Study of maximum electron energy of sub-PeV pulsar wind nebulae by multiwavelength modelling

Abstract

Recently, the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO) reported the discovery of 12 ultrahigh-energy (UHE; $\epsilon \ge 100$ TeV) gamma-ray sources located in the Galactic plane. A few of these UHE gamma-ray emitting regions are in spatial coincidence with pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe). We consider a sample of five sources; two of them are LHAASO sources (LHAASO J1908+0621 and LHAASO J2226+6057) and the remaining three are GeV-TeV gamma-ray emitters. In addition, X-rays, radio observations, or upper limits are also available for these objects. We study multiwavelength radiation from these sources by considering a PWN origin, where the emission is powered by the spin-down luminosity of the associated pulsars. In this leptonic emission model, the electron population is calculated at different times under the radiative (synchrotron and inverse-Compton) and adiabatic cooling. We also include the onset of the reverberation phase for the PWN, by assuming radially symmetric expansion. However, in this work, we find that multiwavelength emission can be interpreted before the onset of this phase. The maximum energy of the electrons based on the spectral fit is found to be above 0.1 PeV and close to 1 PeV. For LHAASO J2226+6057, using its observations in radio to UHE gamma-rays, we find that UHE gamma-rays can be interpreted using electrons with maximum energy of 1 PeV. We estimate the upper limits on the minimum Lorentz factor of the electrons and it also infers the minimum value of the pair-multiplicity of charged pairs.

13 pages, 11 figures, Revised version, Accepted for publication in MNRAS, Comments welcome

References in corpus (28)

• A New Electron Density Model for Estimation of Pulsar and FRB Distances
• Milagro Observations of Multi-TeV Emission from Galactic Sources in the Fermi Bright Source List
• Peta-electron volt gamma-ray emission from the Crab Nebula
• A Dynamical Model for the Evolution of a Pulsar Wind Nebula inside a Non-Radiative Supernova Remnant
• A radiation transfer model for the Milky-Way: I. Radiation fields and application to High Energy Astrophysics
• Inverse Compton Emission from Galactic Supernova Remnants: Effect of the Interstellar Radiation Field
• Non-thermal emission from relativistic MHD simulations of PWNe: from synchrotron to inverse Compton
• Potential PeVatron supernova remnant G106.3+2.7 seen in the highest-energy gamma rays
• Gamma-ray halos around pulsars as the key to understanding cosmic ray transport in the Galaxy
• NuSTAR Discovery of a Young, Energetic Pulsar Associated with the Luminous Gamma-ray Source HESS J1640-465
• On the potential of bright, young pulsars to power ultra-high gamma-ray sources
• XMM-Newton observations of HESS J1813-178 reveal a composite Supernova remnant
• Discovery of the hard spectrum VHE gamma-ray source HESS J1641-463
• Identification of HESS J1303-631 as a Pulsar Wind Nebula through gamma-ray, X-ray and radio observations
• Discovery of the Putative Pulsar and Wind Nebula Associated with the TeV Gamma-ray Source HESS J1813-178
• Discovery of a Highly Energetic X-ray Pulsar Powering HESS J1813-178 in the Young Supernova Remnant G12.82-0.02
• PeV emission of the Crab Nebula: constraints on the proton content in pulsar wind and implications
• Unidentified Gamma-Ray Sources as Ancient Pulsar Wind Nebulae
• Investigating the nature of MGRO J1908+06 with multiwavelength observations
• Reverberation of pulsar wind nebulae (I): Impact of the medium properties and other parameters upon the extent of the compression
• A pulsar wind nebula origin of the LHAASO-detected UHE gamma-ray sources
• Radio study of the extended TeV source VER J1907+062
• Multiwavelength investigation of the candidate Galactic PeVatron MGRO J1908+06
• Radio Detection of PSR J1813-1749 in HESS J1813-178: The Most Scattered Pulsar Known
• Constraining the origin of the puzzling source HESS J1640-465 and the PeVatron candidate HESS J1641-463 using Fermi-LAT observations
• Radio Observations of the Region around the Pulsar Wind Nebula HESS J1303-631 with ATCA
• A Spin-down Power Threshold for Pulsar Wind Nebula Generation?
• The Eel Pulsar Wind Nebula: a PeVatron-Candidate Origin for HAWC J1826-128 and HESS J1826-130

Cited by in corpus (4)

• The LHAASO PeVatron bright sky: what we learned
• Probing LHAASO Galactic PeVatrons through gamma-ray and neutrino correspondence
• Spatio-spectral-temporal Modelling of Two Young Pulsar Wind Nebulae
• Investigating the emission signatures of pulsar halo candidate HESS J1813-126