Constraining gravity with a new precision $E_G$ estimator using Planck + SDSS BOSS

Abstract

The $E_G$ statistic is a discriminating probe of gravity developed to test the prediction of general relativity (GR) for the relation between gravitational potential and clustering on the largest scales in the observable universe. We present a novel high-precision estimator for the $E_G$ statistic using CMB lensing and galaxy clustering correlations that carefully matches the effective redshifts across the different measurement components to minimize corrections. A suite of detailed tests is performed to characterize the estimator's accuracy, its sensitivity to assumptions and analysis choices and the non-Gaussianity of the estimator's uncertainty is characterized. After finalization of the estimator, it is applied to $\text{Planck}$ CMB lensing and SDSS CMASS and LOWZ galaxy data. We report the first harmonic space measurement of $E_G$ using the LOWZ sample and CMB lensing and also updated constraints using the final CMASS sample and the latest $\text{Planck}$ CMB lensing map. We find $E_G^{Planck+CMASS}=0.36_{-0.05}^{+0.06}$ (68.27%) and $E_G^{\text{Planck}+\mathrm{LOWZ}}=0.40_{-0.09}^{+0.11}$ (68.27%), with additional subdominant systematic error budget estimates of 2% and 3% respectively. Using ${\Omega }_{\mathrm{m},0}$ constraints from $\text{Planck}$ and SDSS BAO observations, $\Lambda$CDM-GR predicts $E_G^{\mathrm{GR}}(z=0.555)=0.401\pm 0.005$ and $E_G^{\mathrm{GR}}(z=0.316)=0.452\pm 0.005$ at the effective redshifts of the CMASS and LOWZ based measurements. We report the measurement to be in good statistical agreement with the $\Lambda$CDM-GR prediction, and report that the measurement is also consistent with the more general GR prediction of scale-independence for $E_G$. This work provides a carefully constructed and calibrated statistic with which $E_G$ measurements can be confidently and accurately obtained with upcoming survey data.

arXiv comment36 pages, 20 figures, Accepted for publication in PRD

References in corpus (98)

• Observational Evidence from Supernovae for an Accelerating Universe and a Cosmological Constant
• Measurements of Omega and Lambda from 42 High-Redshift Supernovae
• Planck 2015 results. XIII. Cosmological parameters
• HEALPix -- a Framework for High Resolution Discretization, and Fast Analysis of Data Distributed on the Sphere
• The Cosmological Constant and Dark Energy
• Efficient Computation of CMB anisotropies in closed FRW models
• Modified Gravity and Cosmology
• LSST: from Science Drivers to Reference Design and Anticipated Data Products
• 4D Gravity on a Brane in 5D Minkowski Space
• The clustering of galaxies in the completed SDSS-III Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey: cosmological analysis of the DR12 galaxy sample
• Is Cosmic Speed-Up Due to New Gravitational Physics?
• SDSS-III: Massive Spectroscopic Surveys of the Distant Universe, the Milky Way Galaxy, and Extra-Solar Planetary Systems
• The Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey of SDSS-III
• The clustering of galaxies in the SDSS-III Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey: Baryon Acoustic Oscillations in the Data Release 10 and 11 galaxy samples
• Cosmological Perturbation Theory in the Synchronous vs. Conformal Newtonian Gauge
• Cosmological Perturbation Theory in the Synchronous and Conformal Newtonian Gauges
• Planck 2018 results. I. Overview and the cosmological legacy of Planck
• Chameleon Fields: Awaiting Surprises for Tests of Gravity in Space
• The Simons Observatory: Science goals and forecasts
• Relativistic gravitation theory for the MOND paradigm
• Statistics of Cosmic Microwave Background Polarization
• Why your model parameter confidences might be too optimistic -- unbiased estimation of the inverse covariance matrix
• The Carnegie-Chicago Hubble Program. VIII. An Independent Determination of the Hubble Constant Based on the Tip of the Red Giant Branch
• Planck 2018 results. VIII. Gravitational lensing
• CMB power spectrum parameter degeneracies in the era of precision cosmology
• Testing General Relativity in Cosmology
• A unified pseudo-$C_{\ell }$ framework
• A discriminating probe of gravity at cosmological scales
• Statistical Analysis of Galaxy Surveys - I. Robust error estimation for 2-point clustering statistics
• The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: DR6 Gravitational Lensing Map and Cosmological Parameters
• Confirmation of general relativity on large scales from weak lensing and galaxy velocities
• Planck intermediate results. LVII. Joint Planck LFI and HFI data processing
• Cosmological Tests of Gravity
• Core Cosmology Library: Precision Cosmological Predictions for LSST
• The clustering of massive galaxies at z~0.5 from the first semester of BOSS data
• The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: A Measurement of the DR6 CMB Lensing Power Spectrum and its Implications for Structure Growth
• Observational Tests of Modified Gravity
• Myths and Truths Concerning Estimation of Power Spectra
• CMB power spectra and cosmological parameters from Planck PR4 with CamSpec
• The clustering of galaxies in the SDSS-III Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey: RSD measurement from the LOS-dependent power spectrum of DR12 BOSS galaxies
• Cosmological parameters derived from the final (PR4) Planck data release
• A practical approach to cosmological perturbations in modified gravity
• Growth of Cosmic Structure: Probing Dark Energy Beyond Expansion
• A Measurement of the Cosmic Microwave Background Gravitational Lensing Potential from 100 Square Degrees of SPTpol Data
• Redshift-Space Distortions in Lagrangian Perturbation Theory
• Consistent Modeling of Velocity Statistics and Redshift-Space Distortions in One-Loop Perturbation Theory
• CMB lensing tomography with the DES Science Verification galaxies
• Redshift Distortions as a Probe of Gravity
• The clustering of galaxies in the SDSS-III Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey: the low redshift sample
• Cosmological constraints from the tomographic cross-correlation of DESI Luminous Red Galaxies and Planck CMB lensing
• The VIMOS Public Extragalactic Redshift Survey (VIPERS). Gravity test from the combination of redshift-space distortions and galaxy-galaxy lensing at $0.5<z<1.2$
• CARS: The CFHTLS-Archive-Research Survey III. First detection of cosmic magnification in samples of normal high-z galaxies
• Cosmological Analysis of Three-Dimensional BOSS Galaxy Clustering and Planck CMB Lensing Cross Correlations via Lagrangian Perturbation Theory
• RCSLenS: Testing gravitational physics through the cross-correlation of weak lensing and large-scale structure
• unWISE tomography of Planck CMB lensing
• Constraining Gravity at the Largest Scales through CMB Lensing and Galaxy Velocities
• A Detection of Weak Lensing Magnification using Galaxy Sizes and Magnitudes
• Tomographic galaxy clustering with the Subaru Hyper Suprime-Cam first year public data release
• On the complementarity of galaxy clustering with cosmic shear and flux magnification
• A Measurement of Gravitational Lensing of the Cosmic Microwave Background Using SPT-3G 2018 Data
• KiDS+2dFLenS+GAMA: Testing the cosmological model with the $E_{\mathrm{G}}$ statistic
• The Clustering of Galaxies in the Completed SDSS-III Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey: single-probe measurements from DR12 galaxy clustering -- towards an accurate model
• Cosmic shear power spectra in practice
• Disconnected pseudo-$C_{\ell }$ covariances for projected large-scale structure data
• Euclid preparation: XIX. Impact of magnification on photometric galaxy clustering
• Full-sky CMB lensing reconstruction in presence of sky-cuts
• Magnification and evolution biases in large-scale structure surveys
• Dark Energy Survey Year 1 Results: tomographic cross-correlations between DES galaxies and CMB lensing from SPT+Planck
• Testing gravity on large scales by combining weak lensing with galaxy clustering using CFHTLenS and BOSS CMASS
• Probing gravity with a joint analysis of galaxy and CMB lensing and SDSS spectroscopy
• New Gravitational Scales in Cosmological Surveys
• Tests of General Relativity on Astrophysical Scales
• Cosmological constraints from a joint analysis of cosmic microwave background and spectroscopic tracers of the large-scale structure
• Dark Energy Survey Year 3 results: Magnification modeling and impact on cosmological constraints from galaxy clustering and galaxy-galaxy lensing
• Testing gravity using galaxy-galaxy lensing and clustering amplitudes in KiDS-1000, BOSS and 2dFLenS
• Probing gravity at large scales through CMB lensing
• Tomographic analyses of the CMB lensing and galaxy clustering to probe the linear structure growth
• Creating Jackknife and Bootstrap estimates of the covariance matrix for the two-point correlation function
• Magnification bias in galaxy surveys with complex sample selection functions
• Observational biases in flux magnification measurements
• The importance of magnification effects in galaxy-galaxy lensing
• Constraining primordial non-Gaussianity from DESI quasar targets and Planck CMB lensing
• Testing gravity with $E_G$: mapping theory onto observations
• Cosmology with the CMB temperature-polarization correlation
• A comparison of template vs. direct model fitting for redshift-space distortions in BOSS
• Cross-correlation between Subaru Hyper Suprime-Cam Galaxy Weak Lensing and Planck Cosmic Microwave Background Lensing
• Disentangling magnification in combined shear-clustering analyses
• Testing General Relativity on cosmological scales at redshift z ~ 1.5 with quasar and CMB lensing
• Measurement of a Cosmographic Distance Ratio with Galaxy and CMB Lensing
• Constraining gravity at large scales with the 2MASS Photometric Redshift catalogue and Planck lensing
• On cosmological bias due to the magnification of shear and position samples in modern weak lensing analyses
• Lensing corrections to the $E_g(z)$ statistics from large scale structure
• Magnification Bias Estimators for Realistic Surveys: an Application to the BOSS Survey
• Cosmological Probes of Structure Growth and Tests of Gravity
• Real-world CMB lensing quadratic estimator power spectrum response
• The observable $E_g$ statistics
• Calibrating magnification bias for the $E_G$ statistic to test general relativity
• An unbiased method of measuring the ratio of two data sets

Cited by in corpus (8)

• Cosmological constraints from the cross-correlation of DESI Luminous Red Galaxies with CMB lensing from Planck PR4 and ACT DR6
• Robust Evidence for Dynamical Dark Energy from DESI Galaxy-CMB Lensing Cross-Correlation and Geometric Probes
• Testing General Relativity through the $E_G$ Statistic Using the Weyl Potential and Galaxy Velocities
• Challenges in Cosmic Magnification Reconstruction by Magnification Response
• Cosmology with Cosmic Voids
• Probing gravity with non-linear clustering in redshift space
• Cavendish experiment with fast radio bursts on cosmological scales
• Toward testing gravity with LSST using $E_G$