The Hawaii Infrared Parallax Program. IV. A Comprehensive Parallax Survey of L0-T8 dwarfs with UKIRT

Abstract

We present parallaxes, proper motions, and $J$-band photometry for 348 L and T dwarfs measured using the wide-field near-infrared camera WFCAM on the United Kingdom Infrared Telescope. This is the largest single batch of infrared parallaxes for brown dwarfs to date. Our parallaxes have a median uncertainty of 3.5 mas, similar to most previous ground-based infrared parallax surveys. Our target list was designed to complete a volume-limited parallax sample of L0-T8 dwarfs out to 25 pc spanning declinations $-30^{\circ }$ to $+60^{\circ }$ (68% of the sky). We report the first parallaxes for 165 objects, and we improve on previous measurements for another 53 objects. Our targets include 104 objects (mostly early-L dwarfs) having $Gaia$ DR2 parallax measurements, with which our parallaxes are consistent. We include an extensive comparison of previous literature parallaxes for L and T dwarfs with both our results and $Gaia$ DR2 measurements, identifying systematic offsets for some previous surveys. Our parallaxes confirm that 14 objects previously identified as wide common proper motion companions to main-sequence stars have distances consistent with companionship. We also report new $J_{\mathrm{MKO}}$ photometry for our targets, including the first measurements for 193 of our targets and improvements over previously published $J_{\mathrm{MKO}}$ photometry for another 60 targets. Altogether, our parallaxes will enable the first population studies using a volume-limited sample spanning spectral types L0-T8 defined entirely by parallaxes.

arXiv commentPublished in AJ. 54 pages, 17 figures, 7 tables. Data for all parallax survey targets can be found in the UltracoolSheet at http://bit.ly/UltracoolSheet , a compilation of 3000+ ultracool dwarfs and imaged exoplanets, including photometry, J2000 positions, parallaxes, proper motions, multiplicity, and spectroscopic classifications from multiple surveys and numerous sources

References in corpus (155)

• The Sloan Digital Sky Survey: Technical Summary
• Gaia Data Release 2. Summary of the contents and survey properties
• The Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE): Mission Description and Initial On-orbit Performance
• The Gaia mission
• The UKIRT Infrared Deep Sky Survey (UKIDSS)
• Gaia Data Release 1. Summary of the astrometric, photometric, and survey properties
• Gaia Data Release 2: The astrometric solution
• Astrometry and Photometry for Cool Dwarfs and Brown Dwarfs
• Gaia Data Release 1: Astrometry - one billion positions, two million proper motions and parallaxes
• Sixty-seven Additional L Dwarfs Discovered by the Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS)
• The Hawaii Infrared Parallax Program. I. Ultracool Binaries and the L/T Transition
• Contributions to the Nearby Stars (NStars) Project: Spectroscopy of Stars Earlier than M0 within 40 parsecs: The Southern Sample
• Near-Infrared Photometry and Spectroscopy of L and T Dwarfs: the Effects of Temperature, Clouds, and Gravity
• BANYAN. XI. The BANYAN $\Sigma$ multivariate Bayesian algorithm to identify members of young associations within 150 pc
• A self-consistent, absolute isochronal age scale for young moving groups in the solar neighbourhood
• New Neighbors from 2MASS: Activity and Kinematics at the Bottom of the Main Sequence
• The Solar Neighborhood XVII: Parallax Results from the CTIOPI 0.9m Program -- Twenty New Members of the RECONS 10 Parsec Sample
• Contributions to the Nearby Stars (NStars) Project: Spectroscopy of Stars Earlier than M0 within 40 parsecs: The Northern Sample I
• A Unified Near Infrared Spectral Classification Scheme for T Dwarfs
• The WFCAM Science Archive
• Towards Spectral Classification of L and T Dwarfs: Infrared and Optical Spectroscopy and Analysis
• Preliminary Parallaxes of 40 L and T Dwarfs from the U.S. Naval Observatory Infrared Astrometry Program
• Characterization of M,L and T dwarfs in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
• The Spectra of T Dwarfs I: Near-Infrared Data and Spectral Classification
• The UKIRT Wide Field Camera ZYJHK Photometric System: Calibration from 2MASS
• Meeting the Cool New Neighbors V: A 2MASS-Selected Sample of Ultracool Dwarfs
• The First Hundred Brown Dwarfs Discovered by the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE)
• L and T Dwarf Models and the L to T Transition
• Further Defining Spectral Type "Y" and Exploring the Low-mass End of the Field Brown Dwarf Mass Function
• Brown Dwarf Companions to G-type Stars. I: Gliese 417B and Gliese 584C
• A Near-Infrared Spectroscopic Study of Young Field Ultracool Dwarfs
• Bayesian analysis to identify new star candidates in nearby young stellar kinematic groups
• The 2MASS Wide-Field T Dwarf Search. III. Seven New T Dwarfs and Other Cool Dwarf Discoveries
• Seventy-One New L and T Dwarfs from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
• Discoveries from a Near-infrared Proper Motion Survey using Multi-epoch 2MASS Data
• Multiplicity of Nearby Free-floating Ultra-cool Dwarfs: a HST-WFPC2 search for companions
• The Deuterium-Burning Mass Limit for Brown Dwarfs and Giant Planets
• BANYAN. II. Very Low Mass and Substellar Candidate Members to Nearby, Young Kinematic Groups With Previously Known Signs of Youth
• Meeting the Cool Neighbors. IX. The Luminosity Function of M7-L8 Ultracool Dwarfs in the Field
• The Brown Dwarf Kinematics Project (BDKP). III. Parallaxes for 70 Ultracool Dwarfs
• Medium-resolution Isaac Newton Telescope library of empirical spectra - II. The stellar atmospheric parameters
• Population Properties of Brown Dwarf Analogs to Exoplanets
• An All-Sky Catalog of Bright M Dwarfs
• Infrared Parallaxes for Methane T dwarfs
• Brown Dwarfs and the TW Hya Association
• The Hawaii Infrared Parallax Program. II. Young Ultracool Field Dwarfs
• Distances, Luminosities, and Temperatures of the Coldest Known Substellar Objects
• A Sample of Very Young Field L Dwarfs and Implications for the Brown Dwarf "Lithium Test" at Early Ages
• The Missing Link: Early Methane ("T") Dwarfs in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
• BANYAN. VII. A New Population of Young Substellar Candidate Members of Nearby Moving Groups from the BASS Survey
• The AstraLux Large M-dwarf Multiplicity Survey
• Hubble Space Telescope Observations of Binary Very-Low-Mass Stars and Brown Dwarfs
• Individual Dynamical Masses of Ultracool Dwarfs
• Cloudless atmospheres for L/T dwarfs and extra-solar giant planets
• The Spectra of T Dwarfs. II. Red Optical Data
• Subtle Signatures of Multiplicity in Late-type Dwarf Spectra: The Unresolved M8.5 + T5 Binary 2MASS J03202839-0446358
• Discovery of 11 New T Dwarfs in the Two Micron All-Sky Survey, Including a Possible L/T Transition Binary
• Colors and Kinematics of L Dwarfs From the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
• The UKIRT Hemisphere Survey: Definition and J-band Data Release
• L Dwarfs Found in Sloan Digital Sky Survey Commissioning Imaging Data
• The AllWISE Motion Survey and The Quest for Cold Subdwarfs
• A search for binary systems among the nearest L dwarfs
• UCAC5: New Proper Motions using Gaia DR1
• Clouds, Gravity and Metallicity in Blue L dwarfs: The Case of 2MASS J11263991-5003550
• A Cross-Match of 2MASS and SDSS: Newly-Found L and T Dwarfs and an Estimate of the Space Densitfy of T Dwarfs
• A Study of the Diverse T Dwarf Population Revealed by WISE
• SpeX Spectroscopy of Unresolved Very Low Mass Binaries. II. Identification of Fourteen Candidate Binaries with Late-M/Early-L and T Dwarf Components
• Preliminary Trigonometric Parallaxes of 184 Late-T and Y Dwarfs and an Analysis of the Field Substellar Mass Function into the "Planetary" Mass Regime
• Photometry and Proper Motions of M, L, and T Dwarfs from the Pan-STARRS1 3$\pi$ Survey
• Seventy six T dwarfs from the UKIDSS LAS: benchmarks, kinematics and an updated space density
• The 2MASS Wide-Field T Dwarf Search. IV Unting out T dwarfs with Methane Imaging
• A Flaring L5 Dwarf: The Nature of HαEmission in Very Low Mass (Sub)Stellar Objects
• Three Wide-Separation L dwarf Companions from the Two Micron All Sky Survey: Gl 337C, Gl 618.1B, and HD 89744B
• The Solar Neighborhood XLIV: RECONS Discoveries within 10 Parsecs
• Discovery of the brightest T dwarf in the northern hemisphere
• Forty seven new T dwarfs from the UKIDSS Large Area Survey
• WISE Y Dwarfs As Probes of the Brown Dwarf-Exoplanet Connection
• Discovery of very nearby ultracool dwarfs from DENIS
• Discovery of new nearby L and late-M dwarfs at low Galactic latitude from the DENIS database
• Trigonometric Parallaxes for 1,507 Nearby Mid-to-Late M-dwarfs
• A Search for L/T Transition Dwarfs With Pan-STARRS1 and WISE. II. L/T Transition Atmospheres and Young Discoveries
• The AllWISE Motion Survey, Part 2
• A large spectroscopic sample of L and T dwarfs from UKIDSS LAS: peculiar objects, binaries, and space density
• Fifteen new T dwarfs discovered in the UKIDSS Large Area Survey
• Wide, Cool and Ultracool Companions to Nearby Stars from Pan-STARRS1
• Hip 63510C, Hip 73786B, and nine new isolated high proper motion T dwarf candidates from UKIDSS DR6 and SDSS DR7
• Meeting the Cool Neighbors VII: Spectroscopy of faint, red NLTT dwarfs
• CFBDSIR J1458+1013B: A Very Cold (>T10) Brown Dwarf in a Binary System
• BANYAN. IX. The Initial Mass Function and Planetary-Mass Object Space Density of the TW Hya Association
• Nearby M, L, and T Dwarfs Discovered by the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE)
• Keck Laser Guide Star Adaptive Optics Monitoring of the M8+L7 Binary LHS 2397aAB: First Dynamical Mass Benchmark at the L/T Transition
• Southern Infrared Proper Motion Survey I: Discovery of New High Proper Motion Stars From First Full Hemisphere Scan
• Kepler Monitoring of an L Dwarf I. The Photometric Period and White Light Flares
• The Luminosities of the Coldest Brown Dwarfs
• A Survey for H-alpha Emission from Late L dwarfs and T dwarfs
• Spectroscopic characterization of 78 DENIS ultracool dwarf candidates in the solar neighborhood and the Upper Sco OB association
• WISEP J004701.06+680352.1: An intermediate surface gravity, dusty brown dwarf in the AB Dor Moving Group
• An Infrared High Proper Motion Survey Using 2MASS and SDSS: Discovery of M, L and T Dwarfs
• The AstraLux Multiplicity Survey: Extension to Late M-dwarfs
• Parallaxes of Southern Extremely Cool objects (PARSEC) II: Spectroscopic Follow-up and Parallaxes of 52 Targets
• Parallaxes of Southern Extremely Cool objects - I: Targets, Proper motions and first results
• WISEA J114724.10-204021.3: A Free-Floating Planetary Mass Member of the TW Hya Association
• The 2MASS Wide-Field T Dwarf Search. II. Discovery of Three T Dwarfs in the Southern Hemisphere
• Astrometric orbit of a low-mass companion to an ultracool dwarf
• LHS 2803B: A very wide mid-T dwarf companion to an old M dwarf identified from Pan-STARRS1
• New Evidence for a Substellar Luminosity Problem: Dynamical Mass for the Brown Dwarf Binary Gl 417BC
• NPARSEC: NTT Parallaxes of Southern Extremely Cool objects. Goals, targets, procedures and first results
• A Proper Motion Survey Using the First Sky Pass of NEOWISE-Reactivation Data
• Three New Cool Brown Dwarfs Discovered with the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) and an Improved Spectrum of the Y0 Dwarf WISE J041022.71+150248.4
• Parallaxes and physical properties of 11 mid-to-late T dwarfs
• Discovery of a Wide Substellar Companion to a Nearby Low-Mass Star
• New, nearby bright southern ultracool dwarfs
• The Ultracool SpeXtroscopic Survey. I. Volume-Limited Spectroscopic Sample and Luminosity Function of M7$-$L5 Ultracool Dwarfs
• A Search for Variability in Exoplanet Analogues and Low-Gravity Brown Dwarfs
• Trigonometric parallaxes of young field L dwarfs
• The Young L Dwarf 2MASS J11193254-1137466 is a Planetary-Mass Binary
• HIP 38939B: A New Benchmark T Dwarf in the Galactic Plane Discovered with Pan-STARRS1
• The sub-stellar birth rate from UKIDSS
• A Targeted Search for Peculiarly Red L and T Dwarfs in SDSS, 2MASS, and WISE: Discovery of a Possible L7 Member of the TW Hydrae Association
• Characterization of High Proper Motion Objects from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer
• Blue not brown: UKIDSS T dwarfs with suppressed K-band flux
• Astrometric planet search around southern ultracool dwarfs I: First results, including parallaxes of 20 M8-L2 dwarfs
• New M, L, and T Dwarf Companions to Nearby Stars from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer
• Trigonometric parallaxes of ten ultracool subdwarfs
• Brown Dwarfs in Young Moving Groups from Pan-STARRS1. I. AB Doradus
• Trigonometric Parallaxes and Proper Motions of 134 Southern Late M, L, and T Dwarfs from the Carnegie Astrometric Planet Search Program
• Parallaxes and Proper Motions of Ultracool Brown Dwarfs of Spectral Types Y and Late T
• A Spectroscopic Binary at the M/L Transition
• The Mass-Luminosity Relation in the L/T Transition: Individual Dynamical Masses for the New J-Band Flux Reversal Binary SDSSJ105213.51+442255.7AB
• Four new T dwarfs identified in PanSTARRS 1 commissioning data
• Y dwarf Trigonometric Parallaxes from the Spitzer Space Telescope
• A Search for L/T Transition Dwarfs With Pan-STARRS1 and WISE: Discovery of Seven Nearby Objects Including Two Candidate Spectroscopic Variables
• The Nearest Isolated Member of the TW Hydrae Association is a Giant Planet Analog
• CCD Parallaxes for 309 Late-type Dwarfs and Subdwarfs
• First T dwarfs in the VISTA Hemisphere Survey
• Discovery of Four High Proper Motion L Dwarfs, Including a 10 pc L Dwarf at the L/T Transition
• Identifying Ultra-Cool Dwarfs at Low Galactic Latitudes: A Southern Candidate Catalogue
• An overlooked brown dwarf neighbour (T7.5 at d~5pc) of the Sun and two additional T dwarfs at about 10pc
• The Solar Neighborhood XXXVIII. Results from the CTIO/SMARTS 0.9m: Trigonometric Parallaxes for 151 Nearby M Dwarf Systems
• The distance to the cool T9 brown dwarf ULAS J003402.77-005206.7
• WISEP J180026.60+013453.1: A Nearby Late L Dwarf Near the Galactic Plane
• Discovery of three nearby L dwarfs in the Southern Sky
• 2MASS 0213+3648 C: A wide T3 benchmark companion to an an active, old M dwarf binary
• Discovery of Two Very Wide Binaries with Ultracool Companions and a New Brown Dwarf at the L/T Transition
• High Proper Motion Objects from the UKIDSS Galactic Plane Survey
• UKIDSS detections of cool brown dwarfs - proper motions of 14 known $>$T5 dwarfs and discovery of three new T5.5-T6 dwarfs
• Parallaxes of southern extremely cool objects III: 118 L \& T dwarfs
• Resolved Spectroscopy of M Dwarf/L Dwarf Binaries. III. The "Wide" L3.5/L4 Dwarf Binary 2MASS J15500845+1455180AB
• Astrometric planet search around southern ultracool dwarfs III. Discovery of a brown dwarf in a 3-year orbit around DE0630-18
• Mass ratio of the 2 pc binary brown dwarf LUH16 and limits on planetary companions from astrometry
• Why compositional convection cannot explain substellar objects sharp spectral type transitions
• Identification of partially resolved binaries in Pan-STARRS1 data
• DE0823$-$49 is a juvenile binary brown dwarf at 20.7 pc
• WISEA J064750.85-154616.4: a new nearby L/T transition dwarf
• Parallaxes and Infrared Photometry of three Y0 dwarfs

Cited by in corpus (43)

• The Field Substellar Mass Function Based on the Full-sky 20-pc Census of 525 L, T, and Y Dwarfs
• The 10 parsec sample in the Gaia era
• Aerosols in Exoplanet Atmospheres
• A Volume-Limited Sample of Ultracool Dwarfs. I. Construction, Space Density, and a Gap in the L/T Transition
• Let the Great World Spin: Revealing the Stormy, Turbulent Nature of Young Giant Exoplanet Analogs with the Spitzer Space Telescope
• Detection and Bulk Properties of the HR 8799 Planets with High Resolution Spectroscopy
• Weather on Other Worlds. V. The Three Most Rapidly Rotating Ultra-Cool Dwarfs
• Self-consistent Models of Y Dwarf Atmospheres with Water Clouds and Disequilibrium Chemistry
• The Second Discovery from the COol Companions ON Ultrawide orbiTS (COCONUTS) Program: A Cold Wide-Orbit Exoplanet around a Young Field M Dwarf at 10.9 pc
• The Hawaii Infrared Parallax Program. V. New T-Dwarf Members and Candidate Members of Nearby Young Moving Groups
• A Census of the TW Hya Association with Gaia
• Uniform Forward-Modeling Analysis of Ultracool Dwarfs. II. Atmospheric Properties of 55 Late-T Dwarfs
• On the Detection of Exomoons Transiting Isolated Planetary-Mass Objects
• A Wide Planetary Mass Companion Discovered Through the Citizen Science Project Backyard Worlds: Planet 9
• The Oceanus Moving Group: A New 500 Myr-Old Host for the Nearest Brown Dwarf
• Redder than Red: Discovery of an Exceptionally Red L/T Transition Dwarf
• A Near-infrared Variability Survey of Young Planetary-mass Objects
• Physical Parameters and Properties of 20 Cold Brown Dwarfs in JWST
• HST/WFC3 Complete Phase-resolved Spectroscopy of White Dwarf-Brown Dwarf Binaries WD 0137 and EPIC 2122
• Ultracool Dwarfs Observed with the Spitzer Infrared Spectrograph. I. An Accurate Look at the L-to-T Transition at $\sim$300 Myr from Optical through Mid-infrared Spectrophotometry
• The Occurrence Rate of Quiescent Radio Emission for Ultracool Dwarfs using a Generalized Semi-Analytical Bayesian Framework
• The Y dwarf population with HST: unlocking the secrets of our coolest neighbours -- I. Overview & First astrometric results
• A Search for Predicted Astrometric Microlensing Events by Nearby Brown Dwarfs
• LSST Survey Strategies and Brown Dwarf Parallaxes
• NICMOS Kernel-Phase Interferometry I: Catalogue of Brown Dwarfs Observed in F110W and F170M
• X-SHYNE: X-Shooter spectra of young exoplanet analogs II. Presentation and analysis of the full library
• NICMOS Kernel-Phase Interferometry II: Demographics of Nearby Brown Dwarfs
• Optical Properties of Metal-poor T Dwarf Candidates
• Optical constraints on the coldest metal-poor population
• $L$-band Spectra of Young Brown Dwarfs
• Distinct Rotational Evolution of Giant Planets and Brown Dwarf Companions
• The Sonora Brown Dwarf Atmosphere and Evolution Models I. Model Description and Application to Cloudless Atmospheres in Rainout Chemical Equilibrium
• SDSS J100711.74+193056.2: A Candidate Common Motion Substellar Companion to the Nearest B-Type Star Regulus
• Radio Emission from a Nearby M dwarf Binary
• The Gaia Ultracool Dwarf Sample -- IV. GTC/OSIRIS optical spectra of Gaia late-M and L dwarfs
• The Brown Dwarf Kinematics Project (BDKP). V. Radial and Rotational Velocities of T Dwarfs from Keck/NIRSPEC High-Resolution Spectroscopy
• On The Unusual Variability of 2MASS J06195260-2903592: A Long-Lived Disk around a Young Ultracool Dwarf
• The Perkins INfrared Exosatellite Survey (PINES) I. Survey Overview, Reduction Pipeline, and Early Results
• A planetary-mass candidate imaged in the Young Suns Exoplanet Survey
• Substellar Hyades Candidates from the UKIRT Hemisphere Survey
• Using Old and New Approaches: Determining Physical Properties of Brown Dwarfs with Empirical Relations and Machine Learning Models
• Disentangling the Signatures of Blended-Light Atmospheres in L/T Transition Brown Dwarfs
• A Uniform Retrieval Analysis of Ultra-cool Dwarfs. IV. A Statistical Census from 50 Late-T Dwarfs