An SU(N) Mott insulator of an atomic Fermi gas realized by large-spin Pomeranchuk cooling

Abstract

The Hubbard model, containing only the minimum ingredients of nearest neighbor hopping and on-site interaction for correlated electrons, has succeeded in accounting for diverse phenomena observed in solid-state materials. One of the interesting extensions is to enlarge its spin symmetry to SU(N>2), which is closely related to systems with orbital degeneracy. Here we report a successful formation of the SU(6) symmetric Mott insulator state with an atomic Fermi gas of ytterbium (173Yb) in a three-dimensional optical lattice. Besides the suppression of compressibility and the existence of charge excitation gap which characterize a Mott insulating phase, we reveal an important difference between the cases of SU(6) and SU(2) in the achievable temperature as the consequence of different entropy carried by an isolated spin. This is analogous to Pomeranchuk cooling in solid 3He and will be helpful for investigating exotic quantum phases of SU(N) Hubbard system at extremely low temperatures.

20 pages, 6 figures, to appear in Nature Physics

References in corpus (19)

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• Ultracold fermions and the SU(N) Hubbard model
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• Mott Insulators of Ultracold Fermionic Alkaline Earth Atoms: Underconstrained Magnetism and Chiral Spin Liquid
• Two-color photoassociation spectroscopy of ytterbium atoms and the precise determinations of s-wave scattering lengths
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• Interference pattern and visibility of a Mott insulator
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• Quantum Monte Carlo study of confined fermions in one-dimensional optical lattices
• Discerning Incompressible and Compressible Phases of Cold Atoms in Optical Lattices
• Dynamically Generated Double Occupancy as a Probe of Cold Atom Systems
• Entropy dependence of correlations in one-dimensional SU(N) antiferromagnets
• Adiabatic loading of one-dimensional SU(N) alkaline earth fermions in optical lattices
• Ground States of the SU(N) Heisenberg Model
• Thermodynamics of the three-dimensional Hubbard model: Implications for cooling cold atomic gases in optical lattices
• Coherent pumping of a Mott insulator: Fermi golden rule versus Rabi oscillations

Cited by in corpus (127)

• Tools for quantum simulation with ultracold atoms in optical lattices
• A one-dimensional liquid of fermions with tunable spin
• Dipolar physics: A review of experiments with magnetic quantum gases
• Spectroscopic observation of SU(N)-symmetric interactions in Sr orbital magnetism
• Observation of two-orbital spin-exchange interactions with ultracold SU(N)-symmetric fermions
• Ultracold Fermi Gases with Emergent SU(N) Symmetry
• Atomic Quantum Simulation of U(N) and SU(N) Non-Abelian Lattice Gauge Theories
• Direct observation of coherent inter-orbital spin-exchange dynamics
• Mott insulating states with competing orders in the triangular lattice Hubbard model
• Production of quantum degenerate strontium gases: Larger, better, faster, colder
• Quantum correlations and entanglement in far-from-equilibrium spin systems
• Spin-orbit coupled two-electron Fermi gases of ytterbium atoms
• Compressibility of a fermionic Mott insulator of ultracold atoms
• Adiabatic loading of one-dimensional SU(N) alkaline earth fermions in optical lattices
• Flavour-selective localization in interacting lattice fermions via SU(N) symmetry breaking
• Quantum spin models for the SU(n)_1 Wess-Zumino-Witten model
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• Observation of the Sign Reversal of the Magnetic Correlation in a Driven-Dissipative Fermi Gas in Double Wells
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• Universal thermodynamics of an SU($N$) Fermi-Hubbard Model
• Nagaoka states in the SU($n$) Hubbard model
• Non-Abelian SU(N-1)-singlet fractional quantum Hall states from coupled wires
• Phase diagrams of one-dimensional half-filled two-orbital SU(N) cold fermions systems
• Reservoir spectroscopy of 5s5p ${}^3$P${}_2$ - 5s$n$d ${}^3$D${}_{1,2,3}$ transitions in strontium
• Quantum Monte Carlo simulation of thermodynamic properties of SU(2N) ultracold fermions in optical lattices
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• Interaction-resistant metals in multicomponent Fermi systems
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• Bose-Einstein condensation of Efimovian triples in the unitary Bose gas
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• Metal-insulator transition and magnetism of SU(3) fermions in the square lattice
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• Strain and pseudo-magnetic fields in optical lattices from density-assisted tunneling
• Exact eigenstates of extended SU($N$) Hubbard models: Generalizations of $\eta$-pairing states with $N$-particle off-diagonal long-range order
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• Structure of Spin Correlations in High Temperature SU($N$) Quantum Magnets
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• A strontium quantum-gas microscope
• Preparing Atomic Topological Quantum Matter by Adiabatic Nonunitary Dynamics
• Mott made easy
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• Persistent currents in ultracold gases
• Magnetic, thermodynamic, and dynamical properties of the three-dimensional fermionic Hubbard model: A comprehensive Monte Carlo study
• Exact diagonalization of $\mathrm{SU}(N)$ Heisenberg and AKLT chains using the full $\mathrm{SU}(N)$ symmetry
• Many-body Physics of Ultracold Alkaline-Earth atoms with SU($N$)-symmetric interactions
• SU(N) magnetism with ultracold molecules
• Exact eigenstates of multicomponent Hubbard models: SU($N$) magnetic $\eta$ pairing, weak ergodicity breaking, and partial integrability
• Breaking of SU(4) symmetry and interplay between strongly correlated phases in the Hubbard model
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• Emergence of Competing Orders and Possible Quantum Spin Liquid in SU(N) Fermions
• Engineering infinite-range SU($n$) interactions with spin-orbit-coupled fermions in an optical lattice
• Projection of Infinite-$U$ Hubbard Model and Algebraic Sign Structure
• Generalized Schrieffer-Wolff transformation of multi-flavor Hubbard models
• Intertwining SU($N$) symmetry and frustration on a honeycomb lattice
• SU(4)-symmetric Hubbard model at quarter filling: Insights from the dynamical mean-field approach
• Ferromagnetism in the SU(N) Kondo lattice model -- SU(N) double exchange and supersymmetry
• Topological terms of (2+1)d flag-manifold sigma models
• Hidden Bethe states in a partially integrable model
• Exotic pairing in 1D spin-3/2 atomic gases with $SO(4)$ symmetry
• Multivalent optical cycling centers in polyatomic molecules
• Symmetry-protected topological phases in the SU(N) Heisenberg spin chain: a Majorana-fermion approach
• Synthetic-gauge-field-induced resonances and Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov states in a one-dimensional optical lattice
• Linear Flavor-Wave Analysis of SU(4)-Symmetric Tetramer Model with Population Imbalance
• High-fidelity imaging of a band insulator in a three-dimensional optical lattice clock
• Photoassociation spectroscopy of ultracold ${}^{173}$Yb atoms near the intercombination line
• Cooling schemes for two-component fermions in layered optical lattices
• Coherent control over the high-dimensional space of the nuclear spin of alkaline-earth atoms
• Size and shape of Mott regions for fermionic atoms in a two-dimensional optical lattice
• Relation between the noise correlations and the spin structure factor for Mott-insulating states in SU$(N)$ Hubbard models
• Engineering of a Low-Entropy Quantum Simulator for Strongly Correlated Electrons Using SU($\mathcal{N}$)-Symmetric Cold Atom Mixtures
• Digital quantum simulation of lattice fermion theories with local encoding
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• Even-odd effects in the $J_1-J_2$ SU($N$) Heisenberg spin chain
• Entanglement blossom in a simplex matryoshka
• Microsecond-scale high-survival and number-resolved detection of ytterbium atom arrays
• Stabilization of the chiral phase of the SU($6m$) Heisenberg model on the honeycomb lattice with $m$ particles per site for $m$ larger than 1
• Eigenspectrum, Chern Numbers and Phase Diagrams of Ultracold Color-orbit Coupled SU(3) Fermions in Optical Lattices
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• Many-body correlations in one-dimensional optical lattices with alkaline-earth(-like) atoms
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• Spectroscopic evidence for engineered hadron formation in repulsive fermionic $\text{SU}(N)$ Hubbard Models
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• Quasiperiodic magnetic chain as a spin filter for arbitrary spin states
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• Quantum Criticality of one-dimensional multicomponent Fermi Gas with Strongly Attractive Interaction
• Itinerant ferromagnetism in an SU(3) Fermi-Hubbard model at finite temperatures: A dynamical mean-field theory study
• Structural complexity of snapshots of 2D Fermi-Hubbard systems
• Cyclotron Dynamics of a Kondo Singlet in a Spin-Orbit-Coupled Alkaline-Earth Atomic Gas
• Partial suppression of magnetism in the square lattice SU(3) Hubbard model
• Phase transition of an SU(3) symmetric spin-1 chain
• The Symmetry Principle in Condensed Matter Physics (I)
• Sigma-model analysis of $SU(3)$ antiferromagnetic spins on the triangular lattice
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• Entanglement Spectrum as a diagnostic of chirality of Topological Spin Liquids: Analysis of an $\mathrm{SU}(3)$ PEPS
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• Trion ordering in the attractive three-color Hubbard model on a $\pi$-flux square lattice
• Edge states and universality class of the critical two-box symmetric SU(3) chain
• Topological Color-Hall Insulators: SU(3) Fermions in Optical Lattices
• Hydrodynamic equations for a U(N) invariant superfluid