Lithium depletion boundary, stellar associations, and Gaia

Abstract

Stellar ages are key to improving our understanding of different astrophysical phenomena. However, many techniques to estimate stellar ages are highly model-dependent. The lithium depletion boundary (LDB), based on the presence or absence of lithium in low-mass stars, can be used to derive ages in stellar associations of between 20 and 500~Ma. The purpose of this work is to revise former LDB ages in stellar associations in a consistent way, taking advantage of the homogeneous \textit{Gaia} parallaxes as well as bolometric luminosity estimations that do not rely on monochromatic bolometric corrections. We studied nine open clusters and three moving groups characterised by a previous determination of the LDB age. We gathered all the available information from our data and the literature: membership, distances, photometric data, reddening, metallicity, and surface gravity. We re-assigned membership and calculated bolometric luminosities and effective temperatures using distances derived from Gaia DR2 and multi-wavelength photometry for individual objects around the former LDB. We located the LDB using a homogeneous method for all the stellar associations. Finally, we estimated the age by comparing it with different evolutionary models. We located the LDB for the twelve stellar associations and derived their ages using several theoretical evolutionary models. We compared the LDB ages among them, along with data obtained with other techniques, such as isochrone fitting, ultimately finding some discrepancies among the various approaches. Finally, we remark that the 32 Ori MG is likely to be composed of at least two populations of different ages.

arXiv comment78 pages, accepted by A&A

References in corpus (161)

• The chemical composition of the Sun
• Gaia Data Release 2. Summary of the contents and survey properties
• A grid of MARCS model atmospheres for late-type stars I. Methods and general properties
• The UKIRT Infrared Deep Sky Survey (UKIDSS)
• The Eleventh and Twelfth Data Releases of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: Final Data from SDSS-III
• Gaia Data Release 1. Summary of the astrometric, photometric, and survey properties
• Gaia Data Release 2: The astrometric solution
• The VizieR database of Astronomical Catalogues
• A Non-Gray Theory of Extrasolar Giant Planets and Brown Dwarfs
• New catalogue of optically visible open clusters and candidates
• Ages for illustrative field stars using gyrochronology: viability, limitations and errors
• The Wavelength Dependence of Interstellar Extinction from 1.25 to 8.0 microns Using GLIMPSE Data
• Gaia Data Release 2: Photometric content and validation
• Gaia Data Release 2: using Gaia parallaxes
• A Gaia DR2 view of the Open Cluster population in the Milky Way
• Gaia Data Release 2: Catalogue validation
• Gaia Data Release 1: Astrometry - one billion positions, two million proper motions and parallaxes
• VOSA: Virtual Observatory SED Analyzer. An application to the Collinder 69 open cluster
• The Ages of Stars
• Parallaxes and proper motions for 20 open clusters as based on the new Hipparcos catalogue
• A self-consistent, absolute isochronal age scale for young moving groups in the solar neighbourhood
• Estimating distances from parallaxes
• Keck Spectra of Pleiades Brown Dwarf Candidates and a Precise Determination of the Lithium Depletion Edge in the Pleiades
• Evolution of low-mass star and brown dwarf eclipsing binaries
• On the age of the $\beta$ Pictoris moving group
• Bayesian analysis to identify new star candidates in nearby young stellar kinematic groups
• On the Correlation between the Magnetic Activity Levels, the Metallicities and the Radii of Low-Mass Stars
• The Pisa pre-main sequence tracks and isochrones. A database covering a wide range of Z, Y, mass, and age values
• Photo-astrometric distances, extinctions, and astrophysical parameters for Gaia DR2 stars brighter than G = 18
• Age determination for 269 $Gaia$ DR2 Open Clusters
• Pre-main-sequence isochrones -- II. Revising star and planet formation timescales
• StarHorse: A Bayesian tool for determining stellar masses, ages, distances, and extinctions for field stars
• A lithium depletion boundary age of 21 Myr for the Beta Pictoris moving group
• Spectroscopy of Very Low Mass Stars and Brown Dwarfs in IC2391: Lithium depletion and Halpha emission
• The Problem of Hipparcos Distances to Open Clusters: I. Constraints from Multicolor Main Sequence Fitting
• Radio Observations of a Large Sample of Late-M, L, and T Dwarfs: The Distribution of Magentic Field Strengths
• On the metallicity of open clusters. III. Homogenised sample
• The AstraLux Large M-dwarf Multiplicity Survey
• Untangling the Galaxy I: Local Structure and Star Formation History of the Milky Way
• The Age of Beta Pic
• Brown Dwarfs in the Pleiades Cluster Confirmed by the Lithium Test
• Identifying the Young Low-mass Stars within 25 pc. I. Spectroscopic Observations
• A Stellar Census of the Tucana-Horologium Moving Group
• The Second Data Release of the INT Photometric H-Alpha Survey of the Northern Galactic Plane (IPHAS DR2)
• A Hipparcos study of the Hyades open cluster: Improved colour-absolute magnitude and Hertzsprung-Russell diagrams
• Eclipsing binaries as standard candles: HD 23642 and the distance to the Pleiades
• Search for associations containing young stars. III- Ages and Li abundances
• CARMENES input catalogue of M dwarfs V. Luminosities, colours, and spectral energy distributions
• Identification of a nearby stellar association in the Hipparcos catalog: implications for recent, local star formation
• BANYAN. III. Radial velocity, Rotation and X-ray emission of low-mass star candidates in nearby young kinematic groups
• Lithium Depletion of Nearby Young Stellar Associations
• A New Association of Post-T Tauri Stars Near The Sun
• The Hyades tidal tails revealed by Gaia DR2
• The Age and Age Spread of the Praesepe and Hyades Clusters: a Consistent, ~800 Myr Picture from Rotating Stellar Models
• The Ages of Early-Type Stars: Strömgren Photometric Methods Calibrated, Validated, Tested, and Applied to Hosts and Prospective Hosts of Directly Imaged Exoplanets
• A reanalysis of the Gaia Data Release 2 photometric sensitivity curves using HST/STIS spectrophotometry
• A VLBI Resolution of the Pleiades Distance Controversy
• Infrared Colors at the Stellar/Substellar Boundary
• Membership and Multiplicity among Very Low-Mass Stars and Brown Dwarfs in the Pleiades Cluster
• Near and Mid-IR Photometry of the Pleiades, and a New List of Substellar Candidate Members
• BANYAN. IV. Fundamental parameters of low-mass star candidates in nearby young stellar kinematic groups - Isochronal Age determination using Magnetic evolutionary models
• A maximum likelihood method for fitting colour-magnitude diagrams
• Fitting the young main-sequence; distances, ages and age spreads
• Lithium Depletion in Fully Convective Pre-Main Sequence Stars
• Keck Spectra of Brown Dwarf Candidates and a Precise Determination of the Lithium Depletion Boundary in the Alpha Persei Open Cluster
• Atmospheres from very low-mass stars to extrasolar planets
• The Lithium Depletion Boundary in NGC 2547 as a test of pre-main-sequence evolutionary models
• Membership, lithium, and metallicity in the young open clusters IC 2602 and IC 2391: enlarging the sample
• Extended stellar systems in the solar neighborhood -- V. Discovery of coronae of nearby star clusters
• PPl 15: The First Brown Dwarf Spectroscopic Binary
• Dynamical traceback age of the $\beta$ Pictoris moving group
• Lucky Imaging survey for southern M dwarf binaries
• Wide Field CCD photometry around nine open clusters
• Why are the K dwarfs in the Pleiades so Blue?
• BANYAN. V. A Systematic All-Sky Survey for New Very Late-Type Low-Mass Stars and Brown Dwarfs in Nearby Young Moving Groups
• Extended stellar systems in the solar neighborhood - I. The tidal tails of the Hyades
• All-sky Co-moving Recovery Of Nearby Young Members. (ACRONYM) II: The Beta Pictoris Moving Group
• Spectroscopy of Very Low Mass Stars and Brown Dwarfs in the Lambda Orionis Star Forming Region. I. Enlarging the census down to the planetary mass domain in Collinder 69
• New neighbours. III. 21 new companions to nearby dwarfs, discovered with adaptive optics
• A 5D view of the Alpha Per, Pleiades, and Praesepe clusters
• The lithium depletion boundary and the age of the Hyades cluster
• Brown dwarfs and very low mass stars in the Hyades cluster : a dynamically evolved mass function
• Are pre-main-sequence stars older than we thought?
• Ages of A-type Vega-like stars from uvby$\beta$ Photometry
• The lithium-rotation connection in the 125 Myr-old Pleiades cluster
• An HST/WFPC2 Survey for Brown Dwarf Binaries in the alpha Per and the Pleiades Open Clusters
• The Lithium Depletion Boundary and the Age of the Young Open Cluster IC~2391
• Theoretical Examination of the Lithium Depletion Boundary
• The Seven Sisters DANCe. I. Empirical isochrones, Luminosity and Mass Functions of the Pleiades cluster
• Optimal photometry for colour-magnitude diagrams and its application to NGC 2547
• Search for associations containing young stars (SACY):II. Chemical abundances of stars in 11 young Associations in the Solar neighborhood
• A Substellar Mass Function for Alpha Per
• Characterising Open Clusters in the solar neighbourhood with the Tycho-Gaia Astrometric Solution
• A Tale of Two Anomalies: Depletion, Dispersion, and the Connection Between the Stellar Lithium Spread and Inflated Radii on the Pre-Main Sequence
• The Gaia-ESO Survey: open clusters in Gaia-DR1 - a way forward to stellar age calibration
• Chemical composition of A and F dwarfs members of the Pleiades open cluster
• Chemical composition of A and F dwarfs members of the Hyades open cluster
• Search for associations containing young stars (SACY). V. Is multiplicity universal? Tight multiple systems
• The rotation - Lithium depletion correlation in the beta Pictoris association and LDB age determination
• Chemical composition of the young open clusters IC2602 and IC2391
• The inflated radii of M-dwarfs in the Pleiades
• The Carlsberg Meridian Telescope CCD Drift Scan Survey
• Debris Disks in NGC 2547
• The lower mass function of the young open cluster Blanco 1: from 30 Mjup to 3 Mo
• Proper motion surveys of the young open clusters Alpha Persei and the Pleiades
• On the difference between nuclear and contraction ages
• HAZMAT III: The UV Evolution of Mid- to Late-M Stars with GALEX
• A 3D view of the Hyades stellar and sub-stellar population
• Lithium Depletion Boundary in a Pre-Main Sequence Binary System
• Very Low Mass Stars and Brown Dwarfs of the Young Open Cluster IC2391
• The effect of starspots on the radii of low-mass pre-main sequence stars
• Low mass stars, brown dwarf candidates and the mass function of the young open cluster NGC 2547
• Detection of the lithium depletion boundary in the young open cluster IC 4665
• Spectroscopic confirmation of M-dwarf candidate members of the Beta Pictoris and AB Doradus Moving Groups
• Brown Dwarfs in the Pleiades Cluster. III. A deep IZ survey
• A Test of Pre-Main-Sequence Lithium Depletion Models
• The Gaia Ultra-Cool Dwarf Sample -- II: Structure at the end of the main sequence
• Elemental abundances in the Blanco 1 open cluster
• Light Element Depletion in Contracting Brown Dwarfs and Pre--Main-Sequence Stars
• Pre-main-sequence isochrones -- III. The Cluster Collaboration isochrone server
• The lithium depletion boundary and the age of NGC 2547
• Magneto-Convection and Lithium Age Estimates of the βPictoris Moving Group
• Identification of the Lithium Depletion Boundary and Age of the Southern Open Cluster Blanco 1
• Evaluating Gyrochronology on the Zero-Age-Main-Sequence: Rotation Periods in the Southern Open Cluster Blanco 1 from the KELT-South Survey
• Empirical classification of VLT/Giraffe stellar spectra in the wavelength range 6440-6810 A in the gamma Vel cluster, and calibration of spectral indices
• The beta Pictoris association: Catalog of photometric rotational periods of low-mass members and candidate members
• The effect of starspots on the ages of low-mass stars determined from the lithium depletion boundary
• Lithium pollution of a white dwarf records the accretion of an extrasolar planetesimal
• A lithium depletion boundary age of 22 Myr for NGC 1960
• Low-mass members of the young cluster IC 4665 and pre-main-sequence lithium depletion
• A statistical method to determine open cluster metallicities
• A Hubble Space Telescope ACS Search for Brown Dwarf Binaries in the Pleiades Open Cluster
• Spectroscopy of Hyades L dwarf candidates
• Binaries among low-mass stars in nearby young moving groups
• The Mass and Age of Very Low Mass Members of the Open Cluster Alpha Persei
• L dwarfs in the Hyades
• A stellar census of the nearby, young 32 Orionis group
• Exploring the Lower Mass Function in the young open Cluster IC 4665
• Kalkayotl: A cluster distance inference code
• Cumulative theoretical uncertainties in lithium depletion boundary age
• Gaia-ESO Survey: Role of magnetic activity and starspots on pre-main sequence lithium evolution
• Employing a New BVIc Photometric Survey of IC 4665 to Investigate the Age of this Young Open Cluster
• Lithium in the Hyades L5 brown dwarf 2MASSJ04183483+2131275
• Visualisation of Multi-mission Astronomical Data with ESASky
• A revised moving cluster distance to the Pleiades open cluster
• Speckle Interferometry of Red Dwarf Stars
• The seven sisters DANCe IV. Bayesian hierarchical model
• The seven sisters DANCe.II. Proper motions and the lithium-rotation-activity connection for G and K Pleiads
• Open clusters and associations in the Gaia era
• An Improved Determination of the Lithium Depletion Boundary Age of Blanco 1 and a First Look on the Effects of Magnetic Activity
• A Constraint on brown dwarf formation via ejection: radial variation of the stellar and substellar mass function of the young open cluster IC2391
• A New X-Ray Analysis of the Open Cluster Blanco 1 Using Wide-Field BVIc Photometric and Proper Motion Surveys
• A new L5 brown dwarf member of the Hyades cluster with chromospheric activity
• Physical parameters of late M-type members of Chamaleon I and TW Hydrae Association: Dust settling, age dispersion and activity
• Ultracool Dwarfs in deep extragalactic surveys using the Virtual Observatory: ALHAMBRA and COSMOS
• The relation of the Alpha Persei star cluster with the nearby stellar stream
• 44 New & Known M Dwarf Multiples In The SDSS-III/APOGEE M Dwarf Ancillary Science Sample
• Search for the sub-stellar lithium depletion boundary in the open star cluster Coma Berenices
• J-PLUS: Discovery and characterisation of ultracool dwarfs using Virtual Observatory tools
• Pleiades or Not? Resolving the Status of the Lithium Rich M Dwarfs HHJ339 and HHJ430
• The one that got away: A unique eclipse in the young brown dwarf Roque 12

Cited by in corpus (17)

• The Empirical Limits of Gyrochronology
• The Gaia-ESO Survey: Empirical estimates of stellar ages from lithium equivalent widths (EAGLES)
• Addressing Systematics in the Traceback Age of the $\beta$ Pictoris Moving Group
• The IACOB project XII. A new grid of northern standards for the spectral classification of B-type stars
• Stellar Rotation and Structure of the $\alpha$ Persei Complex: When Does Gyrochronology Start to Work?
• Dynamical age of the Tucana-Horologium young stellar association
• The Oceanus Moving Group: A New 500 Myr-Old Host for the Nearest Brown Dwarf
• Using the Gaia excess uncertainty as a proxy for stellar variability and age
• Asteroseismology of $\delta$ Scuti stars: emulating model grids using a neural network
• Benchmarking Gaia DR3 Apsis with the Hyades and Pleiades open clusters
• A possible misaligned orbit for the young planet AU Mic c
• ChronoFlow: A Data-Driven Model for Gyrochronology
• Bayesian ages of local young stellar associations I. Through the expansion rate method
• Lost Sisters Found: TESS and Gaia Reveal a Dissolving Pleiades Complex
• Characterizing bright $\delta$ Scuti pulsators using TESS lightcurves
• New Way to Date Globular Clusters: Brown Dwarf Cooling Sequences
• Going Bayesian on the ages of nearby young stellar systems I. The expansion rate method