Peculiar, Low Luminosity Type II Supernovae: Low Energy Explosions in Massive Progenitors?

Abstract

A number of supernovae, classified as Type II, show remarkably peculiar properties such as an extremely low expansion velocity and an extraordinarily small amount of ${}^{56}$Ni in the ejecta. We present a joint analysis of the available observations for two of these peculiar Type II supernovae, SN 1997D and SN 1999br, using a comprehensive semi-analytic method that can reproduce the light curve and the evolution of the line velocity and continuum temperature. We find that these events are under-energetic with respect to a typical Type II supernova and that the inferred mass of the ejecta is relatively large. We discuss the possibility that these supernovae originate from the explosion of a massive progenitor in which the rate of early infall of stellar material on the collapsed core is large. Events of this type could form a black hole remnant, giving rise to significant fallback and late-time accretion.

7 pages, 3 figures. MNRAS, in press

References in corpus (9)

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• Mass Limits For Black Hole Formation
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• The Peculiar Type II Supernova 1997 D: A Case for a Very Low 56Ni Mass
• The fading of SN 1997D
• The nature of the progenitor of the Type II-P supernova 1999em
• Supernova Fallback and the Emergence of a Black Hole
• Will a Black Hole Soon Emerge from SN 1997D ?
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