HD 28185 Revisited: An Outer Planet, Instead of a Brown Dwarf, On a Saturn-like Orbit

Abstract

As exoplanet surveys reach ever-higher sensitivities and durations, planets analogous to the solar system giant planets are increasingly within reach. HD 28185 is a Sun-like star known to host a $m\sin i=6M_J$ planet on an Earth-like orbit; more recently, a brown dwarf with a more distant orbit has been claimed. In this work we present a comprehensive reanalysis of the HD 28185 system, based on 22 years of radial velocity observations and precision Hipparcos-Gaia astrometry. We confirm the previous characterisation of HD 28185 b as a temperate giant planet, with its $385.92_{-0.07}^{+0.06}$ day orbital period giving it an Earth-like incident flux. In contrast, we substantially revise the parameters of HD 28185 c; with a new mass of $m=6.0\pm 0.6M_J$ we reclassify this companion as a super-jovian planet. HD 28185 c has an orbital period of $24.9_{-1.1}^{+1.3}$ years, a semi-major axis of $8.50_{-0.26}^{+0.29}$ AU, and a modest eccentricity of $0.15\pm 0.04$, resulting in one of the most Saturn-like orbits of any known exoplanet. HD 28185 c lies at the current intersection of detection limits for RVs and direct imaging, and highlights how the discovery of giant planets at $\approx$10 AU separations is becoming increasingly routine.

arXiv comment17 pages, 8 figures, 7 tables. Published in MNRAS

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