Magnetoelectricity in two-dimensional materials

Abstract

Since the initial isolation of few-layer graphene, a plethora of two-dimensional atomic crystals has become available, covering almost all known materials types including metals, semiconductors, superconductors, ferro- and antiferromagnets. These advances have augmented the already existing variety of two-dimensional materials that are routinely realized by quantum confinement in bulk-semiconductor heterostructures. This review focuses on the type of material for which two-dimensional realizations are still being actively sought: magnetoelectrics. We present an overview of current theoretical expectation and experimental progress towards fabricating low-dimensional versions of such materials that can be magnetized by electric charges and polarized electrically by an applied magnetic field - unusual electromagnetic properties that could be the basis for various useful applications. The interplay between spatial confinement and magnetoelectricity is illustrated using the paradigmatic example of magnetic-monopole fields generated by electric charges in or near magnetoelectric media. For the purpose of this discussion, the image-charge method familiar from electrostatics is extended to solve the boundary-value problem for a magnetoelectric medium in the finite-width slab geometry using image dyons, i.e., point objects having both electric and magnetic charges. We discuss salient features of the magnetoelectrically induced fields arising in the thin-width limit.

arXiv comment29 pages, 7 figures. v3: corrected typo in Fig. 1

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Cited by in corpus (5)

• Creating a three dimensional intrinsic electric dipole on rotated CrI${}_3$ bilayers
• Ferroelectric response to interlayer shifting and rotations in trilayer hexagonal Boron Nitride
• Magnetic-field-induced critical dynamics in magnetoelectric TbPO${}_4$
• Light propagation in magnetoelectric materials: The role of optical coefficients in refractive index modulation
• Topological magnetoelectric response in passive magnetic devices