CANUCS: Constraining the MACS J0416.1-2403 Strong Lensing Model with JWST NIRISS, NIRSpec and NIRCam

Abstract

(Abridged) The strong lensing models of galaxy clusters rely on the number and quality of multiple images with spectroscopic redshifts. We present an updated strong lensing model of MACS J0416.1-2403 with the largest sample of multiple images with spectroscopic redshifts in a galaxy cluster field to date. Furthermore, we aim to demonstrate the effectiveness of JWST, particularly its NIRISS camera, for strong lensing studies. We used NIRCam imaging and NIRSpec and NIRISS spectroscopy from the CAnadian NIRISS Unbiased Cluster Survey (CANUCS). The cluster mass model was constrained using Lenstool software. Our new dataset, which we used for constraining the lens model, comprises 303 secure multiple images with spectroscopic redshifts from 111 background sources and includes 95 systems with previously known MUSE redshift and 16 systems (with 46 multiple images) for which we obtained spectroscopic redshift for the first time using NIRISS and NIRSpec spectroscopy. Three of the spectroscopic systems were not identified by previous JWST studies. The total number of secure spectroscopic systems is more than 20% higher than in the previous strong lensing studies of this cluster. The model can reproduce multiple images with the root-mean-square distance of ~ 0.52''. We also provide a full catalogue with 415 multiple images, including less reliable candidates. In total, we provide 15 new multiple-image system candidates (with 38 multiple images) not reported in previous studies. Furthermore, we demonstrate the effectiveness of JWST, particularly NIRISS, for obtaining spectroscopic redshifts of multiple images. As NIRISS F115W, F150W, and F200W grism spectroscopy captures at least two of the [OII], [OIII] and H$\alpha$ lines at 1 < z < 3 (a redshift range particularly relevant for strong lensing studies) without target pre-selection, it complements MUSE and NIRSpec observations extremely well.

Published in A&A, 26 pages, 13 figures, 8 tables

References in corpus (35)

• Gaia Data Release 3: Summary of the content and survey properties
• Gaia Data Release 1. Summary of the astrometric, photometric, and survey properties
• EAZY: A Fast, Public Photometric Redshift Code
• A Bayesian approach to strong lensing modelling of galaxy clusters
• Mass and magnification maps for the Hubble Space Telescope Frontier Fields clusters: implications for high redshift studies
• Multi-scale cluster lens mass mapping I. Strong Lensing modelling
• Lens models and magnification maps of the six Hubble Frontier Fields clusters
• Cosmological Constraints from Strong Gravitational Lensing in Galaxy Clusters
• CLASH-VLT: Insights on the mass substructures in the Frontier Fields Cluster MACS J0416.1-2403 through accurate strong lens modeling
• JADES NIRSpec Initial Data Release for the Hubble Ultra Deep Field: Redshifts and Line Fluxes of Distant Galaxies from the Deepest JWST Cycle 1 NIRSpec Multi-Object Spectroscopy
• JWST's PEARLS: Prime Extragalactic Areas for Reionization and Lensing Science: Project Overview and First Results
• Hubble Frontier Fields : A High Precision Strong Lensing Analysis of Galaxy Cluster MACSJ0416.1-2403 using ~200 Multiple Images
• A Highly Magnified Star at Redshift 6.2
• UNCOVERing the extended strong lensing structures of Abell 2744 with the deepest JWST imaging
• The Near Infrared Imager and Slitless Spectrograph for the James Webb Space Telescope -- II. Wide Field Slitless Spectroscopy
• The systematics of strong lens modeling quantified: the effects of constraint selection and redshift information on magnification, mass, and multiple image predictability
• Spectral Templates Optimal for Selecting Galaxies at z > 8 with JWST
• Hubble Frontier Fields: The Geometry and Dynamics of the Massive Galaxy Cluster Merger MACSJ0416.1-2403
• The MUSE Deep Lensed Field on the Hubble Frontier Field MACS~J0416
• An extremely metal poor star complex in the reionization era: Approaching Population III stars with JWST
• Free Form Lensing Implications for the Collision of Dark Matter and Gas in the Frontier Fields Cluster MACSJ0416.1-2403
• Two lensed star candidates at $z\simeq 4.8$ behind the galaxy cluster MACS J0647.7+7015
• A new high-precision strong lensing model of the galaxy cluster MACS J0416.1-2403
• JWST's PEARLS: Mothra, a new kaiju star at z=2.091 extremely magnified by MACS0416, and implications for dark matter models
• First JWST observations of a gravitational lens: Mass model from new multiple images with near-infrared observations of SMACS J0723.3-7327
• The first large catalogue of spectroscopic redshifts in Webb's First Deep Field, SMACS J0723.3$-$7327
• Galaxy cluster strong lensing cosmography: cosmological constraints from a sample of regular galaxy clusters
• A state-of-the-art strong lensing model of MACS J0416.1-2403 with the largest sample of spectroscopic multiple images
• JWST catches the assembly of a $z\sim 5$ ultra-low-mass galaxy
• RELICS: Small-scale Star Formation in Lensed Galaxies at $z=6-10$
• Systematic vs. Statistical Uncertainties in Masses and Magnifications of the Hubble Frontier Fields
• Probability of magnification in the $\text{Hubble Frontier Fields}$ clusters
• JWST's PEARLS: 119 multiply imaged galaxies behind MACS0416, lensing properties of caustic crossing galaxies, and the relation between halo mass and number of globular clusters at $z=0.4$
• Model-Independent Mass Reconstruction of the Hubble Frontier Field Clusters with MARS Based on Self-Consistent Strong Lensing Data
• BUFFALO Wild Wings: A High Precision Free-Form Lens Model of MACSJ0416 with Constraints on Dark Matter from Substructure and Highly Magnified Arcs

Cited by in corpus (7)

• The GLASS-JWST Early Release Science Programme: The NIRISS Spectroscopic Catalogue
• Microlensing at Cosmological Distances: Event Rate Predictions in the Warhol Arc of MACS 0416
• Enhanced strong-lensing model of MACS~J0138.0$-$2155 based on new JWST and VLT/MUSE observations
• Mapping dark matter in the Bullet Cluster using JWST imaging and spectroscopy
• MrMARTIAN: A Multi-resolution Mass Reconstruction Algorithm Combining Free-form and Analytic Components
• First statistical constraints on galactic scale outflows properties traced by their extended Mg II emission with MUSE
• A Comprehensive JWST/NIRSpec Census of Broad-line Active Galactic Nuclei: Faint, Low-mass Accretors and a Population of Little Red Dots