exoMMR: a New Python Package to Confirm and Characterize Mean Motion Resonances
arXiv:2307.06171 · doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ace69d
Abstract
The study of orbital resonances allows for the constraint of planetary properties of compact systems. We can predict a system's resonances by observing the orbital periods of the planets, as planets in or near mean motion resonance have period ratios that reduce to a ratio of small numbers. However, a period ratio near commensurability does not guarantee a resonance; we must study the system's dynamics and resonant angles to confirm resonance. Because resonances require in-depth study to confirm, and because two-body resonances require a measurement of the eccentricity vector which is quite challenging, very few resonant pairs or chains have been confirmed. We thus remain in the era of small number statistics, not yet able to perform large population synthesis or informatics studies. To address this problem, we build a python package to find, confirm, and analyze mean motion resonances, primarily through N-body simulations. We then analyze all near-resonant planets in the Kepler/K2 and TESS catalogues, confirming over 60 new resonant pairs and various new resonant chains. We additionally demonstrate the package's functionality and potential by characterizing the mass-eccentricity degeneracy of Kepler-80g, exploring the likelihood of an exterior giant planet in Kepler-80, and constraining the masses of planets in Kepler-305. We find that our methods overestimate the libration amplitudes of the resonant angles and struggle to confirm resonances in systems with more than three planets. We identify various systems that are likely resonant chains but that we are unable to confirm, and highlight next steps for exoplanetary resonances.
arXiv comment19 pages, 3 figures, 8 tables, accepted for publication in AJ
References in corpus (70)
- REBOUND: An open-source multi-purpose N-body code for collisional dynamics
- The Revised TESS Input Catalog and Candidate Target List
- A Closely-Packed System of Low-Mass, Low-Density Planets Transiting Kepler-11
- The Mass-Radius Relation for 65 Exoplanets Smaller than 4 Earth Radii
- Validation of Kepler's Multiple Planet Candidates. III: Light Curve Analysis & Announcement of Hundreds of New Multi-planet Systems
- Masses, Radii, and Orbits of Small Kepler Planets: The Transition from Gaseous to Rocky Planets
- WHFast: A fast and unbiased implementation of a symplectic Wisdom-Holman integrator for long term gravitational simulations
- False positive probabilties for all Kepler Objects of Interest: 1284 newly validated planets and 428 likely false positives
- Identifying Exoplanets with Deep Learning: A Five Planet Resonant Chain around Kepler-80 and an Eighth Planet around Kepler-90
- On the orbital evolution and growth of protoplanets embedded in a gaseous disc
- Transit Timing Observations from Kepler: IV. Confirmation of 4 Multiple Planet Systems by Simple Physical Models
- Densities and Eccentricities of 139 Kepler Planets from Transit Time Variations
- REBOUNDx: A Library for Adding Conservative and Dissipative Forces to Otherwise Symplectic N-body Integrations
- A resonant chain of four transiting, sub-Neptune planets
- Kepler Planet Masses and Eccentricities from TTV Analysis
- 197 Candidates and 104 Validated Planets in K2's First Five Fields
- Overstable Librations can account for the Paucity of Mean Motion Resonances among Exoplanet Pairs
- Transit Timing Observations from Kepler. IX. Catalog of the Full Long-Cadence Data Set
- Very Low-Density Planets around Kepler-51 Revealed with Transit Timing Variations and an Anomaly Similar to a Planet-Planet Eclipse Event
- Kepler 18-b, c, and d: A System Of Three Planets Confirmed by Transit Timing Variations, Lightcurve Validation, Spitzer Photometry and Radial Velocity Measurements
- Six transiting planets and a chain of Laplace resonances in TOI-178
- Transit Timing Observations from Kepler: VII. Confirmation of 27 planets in 13 multiplanet systems via Transit Timing Variations and orbital stability
- All Six Planets Known to Orbit Kepler-11 Have Low Densities
- 275 Candidates and 149 Validated Planets Orbiting Bright Stars in K2 Campaigns 0-10
- Influence of Stellar Multiplicity On Planet Formation. I. Evidence of Suppressed Planet Formation Due to Stellar Companions Within 20 AU and Validation of Four Planets From the Kepler Multiple Planet Candidates
- Secure TTV Mass Measurements: Ten Kepler Exoplanets between 3 and 8 Earth Masses with Diverse Densities and Incident Fluxes
- A Dynamical Analysis of the Kepler-80 System of Five Transiting Planets
- The Featureless Transmission Spectra of Two Super-Puff Planets
- Transit Timing Variation of Near-Resonance Planetary Pairs. II. Confirmation of 30 planets in 15 Multiple Planet Systems
- KOI-152's Low Density Planets
- Warm terrestrial planet with half the mass of Venus transiting a nearby star
- Transit Timing Observations from Kepler: II. Confirmation of Two Multiplanet Systems via a Non-parametric Correlation Analysis
- Masses and compositions of three small planets orbiting the nearby M dwarf L231-32 (TOI-270) and the M dwarf radius valley
- Transit Timing Variation of Near-Resonance Planetary Pairs: Confirmation of Twelve Multiple Planet Systems
- On the evolution of mean motion resonances through stochastic forcing: Fast and slow libration modes and the origin of HD128311
- An Empirically Derived Three-Dimensional Laplace Resonance in the Gliese 876 Planetary System
- ExoMiner: A Highly Accurate and Explainable Deep Learning Classifier that Validates 301 New Exoplanets
- Five Planets Transiting a Ninth Magnitude Star
- Detection of Hundreds of New Planet Candidates and Eclipsing Binaries in K2 Campaigns 0-8
- New Constraints on Gliese 876 -- Exemplar of Mean-Motion Resonance
- Convergence zones for Type I migration: an inward shift for multiple planet systems
- Exoplanet Validation with Machine Learning: 50 new validated Kepler planets
- Stability of the Kepler-11 System and its Origin
- Stability and Occurrence Rate Constraints on the Planetary Sculpting Hypothesis for "Transitional" Disks
- TESS-Keck Survey IX: Masses of Three Sub-Neptunes Orbiting HD 191939 and the Discovery of a Warm Jovian Plus a Distant Sub-Stellar Companion
- Breaking Resonant Chains: Destabilization of Resonant Planets due to Long-term Mass Evolution
- Precise transit and radial-velocity characterization of a resonant pair: a warm Jupiter TOI-216c and eccentric warm Neptune TOI-216b
- A PSF-based approach to Kepler/K2 data - III. Search for exoplanets and variable stars within the open cluster M 67 (NGC 2682)
- Tatooine's Future: The Eccentric Response of Kepler's Circumbinary Planets to Common-Envelope Evolution of their Host Stars
- Mass, Density, and Formation Constraints in the Compact, Sub-Earth Kepler-444 System including Two Mars-Mass Planets
- 37 New Validated Planets in Overlapping K2 Campaigns
- Revisiting the HIP41378 system with K2 and Spitzer
- Three Pathways for Observed Resonant Chains
- Transit Timing Variations and linear ephemerides of confirmed Kepler transiting exoplanets
- Detection and Doppler monitoring of EPIC 246471491, a system of four transiting planets smaller than Neptune
- Dynamics and Origins of the Near-Resonant Kepler Planets
- HD 28109 hosts a trio of transiting Neptunian planets including a near-resonant pair, confirmed by ASTEP from Antarctica
- Following up the Kepler field: Masses of Targets for transit timing and atmospheric characterization
- Confirming the 3:2 Resonance Chain of K2-138
- A Five-Planet Resonant Chain: Reevaluation of the Kepler-80 System
- A Simplified Photodynamical Model for Planetary Mass Determination in Low-Eccentricity Multi-Transiting Systems
- Precise mass determination for the keystone sub-Neptune planet transiting the mid-type M dwarf G 9-40
- Multiplicity Boost Of Transit Signal Classifiers: Validation of 69 New Exoplanets Using The Multiplicity Boost of ExoMiner
- The LHS 1678 System: Two Earth-Sized Transiting Planets and an Astrometric Companion Orbiting an M Dwarf Near the Convective Boundary at 20 pc
- Modeling Radial Velocity Data of Resonant Planets to Infer Migration Histories
- Two planetary systems with transiting Earth-size and super-Earth planets orbiting late-type dwarf stars
- Apsidal Alignment and Anti-Alignment of Planets in Mean-Motion Resonance: Disk-Driven Migration and Eccentricity Driving
- Kepler-80 Revisited: Assessing the Participation of a Newly Discovered Planet in the Resonant Chain
- Confirming Resonance in Three Transiting Systems
- Inferred Properties of Planets in Mean-Motion Resonances are Biased by Measurement Noise