Muons in supernovae: implications for the axion-muon coupling

Abstract

The high temperature and electron degeneracy attained during a supernova allow for the formation of a large muon abundance within the core of the resulting proto-neutron star. If new pseudoscalar degrees of freedom have large couplings to the muon, they can be produced by this muon abundance and contribute to the cooling of the star. By generating the largest collection of supernova simulations with muons to date, we show that observations of the cooling rate of SN 1987A place strong constraints on the coupling of axion-like particles to muons, limiting the coupling to $g_{a\mu }<10^{-7.5}{\text{GeV}}^{-1}$.

8 pages, 9 figures. v7: typo in Eq. 3 corrected; not reflected in published work

References in corpus (9)

• Shapiro delay measurement of a two solar mass neutron star
• A Massive Pulsar in a Compact Relativistic Binary
• Nucleosynthesis and Remnants in Massive Stars of Solar Metallicity
• Neutron-star radius constraints from GW170817 and future detections
• Revisiting the SN1987A gamma-ray limit on ultralight axion-like particles
• First results from a microwave cavity axion search at 24 micro-eV
• Muon Creation in Supernova Matter Facilitates Neutrino-driven Explosions
• Supernova Neutrino Light Curves and Spectra for Various Progenitor Stars: From Core Collapse to Proto-neutron Star Cooling
• High angular resolution ALMA images of dust and molecules in the SN 1987A ejecta

Cited by in corpus (79)

• Muonic Boson Limits: Supernova Redux
• Looking forward to Lepton-flavor-violating ALPs
• Low-Energy Supernovae Severely Constrain Radiative Particle Decays
• Supernova Muons: New Constraints on Z' Bosons, Axions, and ALPs
• Observable signatures of enhanced axion emission from protoneutron stars
• Updated constraints on axion-like particles from temporal information in supernova SN1987A gamma-ray data
• Getting the most on supernova axions
• Strong Supernova 1987A Constraints on Bosons Decaying to Neutrinos
• Supernova Simulations Confront SN 1987A Neutrinos
• Fast neutrino flavor conversions in one-dimensional core-collapse supernova models with and without muon creation
• Storage Ring Probes of Dark Matter and Dark Energy
• Strong supernovae bounds on ALPs from quantum loops
• Muonization of supernova matter
• Supernova bound on Axion-Like Particles coupled with electrons
• Proto-neutron stars as cosmic factories for massive axion-like-particles
• Radiative transfer in stars by feebly interacting bosons
• Supernova axions convert to gamma-rays in magnetic fields of progenitor stars
• Axion Astrophysics
• Cosmological Implications of Axion-Matter Couplings
• Improved stellar limits on a light CP-even scalar
• Spin-dependent exotic interactions
• Global fits of axion-like particles to XENON1T and astrophysical data
• New Opportunities for Detecting Axion-Lepton Interactions
• Chiral $Z^{\prime }$ in FASER, FASER2, DUNE, and ILC beam dump experiments
• Muons in the aftermath of neutron star mergers and their impact on trapped neutrinos
• Muon g-2 and EDM experiments as muonic dark matter detectors
• Supernova Constraints on Dark Flavored Sectors
• Supernova Constraint on Self-Interacting Dark Sector Particles
• Ultralight scalars in leptonic observables
• Axions: From Magnetars and Neutron Star Mergers to Beam Dumps and BECs
• Constraints on Axion-Lepton coupling from Big Bang Nucleosynthesis
• CP-violating axion interactions in effective field theory
• Naturally astrophobic QCD axion
• Supernova Limits on Muonic Dark Forces
• Searching for axion forces with precision precession in storage rings
• Opportunities for probing $U(1{)}_{T3R}$ with light mediators
• Evolution of Tau-Neutrino Lepton Number in Protoneutron Stars due to Active-Sterile Neutrino Mixing
• Mono-chromatic single photon events at the muon collider
• Testing axion couplings to leptons in $Z$ decays at future $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ colliders
• Supernova limits on 'QCD axion-like particles'
• From Supernovae to Neutron Stars: A Systematic Approach to Axion Production at Finite Density
• Constraints from the duration of supernova neutrino burst on on-shell light gauge boson production by neutrinos
• Dark matter in the Scotogenic model with spontaneous lepton number violation
• Sterile neutrino dark matter in a U(1) extension of the standard model
• SN 2023ixf -- an average-energy explosion with circumstellar medium and a precursor
• Observable flavor violation from spontaneous lepton number breaking
• Atmospheric axion-like particles at Super-Kamiokande
• Flavor-Violating Higgs Decays and Stellar Cooling Anomalies in Axion Models
• Probing the flavor-specific scalar mediator for the muon $(g-2)$ deviation, the proton radius puzzle and the light dark matter production
• Muon g-2 and a Geocentric New Field
• Light vector dark matter with scalar mediator and muon g-2 anomaly
• Dynamical scoto-seesaw mechanism with gauged $B-L$
• Low-Energy Supernovae Bounds on Sterile Neutrinos
• Supernova Neutrinos: flavour conversion mechanisms and new physics scenarios
• In-flight positron annihilation as a probe of feebly interacting particles
• Flavor phenomenology of light dark sectors
• Hyperons during proto-neutron star deleptonization and the emission of dark flavoured particles
• Axion-photon conversion in transient compact stars: Systematics, constraints, and opportunities
• Cooling the Shock: New Supernova Constraints on Dark Photons
• Explaining $g_{\mu }-2$ and $R_{K^{(\ast )}}$ using the light mediators of $U(1{)}_{T3R}$
• Fermionic Dark Matter in Dynamical Scotogenic Model
• New Constraints on Axion-Like Particles with the NEON Detector at a Nuclear Reactor
• Dark matter as the source of neutrino mass: theory overview and experimental prospects
• Detecting Supernova Axions with IAXO
• SN1987A constraints to BSM models with extra neutral bosons near the trapping regime: $U(1{)}_{L_{\mu }-L_{\tau }}$ model as an illustrative example
• Muon g-2, Long-Range Muon Spin Force, and Neutrino Oscillations
• Direct Detection of Ultralight Dark Matter via Charged Lepton Flavor Violation
• Flavored Peccei-Quinn symmetries in the minimal $\nu$DFSZ model
• Small Progenitors, Large Couplings: Type Ic Supernova Constraints on Radiatively Decaying Particles
• CMB Constraints on Loop-Induced Decays of Leptophilic Dark Matter
• The Forward Physics Facility at the High-Luminosity LHC
• Beyond thermal approximations: Precise cosmological bounds on Axion-Like Particles
• Cosmic Overture Echoed in a Stellar Final Act: Implications of Nanohertz Gravitational Waves for Core Collapse Supernova Neutrinos
• The Strange Physics of Dark Baryons
• Muonium Spectroscopy as a Quantum Sensor for Ultralight Axion Dark Matter
• Constraints on Axion Dark Matter by Spin-Dependent Macroscopic Force
• Neutrino Mass Hierarchy and Axion--Lepton Couplings in a Minimal Flavored $\nu$KSVZ Model
• Probing charged lepton flavor violation with axion-like particles at Belle II
• Supernova Constraints on Dark Flavored Sectors