Atomic Gas Scaling Relations of Star-forming Galaxies at $z\approx 1$

Abstract

We use the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (GMRT) Cold-HI AT $z\approx 1$ (CAT$z1$) survey, a 510 hr HI 21cm emission survey of galaxies at $z=0.74-1.45$, to report the first measurements of atomic hydrogen (HI) scaling relations at $z\approx 1$. We divide our sample of 11,419 blue star-forming galaxies at $z\approx 1$ into three stellar mass ($M_{\ast }$) subsamples and obtain detections (at $\ge 4\sigma$ significance) of the stacked HI 21cm emission signal from galaxies in all three subsamples. We fit a power-law relation to the measurements of the average HI mass ($M_{HI}$) in the three stellar-mass subsamples to find that the slope of the $M_{HI}-M_{\ast }$ relation at $z\approx 1$ is consistent with that at $z\approx 0$. However, we find that the $M_{HI}-M_{\ast }$ relation has shifted downwards from $z\approx 1$ to $z\approx 0$, by a factor of $3.54\pm 0.48$. Further, we find that the HI depletion timescales ($t_{dep,HI}$) of galaxies in the three stellar-mass subsamples are systematically lower than those at $z\approx 0$, by factors of $\approx 2-4$. We divide the sample galaxies into three specific star-formation rate (sSFR) subsamples, again obtaining $\ge 4\sigma$ detections of the stacked HI 21cm emission signal in all three subsamples. We find that the relation between the ratio of HI mass to stellar mass and the sSFR evolves between $z\approx 1$ and $z\approx 0$. Unlike the efficiency of conversion of molecular gas to stars, which does not evolve significantly with redshift, we find that the efficiency with which HI is converted to stars is much higher for star-forming galaxies at $z\approx 1$ than those at $z\approx 0$.

arXiv commentPublished in ApJ Letters; 13 pages, 6 figures

References in corpus (43)

• SciPy 1.0--Fundamental Algorithms for Scientific Computing in Python
• Astropy: A Community Python Package for Astronomy
• Cosmic Star Formation History
• The physical properties of star forming galaxies in the low redshift universe
• Stellar Masses and Star Formation Histories for 10^5 Galaxies from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
• The Star Formation Efficiency in Nearby Galaxies: Measuring Where Gas Forms Stars Effectively
• Simba: Cosmological Simulations with Black Hole Growth and Feedback
• Radio Properties of Infrared Selected Galaxies in the IRAS 2 Jy Sample
• The Star-formation Mass Sequence out to z=2.5
• Constraining the Low-Mass Slope of the Star Formation Sequence at 0.5<z<2.5
• The DEEP2 Galaxy Redshift Survey: Design, Observations, Data Reduction, and Redshifts
• Combined CO & Dust Scaling Relations of Depletion Time and Molecular Gas Fractions with Cosmic Time, Specific Star Formation Rate and Stellar Mass
• Ubiquitous outflows in DEEP2 spectra of star-forming galaxies at z=1.4
• xCOLD GASS: the complete IRAM-30m legacy survey of molecular gas for galaxy evolution studies
• The Evolution of the Star-forming Interstellar Medium across Cosmic Time
• xGASS: Total cold gas scaling relations and molecular-to-atomic gas ratios of galaxies in the local Universe
• The DEEP2 Galaxy Redshift Survey: The Galaxy Luminosity Function to z ~ 1
• Shark: introducing an open source, free and flexible semi-analytic model of galaxy formation
• Signals from the Noise: Image Stacking for Quasars in the FIRST Survey
• The cold interstellar medium of galaxies in the Local Universe
• The HI content of star-forming galaxies at z = 0.24
• Mid-IR Luminosities and UV/Optical Star Formation Rates at z<1.4
• Detection of HI in distant galaxies using spectral stacking
• Galaxy Cold Gas Contents in Modern Cosmological Hydrodynamic Simulations
• ALFALFA HI Data Stacking I. Does the Bulge Quench Ongoing Star Formation in Early-Type Galaxies?
• Highest Redshift Image of Neutral Hydrogen in Emission: A CHILES Detection of a Starbursting Galaxy at z=0.376
• Modeling the atomic-to-molecular transition in cosmological simulations of galaxy formation
• The Effect of Structure and Star Formation on the Gas Content of Nearby Galaxies
• HIGHz: A Survey of the Most HI-Massive Galaxies at z~0.2
• HI 21-centimetre emission from an ensemble of galaxies at an average redshift of one
• Atomic hydrogen in star-forming galaxies at intermediate redshifts
• The gas mass of star-forming galaxies at $z\approx 1.3$
• GMRT observation of neutral atomic hydrogen gas in the COSMOS field at $z\sim 0.37$
• HI in Abell 3128
• BUDHIES I: characterizing the environments in and around two clusters at z~0.2
• Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope Detection of HI 21 cm Emission from Star-forming Galaxies at $z\approx 1.3$
• Star Formation and Quenching of Central Galaxies from Stacked HI Measurements
• MIGHTEE-HI: Evolution of HI scaling relations of star-forming galaxies at $z<0.5$
• Calibrating the Star Formation Rate at z=1 from Optical Data
• BUDHIES IV: Deep 21-cm neutral Hydrogen, optical and UV imaging data of Abell 963 and Abell 2192 at z $\simeq$ 0.2
• Atomic Gas Dominates the Baryonic Mass of Star-forming Galaxies at $z\approx 1.3$
• The Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope Cold-HI AT $z\approx 1$ Survey
• Insufficient Gas Accretion Caused the Decline in Cosmic Star-Formation Activity 8 Billion Years Ago

Cited by in corpus (17)

• A luminous fast radio burst that probes the Universe at redshift 1
• Atomic hydrogen scaling relations at $z\approx 0.35$
• The most distant HI galaxies discovered by the 500 m dish FAST
• New constraints on the evolution of the MHI-M* scaling relation combining CHILES and MIGHTEE-HI data
• Measuring the physical imprints of gas flows in galaxies I: Accretion rate histories
• EDEN: Exploring Disks Embedded in N-body simulations of Milky-Way-mass halos from Symphony
• Dark Matter Fraction in Disk-Like Galaxies Over the Past 10 Gyr
• Tully-Fisher Relation of Late-type Galaxies at $0.6\le z\le 2.5$
• NeutralUniverseMachine: How Filaments and Dark Matter Halo Influence the Galaxy Cold Gas Content
• The dark side of early galaxies: $\text{geko}$ uncovers dark-matter fractions at $z\sim 4-6$
• Neutral hydrogen lensing simulations in the Hubble Frontier Fields
• CHILES X: Molecular and atomic gas at intermediate redshift
• MUSE-DARK-II: 3D morpho-kinematic modelling of lensed galaxies. Tully-Fisher relation of $z\sim 1$ star-forming galaxies
• Atomic hydrogen reservoirs in quiescent galaxies at z = 0.4
• The Baryon Budget of Galaxies across the First Billion Years
• FEASTS and MHONGOOSE: HI Column Density Distribution at $z=0$ for $N_{\mathrm{HI}}>10^{17.8}{\mathrm{cm}}^{-2}$
• Recent Developments on the HI Gas of Low-Redshift Galaxies Seen by the 21cm Emission Lines