Results from Hubble parameter data: oscillating dark energy?

Abstract

Using a model-independent analysis method which bases on the Lagrange mean value theorem for obtaining the derivative of the Hubble function, we analyze $H(z)$ parameter data with some restrictive conditions. We find that: (a) the Universe may experience an accelerated expansion with a confidence level greater than 5 $\sigma$ at redshift $z_{101}\in (0,0.36)$ and greater than 1.9 $\sigma$ at redshifts $z_{3835}\in (1.3,1.53)$ and $z_{3836}\in (1.43,1.53)$, where $z_j<z_{ij}<z_i$ and $i$ marks the $i$-th Hubble parameter data we consider; (b) the Universe may experience a decelerated expansion with a confidence level greater than 1.5 $\sigma$ at redshift $z_{2012}\in (0.40,0.52)$; (c) $w_{\mathrm{x}}\le w_{\mathrm{t}}<-1$ with confidence level great than 1.6 $\sigma$ at redshift $z_{3836}\in (1.43,1.53)$. These results indicate that the evolution of dark energy may be oscillatory.

9 pages, 2 tables, see also ChinaXiv:202409.00246

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