Heavy Quarkonium in Extreme Conditions

Abstract

In this report we review recent progress achieved in the understanding of heavy quarkonium under extreme conditions from a theory perspective. Its focus lies both on quarkonium properties in thermal equilibrium, as well as recent developments towards a genuine real-time description, valid also out-of-equilibrium. We will give an overview of the theory tools developed and deployed over the last decade, including effective field theories, lattice field theory simulations, modern methods for spectral reconstructions and the the open-quantum systems paradigm. The report will discuss in detail the concept of quarkonium melting, providing the reader with a contemporary perspective. In order to judge where future progress is needed we will also discuss recent results from experiments and phenomenological modeling of quarkonium in relativistic heavy-ion collisions.

129 pages, 55 figures, submitted to Physics Reports on July 23rd 2019

References in corpus (65)

• Heavy quarkonium: progress, puzzles, and opportunities
• The equation of state in (2+1)-flavor QCD
• The Color Glass Condensate
• Highly Improved Staggered Quarks on the Lattice, with Applications to Charm Physics
• Heavy Quark Diffusion in Strongly Coupled $\mathbb{N}=4$ Yang Mills
• Static quark-antiquark pairs at finite temperature
• High-precision scale setting in lattice QCD
• Spectral functions at small energies and the electrical conductivity in hot, quenched lattice QCD
• Toward the excited meson spectrum of dynamical QCD
• Real and imaginary-time $Q\bar{Q}$ correlators in a thermal medium
• Color Screening Melts Quarkonium
• Charmonium properties in hot quenched lattice QCD
• Statistical hadronization of heavy quarks in ultra-relativistic nucleus-nucleus collisions
• Quarkonium correlators and spectral functions at zero and finite temperature
• Charmonium at high temperature in two-flavor QCD
• Heavy quark diffusion in perturbative QCD at next-to-leading order
• Boost-Invariant (2+1)-dimensional Anisotropic Hydrodynamics
• Charmonium in Medium: From Correlators to Experiment
• Nonperturbative determination of the QCD potential at O(1/m)
• Comprehensive description of $J/\psi$ production in proton-proton collisions at collider energies
• Twisted mass lattice QCD
• Novel quantum phenomena induced by strong magnetic fields in heavy-ion collisions
• Static quark-antiquark potential in the quark-gluon plasma from lattice QCD
• Color Screening and Regeneration of Bottomonia in High-Energy Heavy-Ion Collisions
• Heavy quark master equations in the Lindblad form at high temperatures
• A data-driven analysis for the temperature and momentum dependence of the heavy quark diffusion coefficient in relativistic heavy-ion collisions
• Heavy quarkonium in any channel in resummed hot QCD
• Spin-dependent potentials from lattice QCD
• Constant contribution in meson correlators at finite temperature
• Bottomonium above deconfinement in lattice nonrelativistic QCD
• String breaking by light and strange quarks in QCD
• Relation between the pole and the minimally subtracted mass in dimensional regularization and dimensional reduction to three-loop order
• Bottomonium suppression using a lattice QCD vetted potential
• Charmonium Spectroscopy in Strong Magnetic Fields by QCD Sum Rules: S-Wave Ground States
• Polyakov loop and correlator of Polyakov loops at next-to-next-to-leading order
• Revisiting scaling properties of medium-induced gluon radiation
• QCD sum rules for magnetically induced mixing between ${\eta }_c$ and $J/\psi$
• Measurement of prompt psi(2S) to J/psi yield ratios in PbPb and pp collisions at sqrt(s[NN]) = 2.76 TeV
• Quark-Gluon Plasmas and Thermalization
• Holographic model for charmonium dissociation
• Electric and Magnetic Screening Masses at Finite Temperature from Generalized Polyakov-Line Correlations in Two-flavor Lattice QCD
• Towards the Gravity Dual of Quarkonium in the Strongly Coupled QCD Plasma
• Heavy quarkonium in a holographic QCD model
• How to compute the thermal quarkonium spectral function from first principles?
• Deconfinement as an entropic self-destruction: a solution for the quarkonium suppression puzzle?
• Non-relativistic bound states at finite temperature (II): the muonic hydrogen
• Upsilon suppression in PbPb collisions at the LHC
• Thermal quarkonium physics in the pseudoscalar channel
• A test on analytic continuation of thermal imaginary-time data
• Extraction of Spectral Functions from Dyson-Schwinger Studies via the Maximum Entropy Method
• Static $\bar{Q}Q$ pair free energy and screening masses from correlators of Polyakov loops: continuum extrapolated lattice results at the QCD physical point
• Cold and Hot Nuclear Matter Effects on Charmonium Production in p+Pb Collisions at LHC Energy
• Bottomium suppression in PbPb collisions at LHC energies
• Bayesian inference of non-positive spectral functions in quantum field theory
• Polarization of prompt $J/\psi$ and ${\rm Y}$(1S) production in the color evaporation model
• Υ Production in Heavy Ion Collisions at LHC
• In-medium dispersion relations of charmonia studied by maximum entropy method
• Renormalization of the cyclic Wilson loop
• Static quark anti-quark pair in SU(2) gauge theory
• Bethe-Salpeter wave functions of ${\eta }_c(2S)$ and $\psi (2S)$ states from full lattice QCD
• Quarkonium Binding and Entropic Force
• From Complex to Stochastic Potential: Heavy Quarkonia in the Quark-Gluon Plasma
• Review of bottomonium measurements from CMS
• Finite temperature sum rules in the vector channel at finite momentum
• Improving the Kinetic Couplings in Lattice Non-Relativistic QCD

Cited by in corpus (105)

• 50 Years of Quantum Chromodynamics
• The ALICE experiment: a journey through QCD
• Heavy quarks and jets as probes of the QGP
• Phase Transitions in Particle Physics -- Results and Perspectives from Lattice Quantum Chromo-Dynamics
• Bottomonium suppression in an open quantum system using the quantum trajectories method
• Exploring QCD matter in extreme conditions with Machine Learning
• Heavy-Quark Diffusion in the Quark-Gluon Plasma
• Open Quantum Systems for Quarkonia
• The Present and Future of QCD
• Measurement of the J/$\psi$ polarization with respect to the event plane in Pb-Pb collisions at the LHC
• Static quark anti-quark interactions at non-zero temperature from lattice QCD
• Bottomonium production in heavy-ion collisions using quantum trajectories: Differential observables and momentum anisotropy
• J/$\psi$ elliptic and triangular flow in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}$ = 5.02 TeV
• Non-Abelian Electric Field Correlator at NLO for Dark Matter Relic Abundance and Quarkonium Transport
• Transport coefficients of the quark-gluon plasma at the critical point and across the first-order line
• Heavy quarkonium dynamics at next-to-leading order in the binding energy over temperature
• A review of quarkonia under strong magnetic fields
• Physics-Driven Learning for Inverse Problems in Quantum Chromodynamics
• Dark Matter bound-state formation at higher order: a non-equilibrium quantum field theory approach
• Freeze-in produced dark matter in the ultra-relativistic regime
• ${\rm Y}$ production and nuclear modification at forward rapidity in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{{\text{s}}_{\text{NN}}}=5.02$ TeV
• Rethinking the ill-posedness of the spectral function reconstruction -- why is it fundamentally hard and how Artificial Neural Networks can help
• Pion spectral properties above the chiral crossover of QCD
• Measurement of sequential ${\rm Y}$ suppression in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{{}_{\mathrm{NN}}}}$ = 200 GeV with the STAR experiment
• Heavy quark diffusion coefficient in heavy-ion collisions via kinetic theory
• Real Time Quarkonium Transport Coefficients in Open Quantum Systems from Euclidean QCD
• Pseudoscalar and vector open-charm mesons at finite temperature
• Inclusive quarkonium production in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}=5.02$ TeV
• QTRAJ 1.0: A Lindblad equation solver for heavy-quarkonium dynamics
• Heavy quarkonia in a bulk viscous medium
• Gauge Invariance of Non-Abelian Field Strength Correlators: the Axial Gauge Puzzle
• Chiral spin symmetry and hot/dense QCD
• Charm and Bottom Hadrons in Hot Hadronic Matter
• Measurements of inclusive J/$\psi$ production at midrapidity and forward rapidity in Pb$-$Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}$ = 5.02 TeV
• Pseudo-scalar meson spectral properties in the chiral crossover region of QCD
• Observation of the ${\rm Y}$(3S) meson and suppression of ${\rm Y}$ states in PbPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}$ = 5.02 TeV
• $X(3872)$, $X(4014)$, and their bottom partners at finite temperature
• Quarkonium propagation in the quark gluon plasma
• Inverse problems, real-time dynamics and lattice simulations
• Bayesian inference of real-time dynamics from lattice QCD
• Configuration entropy and stability of bottomonium radial excitations in a plasma with magnetic fields
• Chromoelectric field correlator for quarkonium transport in the strongly coupled $\mathcal{N}=4$ Yang-Mills plasma from AdS/CFT
• Bottom energy loss and non-prompt $J/\psi$ production in relativistic heavy ion collisions
• The complex heavy-quark potential in an anisotropic quark-gluon plasma -- Statics and dynamics
• Centre vortex evidence for a second finite-temperature QCD transition
• Spectral and transport properties from lattice QCD
• D meson mass and heavy quark potential at finite temperature
• Bryan's Maximum Entropy Method -- diagnosis of a flawed argument and its remedy
• Interaction potential between heavy $Q\bar{Q}$ in color octet configuration in QGP
• Quarkonium dynamics in the quantum Brownian regime with non-abelian quantum master equations
• Non-Hermitian BCS-BEC crossover of Dirac fermions
• Proper static potential in classical lattice gauge theory at finite T
• Dynamics of in-medium quarkonia in SU(3) and SU(2) gauge theories
• The impact of fluctuating initial conditions on bottomonium suppression in 5.02 TeV heavy-ion collisions
• Charm and beauty in the deconfined plasma from quenched lattice QCD
• Prompt and non-prompt J$/\psi$ production at midrapidity in Pb$-$Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}$ = 5.02 TeV
• Effects of the $\alpha$-cluster structure and the intrinsic momentum component of nuclei on the longitudinal asymmetry in relativistic heavy-ion collisions
• Running Coupling for Holographic QCD with Heavy and Light Quarks: Isotropic case
• Measurements of the azimuthal anisotropy of prompt and nonprompt charmonia in PbPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}$ = 5.02 TeV
• Heavy quarkonia in QGP medium in an arbitrary magnetic field
• Reconstructing lattice QCD spectral functions with stochastic pole expansion and Nevanlinna analytic continuation
• Non-zero temperature study of spin 1/2 charmed baryons using lattice gauge theory
• Generalized Gluon Distribution for Quarkonium Dynamics in Strongly Coupled $\mathcal{N}=4$ Yang-Mills Theory
• Spectral functions of heavy quarkonia in a bulk-viscous quark gluon plasma
• Bottomonium suppression at RHIC and LHC in an open quantum system approach
• Meson content of entanglement spectra after integrable and nonintegrable quantum quenches
• Open-charm Euclidean correlators within heavy-meson EFT interactions
• Dual formulation of the maximum entropy method applied to analytic continuation of quantum Monte Carlo data
• Bound State Formation in Time Dependent Potentials
• A quantum information perspective on meson melting
• Quarkonium Polarization in Medium from Open Quantum Systems and Chromomagnetic Correlators
• Probing QGP droplets with charmonium in high-multiplicity proton-proton collisions
• Relativistic dynamics of charmonia in strong magnetic fields
• Transverse momentum dependent feed-down fractions for bottomonium production
• Static quark anti-quark interactions at non-zero temperature from lattice QCD
• Production of bottomonia states in proton+proton and heavy-ion collisions
• Heavy-Light Susceptibilities in a Strongly Coupled Quark-Gluon Plasma
• Parton distribution functions of ground state mesons composed of $c$ or $b$ quarks
• $J/\psi$ near $T_c$
• Fully-heavy tetraquarks in the vacuum and in a hot environment
• Structure of heavy quarkonia in a strong magnetic field
• J/$\psi$ yields in low energy nuclear collisions at SPS and FAIR: A baseline estimation
• String breaking in a cold wind as seen by string models
• Study of quarkonium in QGP from unquenched lattice QCD
• The Spectrum of Low-$p_T$ $J/\psi$ in Heavy-Ion Collisions in a Statistical Two-Body Fractal Model
• SQM2022: Theoretical Summary
• Dynamical deconfinement transition driven by density of excitations
• Quarkonia as probes of the QGP and the initial stages of the heavy-ion collisions with ALICE
• Thermal modifications of mesons and energy-energy correlators from real-time simulations of a $U(1)$ lattice gauge theory
• Heavy Quarkonium at finite temperature and chemical potential
• Charmonium dissociation at high baryon chemical potential
• Non-equilibrium evolution of quarkonium in medium in the open quantum system approach
• QCD at high temperature and density: selected highlights
• Heavy quarkonium with finite three momentum near $T_c$
• Stochastic Dynamics and Bound States of Heavy Impurities in a Fermi Bath
• In-medium Y(1S,2S,3S) suppression in Pb-Pb collisions at sqrt(s_NN)=5.02 TeV
• Nonequilibrium evolution of quarkonium in medium
• Recent ALICE results on quarkonium production in nuclear collisions
• Flavored aspects of QCD thermodynamics from Lattice QCD
• The bottomonium melting from screening correlators at high temperature
• Relativistic meson spectra on ion-trap quantum simulators
• Non-perturbative Enhancement of Heavy Quark-Antiquark Pair Annihilation in the Quark-Gluon Plasma
• Holographic bottomonium formation in a cooling strong-interaction medium at finite baryon density
• Medium modifications of $1P$-wave charmonia ${\chi }_{cJ}(1P)$ in cold nuclear matter
• The noiseless limit and improved-prior limit of the maximum entropy method and their implications for the analytic continuation problem