Chiral spin symmetry and hot/dense QCD
arXiv:2209.10235 · doi:10.1016/j.ppnp.2023.104049
Abstract
Above the chiral symmetry restoration crossover around T_{ch} ~ 155 MeV a new regime arises in QCD, a stringy fluid, which is characterized by an approximate chiral spin symmetry of the thermal partition function. This symmetry is not a symmetry of the Dirac Lagrangian and is a symmetry of the electric part of the QCD Lagrangian. In this regime the medium consists of the chirally symmetric and approximately chiral spin symmetric hadrons that are made of the chirally symmetric quarks connected into the color singlet compounds by a confining chromoelectric field. This regime is evidenced by the approximate chiral spin symmetry of the spatial and temporal correlators and by the breakdown of the thermal perturbation theory at the crossover between the partonic (the quark-gluon plasma) and stringy fluid regimes at ~ 3 T_{ch}. The chiral spin symmetry smoothly disappears above ~ 3T_{ch} which means that the chromoelectric confining interaction gets screened. A direct evidence that the stringy fluid medium consists of densely packed hadrons is the pion spectral function that shows a distinct pion state and its first radial excitation above T_{ch}. Another direct evidence of the hadron degrees of freedom in the stringy fluid is the bottomonium spectrum with the 1S,2S,3S and 1P,2P radial and orbital excitations that become broad with temperature. The hadrons between T_{ch} and ~ 3 T_{ch} in the stringy fluid interact strongly which makes the stringy fluid more a liquid rather than a gas. We discuss how this chiral spin symmetric regime extends into the finite chemical potentials domain and present a qualitative sketch of the QCD phase diagram.
arXiv comment39 pages. The review has been significantly extended. Accepted by Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics
References in corpus (65)
- Experimental and Theoretical Challenges in the Search for the Quark Gluon Plasma: The STAR Collaboration's Critical Assessment of the Evidence from RHIC Collisions
- Formation of dense partonic matter in relativistic nucleus-nucleus collisions at RHIC: Experimental evaluation by the PHENIX collaboration
- Quark Gluon Plasma an Color Glass Condensate at RHIC? The perspective from the BRAHMS experiment
- The PHOBOS Perspective on Discoveries at RHIC
- The order of the quantum chromodynamics transition predicted by the standard model of particle physics
- Instantons in QCD
- New Forms of QCD Matter Discovered at RHIC
- The QCD transition temperature: results with physical masses in the continuum limit II.
- Chiral crossover in QCD at zero and non-zero chemical potentials
- Maximum Entropy Analysis of the Spectral Functions in Lattice QCD
- First Measurement of the rho Spectral Function in High-Energy Nuclear Collisions
- QCD at finite temperature and chemical potential from Dyson-Schwinger equations
- Transport Properties of the Quark-Gluon Plasma -- A Lattice QCD Perspective
- Heavy Quarkonium in Extreme Conditions
- Chiral Symmetry of Baryons
- Chiral phase structure and critical end point in QCD
- Finite temperature study of the axial U(1) symmetry on the lattice with overlap fermion formulation
- Vacuum phenomenology of the chiral partner of the nucleon in a linear sigma model with vector mesons
- Cold, dense nuclear matter in a SU(2) parity doublet model
- Meson Screening Masses in (2+1)-Flavor QCD
- Modification of the rho meson detected by low-mass electron-positron pairs in central Pb-Au collisions at 158 A GeV/c
- On the order of the QCD chiral phase transition for different numbers of quark flavours
- Microscopic Origin of \boldmath{} Symmetry Violation in the High Temperature Phase of QCD
- Evidence of effective axial U(1) symmetry restoration at high temperature QCD
- Critical line of 2+1 flavor QCD: Toward the continuum limit
- Equation of State in 2+1 Flavor QCD at High Temperatures
- The High Temperature Phase of QCD and {\boldmath } Symmetry
- symmetry restoration in QCD with flavors
- Towards a Relativistic KMS Condition
- Mesonic correlation lengths in high-temperature QCD
- Symmetries of spatial meson correlators in high temperature QCD
- Excited bottomonia in quark-gluon plasma from lattice QCD
- Static quark anti-quark interactions at non-zero temperature from lattice QCD
- Quark-Hadron Duality
- Testing imaginary vs. real chemical potential in finite-temperature QCD
- Energy dependence of acceptance-corrected dielectron excess mass spectrum at mid-rapidity in Au+Au collisions at and 200 GeV
- Study of the axial U(1) anomaly at high temperature with lattice chiral fermions
- Chiral symmetry restoration and the string picture of hadrons
- Symmetries of mesons after unbreaking of chiral symmetry and their string interpretation
- Isoscalar mesons upon unbreaking of chiral symmetry
- Properties of hadron screening masses at small baryonic density
- Eigenvalue spectra of QCD and the fate of breaking towards the chiral limit
- SU(4) symmetry of the dynamical QCD string and genesis of hadron spectra
- Chiral-spin symmetry of the meson spectral function above
- Approximate degeneracy of spatial correlators in high temperature QCD
- Renormalization of the Polyakov loop with gradient flow
- Chiral spin symmetry and the QCD phase diagram
- Lattice calculations of meson correlators and spectral functions at finite temperature
- A Three-Flavor Chiral Effective Model with Four Baryonic Multiplets within the Mirror Assignment
- Pion spectral properties above the chiral crossover of QCD
- Asymptotic dynamics of thermal quantum fields
- Parity doubling of baryons in a chiral approach with three flavors
- Chiralspin symmetry and QCD at high temperature
- Mesonic screening masses at high temperature and finite density
- Spectral representation of the shear viscosity for local scalar QFTs at finite temperature
- Effects of chiral symmetry restoration on meson and dilepton production in relativistic heavy-ion collisions
- The chiral and angular momentum content of the rho-meson
- Baryon parity doublets and chiralspin symmetry
- Chiral symmetry breaking and the spin content of the rho and rho' mesons
- Low lying eigenmodes and meson propagator symmetries
- The curvature of the chiral pseudocritical line from LQCD: analytic continuation and Taylor expansion compared
- On the nature of an emergent symmetry in QCD
- Euclidean thermal correlation functions in local QFT
- Real-time observables from Euclidean thermal correlation functions
- Chiral-spin symmetry emergence in baryons and eigenmodes of the Dirac operator
Cited by in corpus (8)
- Negative moment of inertia and rotational instability of gluon plasma
- Negative Barnett effect, negative moment of inertia of gluon plasma and thermal evaporation of chromomagnetic condensate
- Centre vortex evidence for a second finite-temperature QCD transition
- On thermal transition in QCD
- Quark models: What can they teach us?
- Emergent chirality and superfluidity of parity-doubled baryons in neutron stars
- Chiral-vacuum excited replicae in QCD modeling
- Confined but chirally and chiral spin symmetric hot matter