Optical imaging of strain in two-dimensional crystals

Abstract

Strain engineering is widely used in material science to tune the (opto-)electronic properties of materials and enhance the performance of devices. Two-dimensional atomic crystals are a versatile playground to study the influence of strain, as they can sustain very large deformations without breaking. Various optical techniques have been employed to probe strain in two-dimensional materials, including micro-Raman and photoluminescence spectroscopy. Here we demonstrate that optical second harmonic generation constitutes an even more powerful technique, as it allows to extract the full strain tensor with a spatial resolution below the optical diffraction limit. Our method is based on the strain-induced modification of the nonlinear susceptibility tensor due to a photoelastic effect. Using a two-point bending technique, we determine the photoelastic tensor elements of molybdenum disulfide. Once identified, these parameters allow us to spatially image the two-dimensional strain field in an inhomogeneously strained sample.

13 pages, 4 figures

References in corpus (4)

• Two Dimensional Atomic Crystals
• Uniaxial Strain in Graphene by Raman Spectroscopy: G peak splitting, Gruneisen Parameters and Sample Orientation
• Non-linear Optical Spectroscopy of Excited Exciton States for Efficient Valley Coherence Generation in WSe2 Monolayers
• Electrical Control of Second-Harmonic Generation in a WSe2 Monolayer Transistor

Cited by in corpus (28)

• All-optical polarization and amplitude modulation of second-harmonic generation in atomically thin semiconductors
• The ultrafast onset of exciton formation in 2D semiconductors
• Towards compact phase-matched and waveguided nonlinear optics in atomically layered semiconductors
• Possible persistence of multiferroic order down to bilayer limit of van der Waals material NiI${}_2$
• Parametric Nonlinear Optics with Layered Materials and Related Heterostructures
• Direct imaging of antiferromagnetic domains and anomalous layer-dependent mirror symmetry breaking in atomically thin MnPS${}_3$
• Second harmonic generation control in twisted bilayers of transition metal dichalcogenides
• Strongly anisotropic strain-tunability of excitons in exfoliated ZrSe${}_3$
• Valley Polarization-Electric Dipole Interference and Nonlinear Chiral Selection Rules in Monolayer WSe${}_2$
• Polarization dynamics of solid-state quantum emitters
• Exciton enhanced nonlinear optical responses in monolayer h-BN and MoS2: Insight from first-principles exciton-state coupling formalism and calculations
• Substrate interference and strain in the second harmonic generation from MoSe${}_2$ monolayers
• Strain Induced Modulation of Local Transport of 2D Materials at the Nanoscale
• Interface second harmonic generation enhancement in hetero-bilayer van der Waals nanoantennas
• Exciton-Sensitized Second-Harmonic Generation in 2D Heterostructures
• Second Harmonic Helicity and Faraday Rotation in Gated Single-Layer 1T${}^{\prime }$-WTe${}_2$
• Nonlinear spectroscopy of excitonic states in transition metal dichalcogenides
• Ultrafast all-optical switching in nonlinear 3R-MoS${}_2$ van der Waals metasurfaces
• Proximity-enhanced valley Zeeman splitting at the WS${}_2$/graphene interface
• Strain-dependent resistance and giant gauge factor in monolayer WSe2
• First-principles computational methods for quantum defects in two-dimensional materials: A perspective
• Biaxial strain tuning of excitons in monolayer MoSe${}_2$ by high-temperature physical vapor deposition
• Effects of Reduced Interlayer Interactions on the K-point Excitons of MoS${}_2$ Nanoscrolls
• Strain- and doping-tunable optical resonance in Kekulé-Y graphene
• Ultrafast acoustic modulation of second-harmonic generation in monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides
• Extremely high excitonic $g$-factors in 2D crystals by alloy-induced admixing of band states
• Interlayer exciton mediated second harmonic generation in bilayer MoS2
• Ubiquitous Antiparallel Domains in 2D Hexagonal Boron Nitride Uncovered by Interferometric Nonlinear Optical Imaging