Clustering of Luminous Red Galaxies IV: Baryon Acoustic Peak in the Line-of-Sight Direction and a Direct Measurement of H(z)

Abstract

We study the clustering of LRG galaxies in the latest spectroscopic SDSS data releases, DR6 and DR7, which sample over 1 Gpc^3/h^3 to z=0.47. The 2-point correlation function $\xisp$ is estimated as a function of perpendicular $\sigma$ and line-of-sight $\pi$ (radial) directions. We find a significant detection of a peak at $r\simeq 110$Mpc/h, which shows as a circular ring in the $\sigma -\pi$ plane. There is also significant evidence for a peak along the radial direction whose shape is consistent with its originating from the recombination-epoch baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO). A $\xisp$ model with no radial BAO peak is disfavored at $3.2\sigma$, whereas a model with no magnification bias is disfavored at $2\sigma$. The radial data enable, for the first time, a direct measurement of the Hubble parameter $H(z)$ as a function of redshift. This is independent from earlier BAO measurements which used the spherically averaged (monopole) correlation to constrain an integral of $H(z)$. Using the BAO peak position as a standard ruler in the radial direction, we find: $H(z=0.24)=79.69\pm 2.32(\pm 1.29)$ km/s/Mpc for z=0.15-0.30 and $H(z=0.43)=86.45\pm 3.27(\pm 1.69)$ km/s/Mpc for $z=0.40-0.47$. The first error is a model independent statistical estimation and the second accounts for systematics both in the measurements and in the model. For the full sample, $z=0.15-0.47$, we find $H(z=0.34)=83.80\pm 2.96(\pm 1.59)$ km/s/Mpc.

Minor revision to match version accepted for publication in MNRAS. Includes comparison to DR7, a Table with the measurements and errors. Includes extended analysis on systematic errors. Some figures have been omitted. Main results and conclusions remain unchanged

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• Observational constraints on cosmological parameters in the Bianchi type III Universe with f(R,T) gravity theory
• Non-Affine Extensions of the Raychaudhuri Equation in the K-essence Framework
• Observational constraints in late time for an axially symmetric transitioning model with bulk viscous fluid
• Accelerating Universe in Higher Dimensional Space Time : an alternative approach
• Constraining the swiss-cheese IR-fixed point cosmology with cosmic expansion
• Power of the redshift drift on cosmological models and expansion history
• Chaplygin Gas of Tachyon Nature Imposed by Symmetry and Constrained via H(z) Data
• Mixing Bispectrum Multipoles Under Geometric Distortions
• Reconstructing cosmic evolution with a density parametrization
• Observational constraints on thawing quintessence scalar field model
• Observational constraints on generic models of non-minimal curvature-matter coupling
• On Direct Estimation of Density Parameters and Hubble Constant for $\Lambda$CDM Universe using Hubble Measurements
• A cosmic speed-trap: a gravity-independent test of cosmic acceleration using baryon acoustic oscillations
• Interacting Models of Generalised Chaplygin Gas and Modified Chaplygin Gas with Barotropic Fluid
• Direct Determination of Expansion History Using Redshift Distortions
• Model-independent reconstruction of the cosmological scale factor as a function of lookback time
• Observational Constraints on Chaplygin Gas Models in Non-Minimally Coupled Power Law $f(Q)$ Gravity with Quasars
• The Constraint of H0from Galaxy clusters and Hubble parameter data
• Dynamics of a spherically symmetric inhomogeneous coupled dark energy model with coupling term proportional to non relatvistic matter
• Quintessence dark energy model in non-linear $f(Q)$ theory with bulk-viscosity
• Cosmological Model Independent Constraints on Lorentz Invariance Violation with Updated Gamma-Ray Burst Observations: An Artificial Neural Network Approach
• An Alternative Approach to the Exact Solution of FRW-Type Spacetime with a Generalized Chaplygin Gas
• Results from Hubble parameter data: oscillating dark energy?
• Probing Time-Varying Dark Energy with DESI: The Crucial Role of Precision Matter Density (Ω_{m0}) Measurements
• Dark Energy Survey Year 3 Results: Galaxy Sample for BAO Measurement
• The model-independent degeneracy-breaking point in cosmological models with interacting Dark Energy and Dark Matter
• Serial Acceleration-Deceleration Transitions in a Cyclic Universe with Negative Curvature
• Exploring the constraints on cosmological models with CosmoEJS
• From Geometry to Observation: Gravitational Waves and the Raychaudhuri Equation
• Lookback time and Chandra constrains on cosmological parameters