Possible persistence of multiferroic order down to bilayer limit of van der Waals material NiI${}_2$

Abstract

Realizing a state of matter in two dimensions has repeatedly proven a novel route of discovering new physical phenomena. Van der Waals (vdW) materials have been at the center of these now extensive research activities. They offer a natural way of producing a monolayer of matter simply by mechanical exfoliation. This work demonstrates that the possible multiferroic state with coexisting antiferromagnetic and ferroelectric orders possibly persists down to the bilayer flake of NiI${}_2$. By exploiting the optical second-harmonic generation technique, both magnitude and direction of the ferroelectric order, arising from the cycloidal spin order, are successfully traced. The possible multiferroic state's transition temperature decreases from 58 K for the bulk to about 20 K for the bilayer. Our observation will spur extensive efforts to demonstrate multi-functionality in vdW materials, which have been tried mostly by using heterostructures of singly ferroic ones until now.

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Cited by in corpus (30)

• Evidence for a single-layer van der Waals multiferroic
• Microscopic origin of multiferroic order in monolayer NiI${}_2$
• Realistic Spin Model for Multiferroic NiI${}_2$
• Atomic-scale visualization of multiferroicity in monolayer NiI${}_2$
• Multi-state data storage in a two-dimensional stripy antiferromagnet implemented by magnetoelectric effect
• Progress and Prospects in Two-Dimensional Magnetism of van der Waals Materials
• Stacking-engineered ferroelectricity and multiferroic order in van der Waals magnets
• Observation of giant surface second harmonic generation coupled to nematic orders in the van der Waals antiferromagnet FePS${}_3$
• Competing multiferroic phases in monolayer and few-layer NiI${}_2$
• Classification of second harmonic generation effect in magnetically ordered materials
• Magnetic frustration in a van der Waals metal CeSiI
• Evidence of Ferroelectricity in an Antiferromagnetic Vanadium Trichloride Monolayer
• Topological multiferroic order in twisted transition metal dichalcogenide bilayers
• Spin-chirality-driven second-harmonic generation in two-dimensional magnet CrSBr
• Creating a three dimensional intrinsic electric dipole on rotated CrI${}_3$ bilayers
• Magnetoelectric effect in van der Waals magnets
• Magnetoelectricity in two-dimensional materials
• Quantum magnetism in the frustrated square lattice oxyhalides YbBi2IO4 and YbBi2ClO4
• Bulk Photovoltaic Effects in Helimagnets
• Room-temperature multiferroicity in GaFeO${}_3$ thin film grown on (100)Si substrate
• Microscopic evidence of spin-driven multiferroicity and topological spin textures in monolayer NiI2
• Magnetic structure and magnetoelectric coupling in antiferromagnet Co5(TeO3)4Cl2
• Revival of antibiskyrmionic magnetic phases in bilayer NiI${}_2$
• Controlling the Magnetic Properties of the van der Waals Multiferroic Crystals Co${}_{1-x}$Ni${}_x$I${}_2$
• Proximity effect and p-wave superconductivity in s-wave superconductor/helimagnet heterostructures
• Contrasting magnetism in VPS3 and CrI3 monolayers with the common honeycomb S = 3/2 spin lattice
• Magnetodielectric Properties in Two Dimensional Magnetic Insulators
• Band topology and dynamic multiferroicity induced from dynamical Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interactions in centrosymmetric lattices
• Dimensional crossover and local strain induced deflection of the spin spiral state in multiferroic NiI2
• Van der Waals Antiferromagnets: From Early Discoveries to Future Directions in the 2D Limit