The Different Evolution of Gas and Dust in Disks around Sun-like and Cool Stars

Abstract

We present the first comprehensive, comparative Spitzer/IRS study of the dust and gas properties of disks around young sun-like stars (K1-M5) and cool stars/brown dwarfs (M5-M9). The comparison of these two large samples of over 60 sources reveal major differences in the evolution of both the dust and gas components.We report the first detections of organic molecules in disks around brown dwarfs. The detection rate statistics and the line flux ratios of HCN and C2H2 show a striking diference between the two samples, demonstrating a significant under-abundance of HCN relative to C2H2 in the disk surface of cool stars. We propose this to originate from the large difference in the UV-irradiation around the two types of sources. The statistical comparison of the 10 micron silicate emission features also reveals a significant difference between the two samples. Cool stars and brown dwarfs show weaker features arising from more processed silicate grains in the disk atmosphere. These findings complement previous indications of flatter disk structures and longer disk lifetimes around cool stars.

submitted to the ApJ

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