A two-moment radiation hydrodynamics scheme applicable to simulations of planet formation in circumstellar disks

Abstract

We present a numerical code for radiation hydrodynamics designed as a module for the freely available PLUTO code. We adopt a gray approximation and include radiative transfer following a two-moment approach by imposing the M1 closure to the radiation fields. This closure allows for a description of radiative transport in both the diffusion and free-streaming limits, and is able to describe highly anisotropic radiation transport as can be expected in the vicinity of an accreting planet in a protoplanetary disk. To reduce the computational cost caused by the timescale disparity between radiation and matter fields, we integrate their evolution equations separately in an operator-split way, using substepping to evolve the radiation equations. We further increase the code's efficiency by adopting the reduced speed of light approximation (RSLA). Our integration scheme for the evolution equations of radiation fields relies on implicit-explicit schemes, in which radiation-matter interaction terms are integrated implicitly while fluxes are integrated via Godunov-type solvers. The module is suitable for general astrophysical computations in 1, 2, and 3 dimensions in Cartesian, spherical and cylindrical coordinates, and can be implemented on rotating frames. We demonstrate the algorithm performance on different numerical benchmarks, paying particular attention to the applicability of the RSLA for computations of physical processes in protoplanetary disks. We show 2D simulations of vertical convection in disks and 3D simulations of gas accretion by planetary cores, which are the first of their kind to be solved with a two-moment approach.

arXiv comment27 pages, 16 figures

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Cited by in corpus (16)

• Collapse of turbulent massive cores with ambipolar diffusion and hybrid radiative transfer I. Accretion and multiplicity
• The Sandwich Mode for Vertical Shear Instability in Protoplanetary Disks
• Collapse of turbulent massive cores with ambipolar diffusion and hybrid radiative transfer II. Outflows
• Three-temperature radiation hydrodynamics with PLUTO: Tests and applications to protoplanetary disks
• VETTAM: A scheme for radiation hydrodynamics with adaptive mesh refinement using the variable Eddington tensor method
• Rank-3 Moment Closures in General Relativistic Neutrino Transport
• No self-shadowing instability in 2D radiation-hydrodynamical models of irradiated protoplanetary disks
• Vertical shear instability in two-moment radiation-hydrodynamical simulations of irradiated protoplanetary disks I. Angular momentum transport and turbulent heating
• Neutrino flavor mixing with moments
• Vertical shear instability in two-moment radiation-hydrodynamical simulations of irradiated protoplanetary disks II. Secondary instabilities and stability regions
• Three-temperature radiation hydrodynamics with PLUTO: Thermal and kinematic signatures of accreting protoplanets
• Can gap-edge illumination excite spirals in protoplanetary disks? Three-temperature radiation hydrodynamics and NIR image modelling
• PyPLUTO: a data analysis Python package for the PLUTO code
• Multidimensional half-moment multigroup radiative transfer. Improving moment-based thermal models of circumstellar disks
• Monte Carlo post-processing for radiation hydro simulations of accreting planets in protoplanetary disks
• Starlight-driven flared-staircase geometry in radiation hydrodynamic models of protoplanetary disks