Modeling the spectral evolution of PWNe inside SNRs
arXiv:1005.1831 · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.17449.x
Abstract
We present a new model for the spectral evolution of Pulsar Wind Nebulae inside Supernova Remnants. The model couples the long-term dynamics of these systems, as derived in the 1-D approximation, with a 1-zone description of the spectral evolution of the emitting plasma. Our goal is to provide a simplified theoretical description that can be used as a tool to put constraints on unknown properties of PWN-SNR systems: a piece of work that is preliminary to any more accurate and sophisticated modeling. In the present paper we apply the newly developed model to a few objects of different ages and luminosities. We find that an injection spectrum in the form of a broken-power law gives a satisfactory description of the emission for all the systems we consider. More surprisingly, we also find that the intrinsic spectral break turns out to be at a similar energy for all sources, in spite of the differences mentioned above. We discuss the implications of our findings on the workings of pulsar magnetospheres, pair multiplicity and on the particle acceleration mechanism(s) that might be at work at the pulsar wind termination shock.
20 Pages, 6 Figures, Submitted to MNRAS
References in corpus (23)
- Particle acceleration in relativistic collisionless shocks: Fermi process at last?
- VHE Gamma-Ray Observation of the Crab Nebula and its Pulsar with the MAGIC telescope
- Fermi Large Area Telescope Observations of the Crab Pulsar and Nebula
- A Dynamical Model for the Evolution of a Pulsar Wind Nebula inside a Non-Radiative Supernova Remnant
- On the Momentum Diffusion of Radiating Ultrarelativistic Electrons in a Turbulent Magnetic Field
- Three-dimensional numerical simulations of the pulsar magentoshere: Preliminary results
- Simulated synchrotron emission from Pulsar Wind Nebulae
- Fermi LAT Observations of the Vela Pulsar
- Heating and Non-thermal Particle Acceleration in Relativistic, Transverse Magnetosonic Shock Waves in Proton-Electron-Positron Plasmas
- Observations of "wisps" in magnetohydrodynamic simulations of the Crab Nebula
- Non-thermal emission from relativistic MHD simulations of PWNe: from synchrotron to inverse Compton
- Detection of the energetic pulsar PSR B1509-58 and its pulsar wind nebula in MSH 15-52 using the Fermi-Large Area Telescope
- The Distance of the SNR Kes 75 and PWN PSR J1846-0258 System
- Radio Images of 3C 58: Expansion and Motion of its Wisp
- Deep Chandra Observation of the Pulsar Wind Nebula Powered by the Pulsar J1846-0258 in the Supernova Remnant Kes 75
- Outer-gap vs. Slot-gap Models for Pulsar High Energy Emissions: The Case of the Crab Pulsar
- The Infrared Detection of the Pulsar Wind Nebula in the Galactic Supernova Remnant 3C 58
- Probing the Nature of the Vela X Cocoon
- The Crab Nebula's Composition and Precursor Star Mass
- Observations of X-rays and Thermal Dust Emission from the Supernova Remnant Kes 75
- Observation of an extended VHE gamma-ray emission from MSH 15-52 with CANGAROO-III
- Evidence for Pre-SN Mass Loss in the Galactic SNR 3C 58
- Self-consistent modeling of pair cascades in the polar cap of a pulsar
Cited by in corpus (159)
- The Proto-Magnetar Model for Gamma-Ray Bursts
- The Maximum Energy of Accelerated Particles in Relativistic Collisionless Shocks
- Gamma-ray flares from the Crab Nebula
- Acceleration of Particles at the Termination Shock of a Relativistic Striped Wind
- The microphysics of collisionless shock waves
- The surprising Crab pulsar and its nebula: A review
- Current Flow and Pair Creation at Low Altitude in Rotation Powered Pulsars' Force-Free Magnetospheres: Space-Charge Limited Flow
- Relativistic Shocks: Particle Acceleration and Magnetization
- Peta-electron volt gamma-ray emission from the Crab Nebula
- Pulsar Wind Nebulae as Cosmic Pevatrons: A Current Sheet's Tale
- On the polar cap cascade pair multiplicity of young pulsars
- Astrophysical models for the origin of the positron "excess"
- The origin of galactic cosmic rays
- Measurement of the Crab Nebula spectrum over three decades in energy with the MAGIC telescopes
- Time-dependent modeling of pulsar wind nebulae: Study on the impact of the diffusion-loss approximations
- Pulsar-Wind Nebulae: Recent Progress in Observations and Theory
- Signatures of pulsars in the light curves of newly formed supernova remnants
- Pulsar wind nebulae with bow shocks: non-thermal radiation and cosmic ray leptons
- On the maximum pair multiplicity of pulsar cascades
- Study of the diffuse gamma-ray emission from the Galactic plane with ARGO-YBJ
- Fundamentals of collisionless shocks for astrophysical application, 2. Relativistic shocks
- A Particle Module for the PLUTO Code: I - an implementation of the MHD-PIC equations
- Pulsar-wind nebulae and magnetar outflows: observations at radio, X-ray, and gamma-ray wavelengths
- First-principles demonstration of diffusive-advective particle acceleration in kinetic simulations of relativistic plasma turbulence
- Magnetic dissipation in the Crab Nebula
- Particle Transport in Young Pulsar Wind Nebulae
- Radio pulsars: already fifty years!
- Radio Emission Physics in the Crab Pulsar
- Galactic factories of cosmic-ray electrons and positrons
- Study of Four Young TeV Pulsar Wind Nebulae with a Spectral Evolution Model
- Modelling the high-energy emission from gamma-ray binaries using numerical relativistic hydrodynamics
- Gamma-ray halos around pulsars as the key to understanding cosmic ray transport in the Galaxy
- Effects of synchrotron cooling and pair production on collisionless relativistic reconnection
- Relativistic magnetic reconnection in collisionless ion-electron plasmas explored with particle-in-cell simulations
- Properties of Young Pulsar Wind Nebulae: TeV Detectability and Their Pulsar Properties
- Constraints on particle acceleration sites in the Crab Nebula from relativistic MHD simulations
- Multi-D magnetohydrodynamic modelling of pulsar wind nebulae: recent progress and open questions
- On the MHD modeling of the Crab Nebula radio emission
- ASTRI Mini-Array Core Science at the Observatorio del Teide
- Detection of the Pulsar Wind Nebula HESS J1825-137 with the Fermi Large Area Telescope
- On ultra-high energy cosmic ray acceleration at the termination shock of young pulsar winds
- NuSTAR Discovery of a Young, Energetic Pulsar Associated with the Luminous Gamma-ray Source HESS J1640-465
- The energetics of relativistic magnetic reconnection: ion-electron repartition and particle distribution hardness
- Proton acceleration in pulsar magnetospheres
- Interpreting Crab Nebula synchrotron spectrum: two acceleration mechanisms
- Does the Geminga, Monogem and PSR J0622+3749 -ray halos imply slow diffusion around pulsars?
- Multi-Zone Modeling of The Pulsar Wind Nebula HESS J1825-137
- A Broadband Study of the Emission from the Composite Supernova Remnant MSH 11-62
- The dust content of the Crab Nebula
- Absorption Features in the X-ray Spectrum of an Ordinary Radio Pulsar
- Chandra, Keck and VLA Observations of the Crab Nebula during the 2011-April Gamma-ray Flare
- The theory of pulsar wind nebulae
- Radio Transients from the Accretion Induced Collapse of White Dwarfs
- Cosmic-ray positrons from millisecond pulsars
- Particle acceleration in explosive relativistic reconnection events and Crab Nebula gamma-ray flares
- Particle acceleration in explosive relativistic reconnection events and Crab Nebula gamma-ray flares
- Characterization of the optical and X-ray properties of the northwestern wisps in the Crab Nebula
- Crab flares due to turbulent dissipation of the pulsar striped wind
- Discovery of TeV gamma-ray emission from the pulsar wind nebula 3C 58 by MAGIC
- The brightening of the pulsar wind nebula of PSR B0540--69 after its spin-down rate transition
- Turbulent magnetic relaxation in pulsar wind nebulae
- Pulsar Wind Bubble Blowout from a Supernova
- Expansion and Brightness Changes in the Pulsar-Wind Nebula in the Composite Supernova Remnant Kes 75
- The Properties of the Progenitor Supernova, Pulsar Wind, and Neutron Star inside PWN G54.1+0.3
- Features in cosmic-ray lepton data unveil the properties of nearby cosmic accelerators
- The imprint of pulsar parameters on the morphology of Pulsar Wind Nebulae
- An energy-conserving, particle dominated, time-dependent model of 3C58 and its observability at high-energies
- Molecular environment, reverberation, and radiation from the pulsar wind nebula in CTA 1
- Brightening X-ray/Optical/Radio Emission of GW170817/SGRB 170817A: Results of an Electron-Positron Wind from the Central Engine?
- On the Radio Emitting Particles of the Crab Nebula: Stochastic Acceleration Model
- Investigating the nature of MGRO J1908+06 with multiwavelength observations
- Reverberation of pulsar wind nebulae (I): Impact of the medium properties and other parameters upon the extent of the compression
- Lepto-Hadronic Origin of gamma-rays from the G54.1+0.3 Pulsar Wind Nebula
- The effects of magnetic field, age, and intrinsic luminosity on Crab-like pulsar wind nebulae
- Revised predictions of neutrino fluxes from Pulsar Wind Nebulae
- Search for gamma-ray emission from super-luminous supernovae with the Fermi-LAT
- Modeling the γ-ray Pulsar Wind Nebulae population in our Galaxy
- Are pulsar halos rare ?
- On the anomalously large extension of the Pulsar Wind Nebula HESS J1825-137
- Extended hard X-ray emission from the Vela pulsar wind nebula
- Population synthesis of pulsar wind nebulae and pulsar halos in the Milky Way -- Predicted contributions to the very-high-energy sky
- On the puzzling high-energy pulsations of the energetic radio-quiet -ray pulsar J18131246
- High-Energy Neutrino Signatures of Newborn Pulsars In the Local Universe
- TeV halos and the role of pulsar wind nebulae as sources of cosmic ray positrons
- A rotationally-powered magnetar nebula around Swift J1834.9-0846
- Observing and modeling the gamma-ray emission from pulsar/pulsar wind nebula complex PSR J0205+6449/3C 58
- Reverberation of pulsar wind nebulae (II): Anatomy of the "thin-shell'' evolution
- Spatial Distribution of Pair Production over the Pulsar Polar Cap
- Multi-band Emission up to PeV Energy from the Crab Nebula in a Spatially Dependent Lepto-hadronic Model
- From young to old: the evolutionary path of Pulsar Wind Nebulae
- A systematic synchro-curvature modelling of pulsar -ray spectra unveils hidden trends
- Particle-in-cell simulations of shock-driven reconnection in relativistic striped winds
- Probing the Birth of Post-merger Millisecond Magnetars by X-ray and Gamma-ray Emission
- Discovery and characterization of superefficiency in pulsar wind nebulae
- HESS J1640-465 -- a Gamma-ray emitting pulsar wind nebula ?
- Ultrahigh-energy Gamma-Ray Radiation from the Crab Pulsar Wind Nebula
- The contribution of Galactic TeV pulsar wind nebulae to Fermi-LAT diffuse emission
- Broadband Photon Spectrum and its Radial Profile of Pulsar Wind Nebulae
- Reverberation of pulsar wind nebulae (III): Modelling of the plasma interface empowering a long term radiative evolution
- {\it NuSTAR} hard X-ray studies of the pulsar wind nebula 3C~58
- Modeling the broadest spectral band of the Crab nebula and constraining the ions acceleration efficiency
- X-ray Spectroscopy of the Highly Magnetized Pulsar PSR J1846-0258, its Wind Nebula and Hosting Supernova Remnant Kes 75
- Probing the Innermost Ejecta Layers in SNR Kes 75: Implications for the Supernova Progenitor
- Magnetic Pair Creation Transparency in Gamma-Ray Pulsars
- Morphology of Gamma-Ray Halos around Middle-Aged Pulsars: Influence of the Pulsar Proper Motion
- Atacama Compact Array Observations of the Pulsar-Wind Nebula of SNR 0540-69.3
- Particle Acceleration in Pulsar Wind Nebulae: PIC modelling
- Gamma-ray halos around pulsars: impact on pulsar wind physics and galactic cosmic ray transport
- Connecting the ISM to TeV PWNe and PWNe candidates
- Galactic Diffuse Neutrino Emission from Sources beyond the Discovery Horizon
- Propagation and stability of superluminal waves in pulsar winds
- Revisiting the evolution of nonradiative supernova remnants: A hydrodynamical-informed parameterization of the shock positions
- Pulsar Wind Nebulae Modeling
- Towards observing reverberating and superefficient pulsar wind nebulae
- The extended X-ray emission around RRAT J1819-1458
- High energy gamma-ray emission from compact galactic sources in the context of observations with the next generation Cherenkov Telescope Arrays
- Inductive spikes in the Crab Nebula - a theory of gamma-ray flares
- Constraining the origin of the puzzling source HESS J1640-465 and the PeVatron candidate HESS J1641-463 using Fermi-LAT observations
- The braking index of PSR B0540-69 and the associated pulsar wind nebula emission after spin-down rate transition
- GeV gamma-ray emission from pulsar wind nebula HESS J1356-645 with Fermi-LAT
- Radio Emission of Pulsars. I. Slow Tearing of a Quantizing Magnetic Field
- Study of maximum electron energy of sub-PeV pulsar wind nebulae by multiwavelength modelling
- X-ray studies of the pulsar PSR J1420-6048 and its TeV pulsar wind nebula in the Kookaburra region
- The Important Role of Cosmic-Ray Re-Acceleration
- Multidimensional relativistic MHD simulations of Pulsar Wind Nebulae: dynamics and emission
- A Comprehensive Study of the Spectral Variation and the Brightness Profile of Young Pulsar Wind Nebulae
- A Broadband Emission Model of Magnetar Wind Nebulae
- Comparison of magnetic diffusion and reconnection in ideal and resistive relativistic magnetohydrodynamics, ideal magnetodynamics, and resistive force-free electrodynamics
- Constraining Models of the Pulsar Wind Nebula in SNR G0.9+0.1 via Simulation of its Detection Properties using the Cherenkov Telescope Array
- Features of the gamma-ray pulsar halo HESS J1831098
- Spectral Break of Energetic Pulsar Wind Nebulae Detected with Wideband X-ray Observations
- Disclosing the catalog pulsars dominating the Galactic positron flux
- Pulsar striped winds
- Detailed Analysis of the TeV γ-Ray Sources 3HWC J1928+178, 3HWC J1930+188, and the New Source HAWC J1932+192
- A dispersion excess from pulsar wind nebulae and supernova remnants: Implications for pulsars and FRBs
- Pulsar Wind Nebulae
- Introducing the HD+B model for pulsar wind nebulae: a hybrid hydrodynamics/radiative approach
- A polarized view of the young Pulsar Wind Nebula 3C 58 with IXPE
- Radio Emission of Pulsars. II. Coherence Catalyzed by Cerenkov-Unstable Shear Alfvén Waves
- Prospects for the characterization of the VHE emission from the Crab Nebula and Pulsar with the Cherenkov Telescope Array
- Revealing a new region of gamma-ray emission in the vicinity of HESS J1825-137
- The Advanced X-ray Imaging Satellite
- The impact of resistive electric fields on particle acceleration in reconnection layers
- Modeling Radio Circular Polarization in the Crab Nebula
- Particle acceleration in superluminal strong waves
- Discovery of TeV gamma-ray emission from the pulsar wind nebula 3C 58 by MAGIC
- Modeling statistical properties of the X-ray emission from aged Pulsar Wind Nebulae
- Quasithermal GeV neutrinos from neutron-loaded magnetized outflows in core-collapse supernovae: spectra and light curves
- Could the TeV emission of starburst galaxies originate from pulsar wind nebulae?
- Spatio-spectral-temporal Modelling of Two Young Pulsar Wind Nebulae
- CANGAROO-III observation of TeV gamma rays from the unidentified gamma-ray source HESS J1614-518
- Analysis of the possible detection of the pulsar wind nebulae of PSR J1208-6238, J1341-6220, J1838-0537 and J1844-0346
- SNR G54.1+0.3, a PeVatron candidate unveiled by LHAASO
- Unveiling the nature of the unidentified gamma-ray sources 4FGL J1908.6+0915e, HESS J1907+089/HOTS J1907+091, and 3HWC J1907+085 in the sky region of the magnetar SGR 1900+14
- New estimate for the contribution of the Geminga pulsar to the positron excess
- The stability of strong waves and its implications for pulsar wind shocks
- On the Impact of the Numerical Method on Magnetic Reconnection and Particle Acceleration -- I. The MHD case
- Filamentation of the electromagnetic precursor in relativistic quasi-perpendicular electron-positron shocks
- Retuning radio astronomy for axion dark matter with neutron stars