Milagro Observations of Multi-TeV Emission from Galactic Sources in the Fermi Bright Source List

Abstract

We present the result of a search of the Milagro sky map for spatial correlations with sources from a subset of the recent Fermi Bright Source List (BSL). The BSL consists of the 205 most significant sources detected above 100 MeV by the Fermi Large Area Telescope. We select sources based on their categorization in the BSL, taking all confirmed or possible Galactic sources in the field of view of Milagro. Of the 34 Fermi sources selected, 14 are observed by Milagro at a significance of 3 standard deviations or more. We conduct this search with a new analysis which employs newly-optimized gamma-hadron separation and utilizes the full 8-year Milagro dataset. Milagro is sensitive to gamma rays with energy from 1 to 100 TeV with a peak sensitivity from 10-50 TeV depending on the source spectrum and declination. These results extend the observation of these sources far above the Fermi energy band. With the new analysis and additional data, multi-TeV emission is definitively observed associated with the Fermi pulsar, J2229.0+6114, in the Boomerang Pulsar Wind Nebula (PWN). Furthermore, an extended region of multi-TeV emission is associated with the Fermi pulsar, J0634.0+1745, the Geminga pulsar.

arXiv commentAccepted for publication in Astrophysical Journal Letters June 30, 2009

References in corpus (23)

• The ATNF Pulsar Catalogue
• The ATNF Pulsar Catalogue
• The Evolution and Structure of Pulsar Wind Nebulae
• The H.E.S.S. survey of the Inner Galaxy in very high-energy gamma-rays
• Fermi Large Area Telescope Bright Gamma-ray Source List
• TeV Gamma-Ray Sources from a Survey of the Galactic Plane with Milagro
• Discovery of TeV Gamma-Ray Emission from the Cygnus Region of the Galaxy
• Discovery of VHE Gamma Radiation from IC443 with the MAGIC Telescope
• An unidentified TeV source in the vicinity of Cygnus OB2
• A Measurement of the Spatial Distribution of Diffuse TeV Gamma Ray Emission from the Galactic Plane with Milagro
• Controlling the False Discovery Rate in Astrophysical Data Analysis
• A Bow Shock Nebula Around a Compact X-Ray Source in the Supernova Remnant IC443
• PSR J2229+6114: Discovery of an Energetic Young Pulsar in the Error Box of the EGRET Source 3EG J2227+6122
• A new source detection algorithm using FDR
• First AGILE Catalog of High Confidence Gamma-Ray Sources
• The SNR G106.3+2.7 and its Pulsar Wind Nebula: relics of triggered star formation in a complex environment
• MAGIC observations of the unidentified TeV gamma-ray source TeV J2032+4130
• Discovery of High-Energy Gamma-Ray Pulsations from PSR J2021+3651 with AGILE
• Rings and Jets around PSR J2021+3651: the `Dragonfly Nebula'
• The radio SNR G65.1+0.6 and its associated pulsar J1957+2831
• Constraints on the TeV source population and its contribution to the galactic diffuse TeV emission
• VERITAS Studies of the Supernova Remnants Cas A and IC 443
• Observation of Galactic Gamma-ray Sources with VERITAS

Cited by in corpus (149)

• Fermi Large Area Telescope First Source Catalog
• Letter of Intent for KM3NeT 2.0
• The First Fermi Large Area Telescope Catalog of Gamma-ray Pulsars
• TeV Gamma Rays from Geminga and the Origin of the GeV Positron Excess
• The 2HWC HAWC Observatory Gamma Ray Catalog
• Fermi-LAT Discovery of Extended Gamma-ray Emission in the Direction of Supernova Remnant W51C
• The First Fermi-LAT Catalog of Sources Above 10 GeV
• Sensitivity of the High Altitude Water Cherenkov Detector to Sources of Multi-TeV Gamma Rays
• 3HWC: The Third HAWC Catalog of Very-High-Energy Gamma-ray Sources
• Searches for Extended and Point-like Neutrino Sources with Four Years of IceCube Data
• On The GeV & TeV Detections of the Starburst Galaxies M82 & NGC 253
• Time-Integrated Searches for Point-like Sources of Neutrinos with the 40-String IceCube Detector
• Eight gamma-ray pulsars discovered in blind frequency searches of Fermi LAT data
• Gamma rays from molecular clouds illuminated by cosmic rays escaping from interacting supernova remnants
• The population of TeV pulsar wind nebulae in the H.E.S.S. Galactic Plane Survey
• Search for Spatially Extended Fermi-LAT Sources Using Two Years of Data
• HAWC Observations Strongly Favor Pulsar Interpretations of the Cosmic-Ray Positron Excess
• On cosmic ray acceleration in supernova remnants and the FERMI/PAMELA data
• Radio detection of LAT PSRs J1741-2054 and J2032+4127: no longer just gamma-ray pulsars
• Cavity of Molecular Gas Associated with Supernova Remnant 3C 397
• Sensitivity of the KM3NeT/ARCA neutrino telescope to point-like neutrino sources
• Constraints on the Galactic Population of TEV Pulsar Wind Nebulae Using Fermi Large Area Telescope Observations
• Using HAWC to Discover Invisible Pulsars
• Detection of a $\gamma$-ray halo around Geminga with the Fermi-LAT and implications for the positron flux
• Search for time-independent neutrino emission from astrophysical sources with 3 years of IceCube data
• Pulsar-Wind Nebulae: Recent Progress in Observations and Theory
• Lessons from HAWC PWNe observations: the diffusion constant is not a constant; Pulsars remain the likeliest sources of the anomalous positron fraction; Cosmic rays are trapped for long periods of time in pockets of inefficient diffusion
• Pulsar wind nebulae with bow shocks: non-thermal radiation and cosmic ray leptons
• Identification of the TeV Gamma-ray Source ARGO J2031+4157 with the Cygnus Cocoon
• TeV Halos are Everywhere: Prospects for New Discoveries
• Potential PeVatron supernova remnant G106.3+2.7 seen in the highest-energy gamma rays
• Morphological and spectral properties of the W51 region measured with the MAGIC telescopes
• Fermi-LAT Search for Pulsar Wind Nebulae around gamma-ray Pulsars
• TeV gamma-ray survey of the Northern sky using the ARGO-YBJ detector
• Comparing Neutron Star Kicks to Supernova Remnant Asymmetries
• Positron flux and gamma-ray emission from Geminga pulsar and pulsar wind nebula
• Galactic factories of cosmic-ray electrons and positrons
• Detection of Extended VHE Gamma Ray Emission from G106.3+2.7 with VERITAS
• Constraining the properties of the magnetic turbulence in the Geminga region using HAWC $\gamma$-ray data
• HAWC J2227+610 and its association with G106.3+2.7, a new potential Galactic PeVatron
• Contribution of pulsars to cosmic-ray positrons in light of recent observation of inverse-Compton halos
• Spatially Resolving the Very High Energy emission from MGRO J2019+37 with VERITAS
• Evidences of low-diffusion bubbles around Galactic pulsars
• Two Magnetar Candidates in HESS Supernova Remnants
• Pulsar TeV Halos Explain the TeV Excess Observed by Milagro
• Spectrum and Morphology of the Two Brightest Milagro Sources in the Cygnus Region: MGRO J2019+37 and MGRO J2031+41
• New Search for Monochromatic Neutrinos from Dark Matter Decay
• Observation of TeV gamma rays from the Cygnus region with the ARGO-YBJ experiment
• ASTRI Mini-Array Core Science at the Observatorio del Teide
• Self-Generated Cosmic-Ray Turbulence Can Explain the Morphology of TeV Halos
• The Sensitivity of HAWC to High-Mass Dark Matter Annihilations
• Fermi LAT detection of pulsed gamma-rays from the Vela-like pulsars PSR J1048-5832 and PSR J2229+6114
• Reevaluation of the Prospect of Observing Neutrinos from Galactic Sources in the Light of Recent Results in Gamma Ray and Neutrino Astronomy
• VER J2227+608: A Hadronic PeVatron Pulsar Wind Nebula?
• Detection of the Geminga pulsar with MAGIC hints at a power-law tail emission beyond 15 GeV
• Explanation of the knee-like feature in the DAMPE cosmic $e^{-}+e^{+}$ energy spectrum
• Observation of the TeV gamma-ray source MGRO J1908+06 with ARGO-YBJ
• TeV Gamma-ray Astronomy: A Summary
• Understanding hadronic gamma-ray emission from supernova remnants
• Searching for Dark Matter in the Galactic Halo with a Wide Field of View TeV Gamma-ray Observatory in the Southern Hemisphere
• GeV observations of the extended pulsar wind nebulae constrain the pulsar interpretations of the cosmic-ray positron excess
• PSRs J0248+6021 and J2240+5832: Young Pulsars in the Northern Galactic Plane. Discovery, Timing, and Gamma-ray observations
• Observation and Spectral Measurements of the Crab Nebula with Milagro
• Search for Galactic PeV Gamma Rays with the IceCube Neutrino Observatory
• The distance to the young open cluster Westerlund 2
• Prospects for Detecting Galactic Sources of Cosmic Neutrinos with IceCube: An Update
• The Highest Energy HAWC Sources are Likely Leptonic and Powered by Pulsars
• Two-Step Acceleration Model of Cosmic Rays at Middle-Aged SNR
• Evidence of TeV Halos Around Millisecond Pulsars
• Studying the Milky Way Pulsar Population with Cosmic-Ray Leptons
• On particle acceleration and transport in plasmas in the Galaxy: theory and observations
• Constraining positron emission from pulsar populations with AMS-02 data
• MAGIC observations provide compelling evidence of the hadronic multi-TeV emission from the putative PeVatron SNR G106.3+2.7
• Modeling the gamma-ray emission produced by runaway cosmic rays in the environment of RX J1713.7-3946
• Hadronic vs leptonic models for $\gamma$-ray emission from VER J2227+608
• Detection Potential of the KM3NeT Detector for High-Energy Neutrinos from the Fermi Bubbles
• Search for VHE gamma-ray emission from Geminga pulsar and nebula with the MAGIC telescopes
• PSR J2030+3641: radio discovery and gamma-ray study of a middle-aged pulsar in the now identified Fermi-LAT source 1FGL J2030.0+3641
• X-Ray Emission from the PeVatron-candidate Supernova Remnant G106.3+2.7
• Cosmic rays from supernova remnants and superbubbles
• Prediction of the diffuse neutrino flux from cosmic ray interactions near Supernova Remnants
• Revealing a peculiar supernova remnant G106.3+2.7 as a petaelectronvolt proton accelerator with X-ray observations
• Dark Matter Decay to a Photon and a Neutrino: the Double Monochromatic Smoking Gun Scenario
• Population synthesis of pulsar wind nebulae and pulsar halos in the Milky Way -- Predicted contributions to the very-high-energy sky
• Extended Gamma-ray Emission from the G25.0+0.0 Region: A Star Forming Region Powered by the Newly Found OB Association?
• Multi-wavelength study of the galactic PeVatron candidate LHAASO J2108+5157
• Features in the Spectrum of Cosmic-Ray Positrons from Pulsars
• The Origin of Cosmic Rays: How Their Composition Defines Their Sources and Sites, and the Processes of Their Mixing, Injection and Acceleration
• Chandra Detects the Rare Oxygen-type Wolf-Rayet Star WR 142 and OB Stars in Berkeley 87
• A Search for Pulsations from Geminga Above 100 GeV with VERITAS
• TeV halos and the role of pulsar wind nebulae as sources of cosmic ray positrons
• Observation of TeV Gamma Rays from the Fermi Bright Galactic Sources with the Tibet Air Shower Array
• Multiwavelength properties of a new Geminga-like pulsar: PSR J2021+4026
• The TeV gamma-ray luminosity of the Milky-Way and the contribution of H.E.S.S. unresolved sources to VHE diffuse emission
• Utilizing cosmic-ray positron and electron observations to probe the averaged properties of Milky Way pulsars
• Planning the Future of U.S. Particle Physics (Snowmass 2013): Chapter 4: Cosmic Frontier
• Angular correlation between IceCube high-energy starting events and starburst sources
• Investigating the multiband nonthermal emission of the 100 TeV source eHWC J2019$+$368 with a pulsar wind nebula scenario
• Morphology of Gamma-Ray Halos around Middle-Aged Pulsars: Influence of the Pulsar Proper Motion
• Neutrino Observations of LHAASO Sources: Present Constraints and Future Prospects
• Expectation on Observation of Supernova Remnants with the LHAASO Project
• Geminga's pulsar halo: an X-ray view
• Electron and positron spectra in the three dimensional spatial-dependent propagation model
• Neutrino Astronomy with IceCube
• Prospects for a survey of the Galactic plane with the Cherenkov Telescope Array
• Discovery of a spatially extended GeV source in the vicinity of the TeV halo candidate 2HWC J1912+099: a TeV halo or supernova remnant ?
• Sky monitoring with ARGO-YBJ
• Constraints on Hadronic Contribution to LHAASO Sources with Neutrino Observations
• A Northern Sky Survey for Point-Like Sources of EeV Neutral Particles with the Telescope Array Experiment
• Identifying Galactic Sources of High-Energy Neutrinos
• LHAASO J2226+6057 as a pulsar wind nebula
• Study of maximum electron energy of sub-PeV pulsar wind nebulae by multiwavelength modelling
• MAGIC and Fermi-LAT gamma-ray results on unassociated HAWC sources
• Extinct radio pulsars as a source of subrelativistic positrons
• On the Nonthermal Emission from the Supernova Remnant W51C
• Evidence for particle acceleration approaching PeV energies in the W51 complex
• TeV Gamma-Ray Emission Observed from Geminga with HAWC
• A Possible Hadronic Origin of TeV Photon Emission from SNR G106.3+2.7
• Radio counterparts of gamma-ray sources in the Cygnus region
• Setting an upper limit for the total TeV neutrino flux from the disk of our Galaxy
• Dissecting the emission from LHAASO J0341+5258: implications for future multi-wavelength observations
• Search for galactic Pevatron candidates in a population of unidentified gamma-ray sources
• A search for VHE counterparts of Galactic Fermi bright sources and MeV to TeV spectral characterization
• Disclosing the catalog pulsars dominating the Galactic positron flux
• Cosmic ray backgrounds for dark matter indirect detection
• High-energy studies of the 3HWC J1954+286 region: likely Gamma-ray detection of the supernova remnant G65.1+0.6
• Detecting the brightest HAWC sources with IceCube in the upcoming years
• Highlight Talk: Recent Results from VERITAS
• High energy emission from the nebula around the Black Widow binary system containing millisecond pulsar B1957+20
• Pulsar Wind Nebulae and Cosmic Rays: A Bedtime Story
• A Search for Small-Scale Anisotropy of PeV Cosmic Rays
• The Cherenkov Telescope Array Will Test Whether Pulsars Generate the Galactic Center Gamma-Ray Excess
• Consequences of Energetic Magnetar-Like Outbursts of Nearby Neutron Stars: ${}^{14}$C Events and the Cosmic Electron Spectrum
• MAGIC Upper Limits for two Milagro-detected, Bright Fermi Sources in the Region of SNR G65.1+0.6
• Experimental Constraints on γ-ray Pulsar Gap Models and the Pulsar GeV to Pulsar Wind Nebula TeV Connection
• Multi-wavelength study of the MGRO J2019+37
• Milagro Observations of Potential TeV Emitters
• Quantitative constraint on the contribution of resolved gamma-ray sources to the sub-PeV Galactic diffuse gamma-ray flux measured by the Tibet ASγ experiment
• Search for the Galactic accelerators of Cosmic-Rays up to the Knee with the Pevatron Test Statistic
• Search for TeV Emission from Geminga by VERITAS
• Observation of selected SNRs with the MAGIC Cherenkov Telescope
• Possible counterpart signal of the Fermi bubbles at the cosmic-ray positrons
• Upper limits for pulsars with MAGIC (2005/2006 observations)
• The Contribution From TeV Halos to the Isotropic Gamma-Ray Background
• The Potential for Hadronic Particle Acceleration in Galactic Pulsar Wind Nebulae
• A search for counterparts of gamma-ray pulsars detected by the FERMI Large Area Telescope
• HAWC J0630+186 Could Not Be Powered by PSR J0630+19
• Self-confinement of relativistic pair beams in magnetized interstellar plasmas: the case of pulsar X-ray filaments
• Physics and astrophysics with gamma-ray telescopes