Probing the intergalactic medium during the Epoch of Reionization using 21-cm signal power spectra

Abstract

The redshifted 21-cm signal from the epoch of reionization (EoR) directly probes the ionization and thermal states of the intergalactic medium during that period. In particular, the distribution of the ionized regions around the radiating sources during EoR introduces scale-dependent features in the spherically-averaged EoR 21-cm signal power spectrum. The goal is to study these scale-dependent features at different stages of reionization using numerical simulations and build a source model-independent framework to probe the properties of the intergalactic medium using EoR 21-cm signal power spectrum measurements. Under the assumption of high spin temperature, we modelled the redshift evolution of the ratio of EoR 21-cm brightness temperature power spectrum and the corresponding density power spectrum using an ansatz consisting of a set of redshift and scale-independent parameters. This set of eight parameters probes the redshift evolution of the average ionization fraction and the quantities related to the morphology of the ionized regions. We have tested this ansatz on different reionization scenarios generated using different simulation algorithms and found that it is able to recover the redshift evolution of the average neutral fraction within an absolute deviation $\lesssim 0.1$. Our framework allows us to interpret 21-cm signal power spectra in terms of parameters related to the state of the IGM. This source model-independent framework can efficiently constrain reionization scenarios using multi-redshift power spectrum measurements with ongoing and future radio telescopes such as LOFAR, MWA, HERA, and SKA. This will add independent information regarding the EoR IGM properties.

arXiv comment16 pages, 13 figures, 2 tables, Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics

References in corpus (87)

• Nine-Year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) Observations: Cosmological Parameter Results
• Cosmological parameters from CMB and other data: a Monte-Carlo approach
• LOFAR: The LOw-Frequency ARray
• Cosmology at Low Frequencies: The 21 cm Transition and the High-Redshift Universe
• Constraining the Evolution of the Ionizing Background and the Epoch of Reionization with z ~ 6 Quasars II: A Sample of 19 Quasars
• The Murchison Widefield Array: the Square Kilometre Array Precursor at low radio frequencies
• An absorption profile centred at 78 megahertz in the sky-averaged spectrum
• An 800-million-solar-mass black hole in a significantly neutral Universe at redshift 7.5
• 21-cm cosmology
• 21-cm Tomography of the Intergalactic Medium at High Redshift
• 21cmFAST: A Fast, Semi-Numerical Simulation of the High-Redshift 21-cm Signal
• Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array (HERA)
• The Growth of HII Regions During Reionization
• Possible interaction between baryons and dark-matter particles revealed by the first stars
• Model-independent evidence in favor of an end to reionization by z~6
• Evidence of patchy hydrogen reionization from an extreme Ly$\alpha$ trough below redshift six
• Bright Source Subtraction Requirements For Redshifted 21 cm Measurements
• Improved upper limits on the 21-cm signal power spectrum of neutral hydrogen at $\mathbf{z}\approx 9.1$ from LOFAR
• Upper limits on the 21-cm Epoch of Reionization power spectrum from one night with LOFAR
• Insights on Dark Matter from Hydrogen during Cosmic Dawn
• New Limits on 21cm EoR From PAPER-32 Consistent with an X-Ray Heated IGM at z=7.7
• 21 cm fluctuations from inhomogeneous X-ray heating before reionization
• Inferring the astrophysics of reionization and cosmic dawn from galaxy luminosity functions and the 21-cm signal
• The Phase II Murchison Widefield Array: Design Overview
• Deep multi-redshift limits on Epoch of Reionisation 21cm Power Spectra from Four Seasons of Murchison Widefield Array Observations
• The Epoch of Reionization Window: II. Statistical Methods for Foreground Wedge Reduction
• Simulating Cosmic Reionization at Large Scales II: the 21-cm Emission Features and Statistical Signals
• First Results from HERA Phase I: Upper Limits on the Epoch of Reionization 21 cm Power Spectrum
• An Atlas of z=5.7 and z=6.5 Ly alpha Emitters
• Improved Constraints on the 21 cm EoR Power Spectrum and the X-Ray Heating of the IGM with HERA Phase I Observations
• Constraining Baryon--Dark Matter Scattering with the Cosmic Dawn 21-cm Signal
• HERA Phase I Limits on the Cosmic 21-cm Signal: Constraints on Astrophysics and Cosmology During the Epoch of Reionization
• The Opacity of the Intergalactic Medium Measured Along Quasar Sightlines at $z\sim 6$
• Cosmic reionization after Planck
• A simplified, lossless re-analysis of PAPER-64
• First results on the Epoch of Reionization from First Light with SARAS 2
• 21 cm signal from cosmic dawn: Imprints of spin temperature fluctuations and peculiar velocities
• Characterizing Foreground for redshifted 21-cm radiation: 150 MHz GMRT observations
• The REACH radiometer for detecting the 21-cm hydrogen signal from redshift 7.5 to 28
• Constraining the intergalactic medium at $z\approx$ 9.1 using LOFAR Epoch of Reionization observations
• Reionization on Large Scales I: A Parametric Model Constructed from Radiation-Hydrodynamic Simulations
• Non-parametric foreground subtraction for 21cm epoch of reionization experiments
• Tight Constraints on the Excess Radio Background at $z=9.1$ from LOFAR
• Evidence for Large-Scale Fluctuations in the Metagalactic Ionizing Background Near Redshift Six
• Interpreting LOFAR 21-cm signal upper limits at z~9.1 in the context of high-z galaxy and reionisation observations
• The Evolution of the Lyman-Alpha Luminosity Function During Reionization
• Mitigating Internal Instrument Coupling for 21 cm Cosmology I: Temporal and Spectral Modeling in Simulations
• Mitigating Internal Instrument Coupling II: A Method Demonstration with the Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array
• Emulating the Global 21-cm Signal from Cosmic Dawn and Reionization
• Higher Order Contributions to the 21 cm Power Spectrum
• Optimal identification of HII regions during reionization in 21-cm observations
• Imaging the redshifted 21-cm pattern around the first sources during the cosmic dawn using the SKA
• Constraining the state of the intergalactic medium during the Epoch of Reionization using MWA 21-cm signal observations
• First upper limits on the 21 cm signal power spectrum from cosmic dawn from one night of observations with NenuFAR
• Constraining High Redshift X-ray Sources with Next Generation 21 cm Power Spectrum Measurements
• Comparing Foreground Removal Techniques for Recovery of the LOFAR-EoR 21cm Power Spectrum
• 21-cm signal from cosmic dawn - II: Imprints of the light-cone effects
• Complete Reionization Constraints from Planck 2015 Polarization
• Ruling out 3 keV warm dark matter using 21 cm-EDGES data
• Position-dependent power spectra of the 21-cm signal from the epoch of reionization
• Detecting ionized bubbles in redshifted 21 cm maps
• Measuring the topology of reionization with Betti numbers
• Large scale simulations of H and He reionization and heating driven by stars and more energetic sources
• Evaluating the QSO contribution to the 21-cm signal from the Cosmic Dawn
• Fuzzy Dark Matter at Cosmic Dawn: New 21-cm Constraints
• Foreground removal for Square Kilometre Array observations of the Epoch of Reionization with the Correlated Component Analysis
• Interpreting the Global 21-cm Signal from High Redshifts. I. Model Independent Constraints
• The observable 21cm signal from reionization may be perturbative
• Redshift-space distortions in simulations of the 21-cm signal from the cosmic dawn
• Impact of Ly$\alpha$ heating on the global 21-cm signal from the Cosmic Dawn
• Redshifted 21-cm bispectrum II: Impact of the spin temperature fluctuations and redshift space distortions on the signal from the Cosmic Dawn
• 21-cm signature of the first sources in the Universe: Prospects of detection with SKA
• A hint on the metal-free star formation rate density from 21cm-EDGES data
• Assessing the impact of two independent direction-dependent calibration algorithms on the LOFAR 21-cm signal power spectrum
• The impact of non-Gaussianity on the Epoch of Reionization parameter forecast using 21-cm power spectrum measurements
• On the spin-temperature evolution during the epoch of reionization
• Statistical analysis of the causes of excess variance in the 21 cm signal power spectra obtained with the Low-Frequency Array
• Cosmological implications of the composite spectra of galactic X-ray binaries constructed using MAXI data
• POLAR -- I: linking the 21-cm signal from the epoch of reionization to galaxy formation
• Quantifying Density-Ionization Correlations with the 21cm Power Spectrum
• Parametrizing the Reionization History with the Redshift Midpoint, Duration, and Asymmetry
• A galaxy-free phenomenological model for the 21-cm power spectrum during reionization
• Degree-Scale Galactic Radio Emission at 122 MHz around the North Celestial Pole with LOFAR-AARTFAAC
• The HI Bias during the Epoch of Reionization
• Astrophysical information from the Rayleigh-Jeans Tail of the CMB
• Estimation of HII Bubble Size Distribution from 21cm Power Spectrum with Artificial Neural Networks
• Studying the Multi-frequency Angular Power Spectrum of the Cosmic Dawn 21-cm Signal

Cited by in corpus (4)

• A-SLOTH reveals the nature of the first stars
• Constraints on the state of the IGM at $z\sim 8-10$ using redshifted 21-cm observations with LOFAR
• The First Billion Years in Seconds: An Effective Model for the 21-cm Signal with Population III Stars
• Joint 21-cm and CMB Forecasts for Constraining Self-Interacting Massive Neutrinos