Testing the Copernican Principle with Hubble Parameter

Abstract

Using the longitudinal expression of Hubble expansion rate for the general Lemaître-Tolman-Bondi (LTB) metric as a function of cosmic time, we examine the scale on which the Copernican Principle holds in the context of a void model. By way of performing parameter estimation on the CGBH void model, we show that the Hubble parameter data favors a void with characteristic radius of 2 ~ 3 Gpc. This brings the void model closer, but not yet enough, to harmony with observational indications given by the background kinetic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect and the normalization of near-infrared galaxy luminosity function. However, the test of such void models may ultimately lie in the future detection of the discrepancy between longitudinal and transverse expansion rates, a touchstone of inhomogeneous models. With the proliferation of observational Hubble parameter data and future large-scale structure observation, a definitive test could be performed on the question of cosmic homogeneity. Particularly, the spherical LTB void models have been ruled out, but more general non-spherical inhomogeneities still need to be tested by observation. In this paper, we utilise a spherical void model to provide guidelines into how observational tests may be done with more general models in the future.

7 pages, 5 figures; PRD accepted

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• Anisotropy of Cosmic Acceleration
• Exploring the evidence for a large local void with supernovae Ia data
• Multiple non-spherical structures from the extrema of Szekeres scalars
• The KBC Void: Consistency with Supernovae Type Ia and the Kinematic SZ Effect in a $\Lambda$LTB Model
• Testing the Cosmic Anisotropy with Supernovae Data: Hemisphere Comparison and Dipole Fitting
• Non-Spherical Szekeres models in the language of Cosmological Perturbations
• Cosmological constraints from low-redshift data
• Lemaitre-Tolman-Bondi Static Universe in Rastall-like Gravity
• Complementary consistency test of the Copernican principle via Noether's theorem and machine learning forecasts
• Alleviating the Hubble Tension with a Local Void and Transitions of the Absolute Magnitude
• Distinguishing between inhomogeneous model and $\Lambda \text{CDM}$ model with the cosmic age method
• Reconciling cosmic dipolar tensions with a gigaparsec void
• A gigaparsec-scale local void and the Hubble tension