator SmB6
• Low-temperature magnetic fluctuations in the Kondo insulator SmB6
• Topological phase transition and phonon-space Dirac topology surfaces in ZrTe${}_5$
• Stable topological insulators achieved using high energy electron beams
• From Trivial Kondo Insulator Ce${}_3$Pt${}_3$Bi${}_4$ to Topological Nodal-line Semimetal Ce${}_3$Pd${}_3$Bi${}_4$
• Consistency between ARPES and STM measurements on SmB${}_6$
• Magnetic interactions at the nanoscale in trilayer titanates LaTiO${}_3$/SrTiO${}_3$/YTiO${}_3$
• Extremely large magnetoresistance and the complete determination of the Fermi surface topology in the semimetal ScSb
• Hybridization gap formation in the Kondo insulator YbB${}_{12}$ observed using time-resolved photoemission spectroscopy
• In-gap collective mode spectrum of the Topological Kondo Insulator SmB6
• Magnetic field-tuned quantum criticality in a Kondo insulator
• Towards the manipulation of topological states of matter: A perspective from electron transport
• Two-dimensional heavy fermions on the strongly correlated boundaries of Kondo topological insulators
• Observation of the superconducting proximity effect in the surface state of SmB6 thin films
• Incomplete Protection of the Surface Weyl Cones of the Kondo Insulator SmB${}_6$: Spin Exciton Scattering
• Excitonic and Nematic Instabilities on the Surface of Topological Kondo Insulators
• Surface-state-dominated transport in crystals of the topological crystalline insulator In-doped Pb${}_{1-x}$Sn${}_x$Te
• Chemical and valence reconstruction at the surface of SmB6 revealed with resonant soft x-ray reflectometry
• Comparative study of rare earth hexaborides using high resolution angle-resolved photoemission
• Intrinsic bulk quantum oscillations in a bulk unconventional insulator SmB${}_6$
• Topological surface conduction in Kondo insulator YbB${}_{12}$
• Unconventional free charge in the correlated semimetal Nd2Ir2O7
• Suppression of magnetic excitations near the surface of the topological Kondo insulator SmB6
• Collective infrared excitation in rare-earth Gd${}_x$La${}_{1-x}$B${}_6$ hexaborides
• The Effects of Spin-Excitons on the Surface States of SmB6: A Photoemission Study
• Surface-induced positive planar Hall effect in topological Kondo insulator SmB6 microribbons
• Hall anomaly, Quantum Oscillations and Possible Lifshitz Transitions in Kondo Insulator YbB${}_{12}$: Evidence for Unconventional Charge Transport
• Topological Kondo insulators in one dimension: Continuous Haldane-type ground-state evolution from the strongly-interacting to the non-interacting limit
• SmO thin films: a flexible route to correlated flat bands with nontrivial topology
• Crossover of Magnetoresistance from Fourfold to Twofold Symmetry in SmB6 Single Crystal, a topological Kondo insulator
• Spin textures on general surfaces of the correlated topological insulator SmB6
• Bulk Rotational Symmetry Breaking in Kondo Insulator SmB6
• Magnetic impurities in Kondo insulators: An application to samarium hexaboride
• Probing FeSi, a d-electron topological Kondo insulator candidate, with magnetic field, pressure, and microwaves
• Spin- and angle-resolved photoemission on the topological Kondo Insulator candidate: SmB6
• Robust Surface States indicated by Magnetotransport in SmB6 Thin Films
• Physical properties of KMgBi single crystals
• Haldane phase in one-dimensional topological Kondo insulators
• Radio Frequency Tunable Oscillator Device Based on SmB6 Microcrystal
• ARPES insights on the metallic states of YbB6(001): E(k) dispersion, temporal changes and spatial variation
• Diamagnetic Sm${}^{3+}$ in the topological Kondo insulator SmB${}_6$
• The anomalous antiferromagnetic topological phase in pressurized SmB6
• Electrical detection of surface spin polarization of candidate topological Kondo insulator SmB6
• Metallic Surface States Probed Within the Microwave Skin Depth of the Putative Topological Insulator YBiPt Compound
• Probing the Origin of Extreme Magnetoresistance in Pr/Sm Mono-Antimonides/Bismuthides
• Chern Kondo Insulator in an Optical Lattice
• Planar tunneling spectroscopy of the topological Kondo insulator SmB${}_6$
• A RIXS investigation of the crystal-field splitting of Sm${}^{3+}$ in SmB${}_6$
• Quantum spin fluctuations in the bulk insulating state of pure and Fe-doped SmB6
• Multiple topological Dirac cones in a mixed-valent Kondo semimetal: g-SmS
• Puzzle maker in SmB6: accompany-type valence fluctuation state
• Signature of surface state coupling in thin films of the topological Kondo insulator SmB${}_6$ from anisotropic magnetoresistance
• Many-body instabilities and mass generation in slow Dirac materials
• Fragility of the Kondo insulating gap against disorder: relevance to recent puzzles in topological Kondo insulators
• Ferromagnetism and glassiness on the surface of topological insulators
• Vortices and vortex states in Rashba spin-orbit-coupled condensates
• Ultrafast terahertz spectroscopy study of Kondo insulating thin film SmB${}_6$: evidence for an emergent surface state
• Impurities or a neutral Fermi surface? A further examination of the low-energy ac optical conductivity of SmB${}_6$
• Ab initio study of nontrivial topological phases in corundum structured $($M${}_2$O${}_3)/($Al${}_2$O${}_3{)}_5$ multilayers
• Bulk transport paths through defects in floating zone and Al flux grown SmB${}_6$
• Robust surface states and coherence phenomena in magnetically alloyed SmB6
• Shadow surface states in topological Kondo insulators
• Emergence of fermionic finite-temperature critical point in a Kondo lattice
• Universal properties of the near-gap spectra of SmB6: dynamical mean-field calculations and photoemission experiments
• Realizing Topological Mott Insulators from the RKKY Interaction
• Non-universal weak antilocalization effect in cubic topological Kondo insulators
• Correlated Topological Mixed-Valence Insulators in Moiré Hetero-Bilayers
• Probing the interplay between surface and bulk states in the topological Kondo insulator SmB${}_6$ through conductance fluctuation spectroscopy
• Kramers' doublet ground state in topological Kondo insulators
• Irreversible proliferation of magnetic moments at cleaved surfaces of the topological Kondo insulator SmB6
• Surface vs bulk electronic structures of a moderately correlated topological insulator YbB6 revealed by ARPES
• How to identify and characterize strongly correlated topological semimetals
• Optical conductivity of topological Kondo insulating states
• Many-body breakdown of indirect gap in topological Kondo insulators
• Comparative Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Study on Hexaborides
• An STM perspective on hexaborides: Surface states of the Kondo insulator SmB${}_6$
• Topological nature of the Kondo insulator SmB${}_6$ and its sensitiveness to Sm vacancy
• Electrical detection of the inverse Edelstein effect on the surface of SmB${}_6$
• Surface reconstruction in a tight-binding model for the topological Kondo insulator SmB6
• Realizing a topological diode effect on the surface of a topological Kondo insulator
• Interacting topological phases in thin films of topological mirror Kondo insulators
• Unconventional Josephson junctions with topological Kondo insulator weak links
• Magneto-optical imaging of stepwise magnetic domain disintegration at characteristic temperatures in EuB_6
• Quantum phase transition and destruction of Kondo effect in pressurized SmB6
• Slow crystalline electric field fluctuations in the Kondo lattice SmB${}_6$
• Quasi-linear magnetoresistance and paramagnetic singularity in Hypervalent Bismuthide
• Topological surface states in the Kondo insulator YbB${}_{12}$ revealed via planar tunneling spectroscopy
• Direct observation of surface state thermal oscillation in SmB6 oscillators
• Tunable chirality and circular dichroism of a topological insulator with $C_{2v}$ symmetry as a function of Rashba and Dresselhaus parameters
• Magnetic effects on Chern Kondo insulator
• Surface excitations relaxation in the Kondo insulator Sm${}_{1-x}$Gd${}_x$B${}_6$
• Topological quantum phase transition in strongly correlated Kondo insulators in 1D
• Large surface conductance and two-dimensional superconductivity in microstructured crystalline topological insulators
• Persistence of correlation-driven surface states in SmB6 under pressure
• Thermoelectric signals of state transition in polycrystalline SmB6
• Observation of the superconducting proximity effect from surface states in SmB${}_6$/YB${}_6$ thin film heterostructures via terahertz spectroscopy
• Interacting fermions in narrow-gap semiconductors with band inversion
• Importance of orbital fluctuations for the magnetic dynamics in heavy-fermion compound SmB${}_6$
• Mapping out the emergence of topological features in the highly alloyed topological Kondo insulators Sm${}_{1-x}{M}_x$B${}_6$ ($M$=Eu, Ce)
• Pressure studies of the quantum critical alloy Ce(0.93)Yb(0.07)CoIn5
• Screened moments in a Kondo insulator
• The role of the short range magnetic correlations on the gap opening of the topological Kondo insulators
• Nanoscale Conducting and Insulating Domains on YbB${}_6$
• Ultrasonic investigation of the Kondo semimetal CeBi
• Emergent photovoltage on SmB6 surface upon bulk-gap evolution revealed by pump-and-probe photoemission spectroscopy
• f-electron charge densities probed using core level non-resonant inelastic x-ray scattering
• Direct measurement of a remnant Fermi surface in SmB6
• Diagnosing a strong topological insulator by quantum oscillations
• Thermal conductivity of the Kondo semiconductor CeRu${}_4$Sn${}_6$
• On Topological Kondo Insulator Plasmonics
• Investigation of Surface State of Topological Kondo Insulator with Rashba Impurities
• Electronic correlations and topology in Kondo insulator PuB${}_6$
• Spectral properties of strongly correlated multi impurity models in the Kondo insulator regime: Emergent coherence, metallic surface states and quantum phase transitions
• Intrinsic one-dimensional conducting channels in the Kondo insulator SmB6
• Effect of valence fluctuations on the ground state properties of SmB6
• The enabling electronic motif for topological insulation in ABO3 perovskites and its structural stability
• Chiral transport and electronic correlations in surface states of HfNiSn single crystals