A Measurement of Gravitational Lensing of the Cosmic Microwave Background Using SPT-3G 2018 Data

Abstract

We present a measurement of gravitational lensing over 1500 deg${}^2$ of the Southern sky using SPT-3G temperature data at 95 and 150 GHz taken in 2018. The lensing amplitude relative to a fiducial Planck 2018 $\Lambda$CDM cosmology is found to be $1.020\pm 0.060$, excluding instrumental and astrophysical systematic uncertainties. We conduct extensive systematic and null tests to check the robustness of the lensing measurements, and report a minimum-variance combined lensing power spectrum over angular multipoles of $50<L<2000$, which we use to constrain cosmological models. When analyzed alone and jointly with primary cosmic microwave background (CMB) spectra within the $\Lambda$CDM model, our lensing amplitude measurements are consistent with measurements from SPT-SZ, SPTpol, ACT, and Planck. Incorporating loose priors on the baryon density and other parameters including uncertainties on a foreground bias template, we obtain a $1\sigma$ constraint on ${\sigma }_8{\Omega }_{\mathrm{m}}^{0.25}=0.595\pm 0.026$ using the SPT-3G 2018 lensing data alone, where ${\sigma }_8$ is a common measure of the amplitude of structure today and ${\Omega }_{\mathrm{m}}$ is the matter density parameter. Combining SPT-3G 2018 lensing measurements with baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) data, we derive parameter constraints of ${\sigma }_8=0.810\pm 0.033$, $S_8\equiv {\sigma }_8({\Omega }_{\mathrm{m}}/0.3{)}^{0.5}=0.836\pm 0.039$, and Hubble constant $H_0=68.8_{-1.6}^{+1.3}$ km s${}^{-1}$ Mpc${}^{-1}$. Using CMB anisotropy and lensing measurements from SPT-3G only, we provide independent constraints on the spatial curvature of ${\Omega }_K=0.014_{-0.026}^{+0.023}$ (95% C.L.) and the dark energy density of ${\Omega }_{\Lambda }=0.722_{-0.026}^{+0.031}$ (68% C.L.). When combining SPT-3G lensing data with SPT-3G CMB anisotropy and BAO data, we find an upper limit on the sum of the neutrino masses of $\sum m_{\nu }<0.30$ eV (95% C.L.).

Bandpower and likelihood data available at https://pole.uchicago.edu/public/data/spt3g_2018_lensing/

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